Take this one from Sifrei Devarim (Deuteronomy 15:13-14). It deals with releasing a Hebrew servant after six years of service, and the obligation to "bestow upon him" — to give him gifts to start his free life. A sort of severance package, if you will.
The verses read: "And when you send him free from yourself… Bestow shall you bestow upon him…"
But here's the question: does this obligation of bestowing gifts only apply to someone who serves the full six years? What if, for instance, the Jubilee year (Yovel) arrives before those six years are up? Remember, Yovel is that super-Sabbatical year that comes every 50 years, when all indentured servants go free. Or what if the master dies? Or if a Hebrew maidservant shows signs of puberty? Do they still get the "bestowal"?
Sifrei Devarim anticipates this question. It points to the seemingly redundant phrasing: "You shall send him… And when you send him." That repetition, it argues, broadens the scope. It includes those other scenarios – the Yovel, the master's death, the maidservant reaching puberty. Even if they haven't served the full six years, the master is still obligated to bestow gifts upon them.
Pretty neat, right?
But the Torah isn't done yet. What about a servant who basically buys their way out early? Can they just pay the master for the remaining time owed and skip out on their service? Does the master still have to give them gifts in that case?
Sifrei Devarim is clear: No.
The verse says, "And when you send him free from yourself." The key phrase is "from yourself." The sending away has to be an act initiated by the master, not the servant. If the servant is released because they paid to leave, then the obligation of bestowal doesn't apply. The act of release must come from the master's side to warrant the gifts.
It’s fascinating how the Torah, through its interpreters, seems to be thinking several steps ahead. It anticipates potential loopholes and clarifies the intent behind the law. It's not just about the technicalities; it's about the spirit of generosity and fairness.
So, what's the takeaway here? Perhaps it's a reminder that true generosity isn't about fulfilling a legal obligation in the narrowest way possible. It's about exceeding expectations, about going above and beyond what's strictly required. It's about recognizing the inherent dignity of every individual, regardless of their status or circumstances. And, more importantly, acting on that recognition. Are there areas in your life where you could be more generous, more giving, more… willing to bestow from yourself?