Hellenistic Jewish Writers

Antiquities of the Jews (Josephus)

121 passagesc. 93 CEGreekPublic Domain

Indexed passages from this source

Individual passages from Antiquities of the Jews (Josephus), shown in source order. Page 1 of 3.

Josephus Retells the Seven Days of Creation

Antiquities I.1

The serpent could talk. That detail, buried in Josephus's retelling of creation in the Antiquities of the Jews (c. 93 CE), changes everything about how the story lands. Before the ...

CreationCosmologyAdam & EveJoseph

Esau's Descendants and the Wars of Edom

Antiquities II.1-2

The whole thing started with a bowl of soup. Esau came home from hunting one day, starving, exhausted, still a young man. And found his brother Jacob cooking lentil stew. It was br...

PatriarchsNationsWar

Israel Reaches Sinai and Drinks Bitter Water

Antiquities III.1-2

Moses struck a rock and a river came pouring out. Not a trickle, not a seep, a full river, bursting from dry stone in the middle of the desert, clear and sweet enough to make an en...

MosesExodusMiraclesSinai

Balaam's Donkey Speaks and He Blesses Israel

Antiquities IV.1-3

A donkey saw an angel before the greatest prophet of the ancient Near East did. That detail alone tells you everything about the story of Balaam. Balak, the king of Moab, was terri...

MosesProphecyMiraclesAngels

Joshua Crosses the Jordan and Conquers Canaan

Antiquities V.1

Joshua inherited an impossible job, replace the greatest prophet in history and lead a nation of former slaves into enemy territory. According to Josephus, he did not hesitate for ...

JoshuaHoly LandWarMiracles

Samuel Judges Israel and Anoints a King

Antiquities VI.1-2

The Philistines captured the Ark of God and dragged it into the temple of their idol Dagon at Ashdod. They set it beside their god like a trophy. But the next morning, they found D...

ProphecyKingshipNoah & FloodJudges

David Becomes King Over All Israel

Antiquities VII.1-3

The Amalekite thought he was delivering good news. He arrived at David's camp in Ziklag carrying Saul's golden bracelet and royal crown, claiming he had personally killed the wound...

King DavidKingshipWar

Solomon Asks God for Wisdom Instead of Power

Antiquities VIII.1-2

Solomon began his reign by cleaning house. And he did it with terrifying efficiency. His half-brother Adonijah, who had already tried to seize the throne once, made the fatal mista...

SolomonWisdomKingship

Elijah Calls Fire From Heaven on the King's Soldiers

Antiquities IX.1-2

King Ahaziah fell through the lattice of his upper chamber and was badly injured. Instead of praying to the God of Israel, he sent messengers to consult the Fly, the god of Ekron. ...

ElijahMiraclesProphecy

Hezekiah's Illness and the Sundial Goes Backward

Antiquities X.1-2

One hundred and eighty-five thousand soldiers died in a single night. That is how God answered Sennacherib, king of Assyria, when he broke his word to Hezekiah and sent an army to ...

MiraclesProphecyHealingKingship

Cyrus Frees the Jews and Rebuilds the Temple

Antiquities XI.1-2

In the first year of his reign, Cyrus king of Persia did something no conqueror had ever done: he freed an enslaved nation and paid to rebuild their God's house. Josephus explains ...

TempleExileRedemptionProphecy

Ptolemy Translates the Torah Into Greek

Antiquities XII.1-2

After Alexander the Great died in 323 BCE, his empire shattered into warring kingdoms. Ptolemy, son of Lagus, seized Egypt. And Jerusalem along with it. Josephus records that Ptole...

TorahHellenismWisdom

Jonathan Takes Over the Maccabean Revolt

Antiquities XIII.1-3

After Judas Maccabeus fell in battle, everything he had fought for nearly collapsed. Josephus opens Book XIII of his Antiquities with a bleak picture: the lawless and the disloyal ...

MaccabeesWarHoly Land

Pompey Conquers Jerusalem and Enters the Holy of Holies

Antiquities XIV.1-3

In 63 BCE, two brothers tore Judea apart. Hyrcanus and Aristobulus, both sons of the Hasmonean queen Alexandra, fought each other for the throne. Hyrcanus was the elder and the hig...

TempleWarHoly LandExile

Herod Takes Jerusalem With Roman Legions

Antiquities XV.1-3

Herod returned from Rome with a crown but no kingdom. Antigonus, backed by the Parthians, controlled Jerusalem. It took Herod three years of brutal campaigning to claim what the Ro...

KingshipWarHoly Land

Herod's Sons Accuse Each Other Before Augustus

Antiquities XVI.1-4

Herod sent his sons to Rome for an education. They came home polished, handsome, and walking straight into the deadliest family feud in Jewish royal history. Alexander and Aristobu...

KingshipTragedyHeroismKabbalah

Herod Burns the Rabbis Who Tore Down the Golden Eagle

Antiquities XVII.1-5

Two Torah scholars convinced their students to tear a golden eagle off the Temple gate in broad daylight. Herod burned them alive for it. The Josephus says in Antiquities XVII, the...

KingshipTempleDivine PunishmentDeath

Judas the Galilean Leads a Tax Revolt Against Rome

Antiquities XVIII.1-2

When Rome imposed a census on Judea in 6 CE, most Jews grudgingly complied. One man declared that paying taxes to Caesar was slavery, and slavery was a sin against God. The Josephu...

WarRebellionHoly Land

Caligula Orders His Statue Placed in the Temple

Antiquities XIX.1-4

Caligula declared himself a god and ordered a colossal statue of himself installed inside the Holy of Holies in Jerusalem. The Jews told the Roman general they would rather die, ev...

TempleHellenismDivine Punishment

Queen Helena of Adiabene Converts to Judaism

Antiquities XX.1-5

A queen from Mesopotamia converted to Judaism, moved to Jerusalem, and saved the city from famine. Her name was Helena of Adiabene, and she was one of the most remarkable converts ...

ConversionWomen of the BibleHoly Land

Cain Murders Abel and Builds the First City

Antiquities I.2

Cain didn't just kill his brother. According to Josephus, he then built a city, invented weights and measures, drew the first property lines. And turned the entire human world towa...

CreationAdam & EveSin

Joshua Divides the Land Among the Twelve Tribes

Antiquities V.2

The moment Joshua and Eleazar the high priest died, Israel began to unravel. Josephus does not soften this. The generation that had conquered Canaan gave way to one that could not ...

JoshuaHoly LandTribes

Noah's Flood in Josephus's Telling

Antiquities I.3

The ark landed in Armenia, and according to Josephus, the locals were still showing off pieces of it in the first century CE. He calls the site Apobaterion (αποβατηριον), "The Plac...

Noah & FloodFloodDivine Punishment

Joseph's Brothers Sell Him Into Slavery

Antiquities II.3-4

Twenty pounds of silver. That was the price of a human life, the amount Joseph's own brothers accepted from a passing caravan of Ishmaelite merchants in exchange for their seventee...

JosephPatriarchsDreams & Visions

God Speaks From Sinai and Gives the Law

Antiquities III.3-5

The mountain was on fire, the sky had turned black, and every person in the camp was convinced they were about to die. That was the scene at Mount Sinai when God spoke the Ten Comm...

MosesSinaiTorahRevelation

Ehud, Deborah, and the First Judges of Israel

Antiquities V.3-4

The pattern that defined Israel for centuries started here: sin, oppression, repentance, deliverance. Then sin again. Josephus traces this brutal cycle through the first judges wit...

JudgesWarWomen of the Bible

Saul's First Victory and His Fatal Mistake

Antiquities VI.3-4

Samuel had judged Israel faithfully for decades, traveling a circuit twice a year to settle disputes. But age caught up with him, and he handed authority to his sons, Joel in Bethe...

KingshipWarSin

Solomon Builds the Temple in Seven Years

Antiquities VIII.3-4

Not a single hammer blow was heard during the entire construction. According to Josephus, Solomon's Temple rose from the earth in total silence, the massive stones fitted together ...

SolomonTempleJerusalem

Elisha Purifies Water and Bears Maul Forty-Two Boys

Antiquities IX.3-4

Elisha inherited Elijah's mantle and immediately proved he was no lesser prophet. His miracles were stranger, more varied, and sometimes more violent than his master's. A widow of ...

ElishaMiraclesProphecy

Josiah Finds the Lost Book of the Law

Antiquities X.3-4

King Josiah was eight years old when he inherited the throne of Judah. His grandfather Manasseh had been the worst king in the nation's history, a man who slaughtered prophets unti...

TorahKingshipProphecyTemple

Three Guards Debate What Is Strongest in the World

Antiquities XI.3

Three bodyguards of King Darius entered a contest that would decide the fate of the Jewish Temple. The king had fallen asleep after a great feast and woke unable to sleep again. He...

WisdomKingshipTemple

The Tobiads Rise to Power Under Ptolemaic Rule

Antiquities XII.3-4

The Tobiads were a Jewish family who became the most powerful tax collectors in the Ptolemaic Empire. And nearly destroyed Judea in the process. Josephus tells the story of Joseph ...

HellenismHoly LandWar

Pilate Smuggles Pagan Standards Into Jerusalem

Antiquities XVIII.3-5

Pontius Pilate moved his troops into Jerusalem at night and brought Roman military standards bearing Caesar's image into the holy city. Every previous governor had known better. Th...

Holy LandTempleWar

The Tower of Babel and the Scattering of Nations

Antiquities I.4

Nimrod wanted revenge on God. That's how Josephus frames the Tower of Babel, not as a confused construction project, but as one man's deliberate act of defiance against the Creator...

BabelNationsSin

The Sin at Baal-Peor and Phinehas's Zeal

Antiquities IV.4

Balaam could not curse Israel. So he taught their enemies how to make Israel curse itself. Before leaving, the prophet gave Balak and the Midianite princes a final piece of advice:...

MosesSinZealotry

David Conquers Jerusalem and Brings the Ark

Antiquities VII.4-5

David never went to war without consulting God first. According to Josephus in Antiquities of the Jews, this was the defining principle of his military career. And when the Philist...

King DavidTempleJerusalemHoly Land

Ezra Reads the Torah and the People Weep

Antiquities XI.4-5

The Temple was rebuilt, but the real crisis was internal. Josephus records that when the returnees from Babylon laid the foundation, the Samaritans, descendants of foreigners whom ...

TorahExileRepentanceTemple

Jonathan Becomes Both High Priest and General

Antiquities XIII.4-6

The Seleucid Empire was tearing itself apart, and Jonathan knew exactly how to exploit it. Josephus records that after Alexander Balas overthrew Demetrius I and claimed the Syrian ...

MaccabeesPriesthoodWar

Antipater the Idumean Rises to Power Under Rome

Antiquities XIV.4-7

The real power behind the Jewish throne in the first century BCE was not a Jew at all. Antipater, an Idumean whose family had converted to Judaism only a generation or two earlier,...

Holy LandWarKingship

Herod Drowns the Young High Priest in a Pool

Antiquities XV.4-6

Herod had the throne, but the Hasmonean family still haunted him. His wife Mariamne was a Hasmonean princess. Her mother Alexandra was relentless in promoting Hasmonean claims. And...

KingshipPriesthoodMurder

The Table of Nations From Noah to Abraham

Antiquities I.5-6

Every nation on earth traces back to one of three men. That's the claim Josephus makes in the Antiquities, and he spends two chapters proving it, mapping the seventy nations descen...

NationsGenealogyPatriarchs

Joseph Resists Potiphar's Wife and Goes to Prison

Antiquities II.5

She faked an illness to be alone with him. That detail, from Josephus's retelling in the Antiquities, transforms a familiar story into something far more calculated. Potiphar's wif...

JosephEgyptDreams & Visions

The Laws of Moses Before His Death

Antiquities IV.5-7

Moses spent his final days doing what he had done since Sinai: giving laws. But these were different. These were the laws of a man who knew he would never cross the Jordan. The mil...

MosesTorahLaw

Gideon Defeats the Midianites With Three Hundred

Antiquities V.5-6

Three hundred men with clay jars and torches routed an army of over a hundred thousand. That is the story of Gideon, and according to Josephus, God designed it specifically so that...

JudgesWarMiraclesFaith

Jonathan Climbs a Cliff and Routs the Philistines

Antiquities VI.5-6

Nahash, king of the Ammonites, had a signature atrocity: he gouged out the right eye of every man he conquered. The logic was military precision, with the left eye covered by a shi...

WarFaithHeroism

Solomon Commands Demons and Talks to Animals

Antiquities VIII.5

Solomon spent seven years building God's house. He spent thirteen building his own. Josephus does not hide the contrast, the Temple had God's help, he writes, which is why it went ...

SolomonDemonsWisdomSupernatural

Naaman the Leper Washes Seven Times in the Jordan

Antiquities IX.5-6

Jehoram, king of Jerusalem, started his reign by murdering all his brothers. Then he married Athaliah, daughter of Ahab, and she taught him to worship foreign gods. It went downhil...

ElishaMiraclesHealing

Nebuchadnezzar Burns the Temple to the Ground

Antiquities X.5-7

The kingdom that Josiah rebuilt fell apart the moment he died. Josephus records that when Pharaoh Neco marched through Judah on his way to fight the Babylonians at the Euphrates, J...

Temple DestructionExileProphecyJerusalem