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He's responding to the claims of a writer named Apion, who seems to have a real bone to pick with the Jews of Alexandria. Apion, you see, is going after the Alexandrian Jews, criti...
The Jewish people have faced that challenge for centuries, and in his work Against Apion, Josephus steps up to the plate to set the record straight against a particularly virulent ...
Philo, a Jewish philosopher living in Alexandria nearly two thousand years ago, offers a fascinating interpretation. He cuts right to the heart of it: the tree isn't just about som...
Philo of Alexandria, that brilliant Jewish philosopher who lived around the time of Jesus, had some pretty compelling ideas about this. And they're not just philosophical musings; ...
That’s the question posed in the ancient text known as The Midrash of Philo, specifically in fragment 22. A seemingly simple question, but one that unlocks a whole world of underst...
It’s a question that’s nagged at theologians and storytellers for centuries. Why does Moses, in the book of Genesis, specifically call out the serpent as being the craftiest of the...
It's easy to see him as just a sneaky snake, but Jewish tradition, especially in the writings we call midrash, often sees things on a deeper, symbolic level. Philo, the 1st-century...
Why on earth did the serpent twist God's words to Eve, claiming, "God has said, 'You shall not eat of every tree in the Garden'" (Genesis 3:1)? God actually said, "You may freely e...
We read it, we move on. But what if there's a whole universe of meaning packed into those few simple words? That's where midrash comes in. Midrash, from the Hebrew root darash, mea...
