Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice (4Q400-407)

3 texts in Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha

Angels Worship at the Throne of Fire

4Q403 1:30-46

The Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice (Shirot Olat HaShabbat (the Sabbath), שירות עולת השבת) may be the most alien-sounding texts in the Dead Sea Scrolls—and that is exactly the point...

AngelsHeavenTempleMerkavah

Seven Angelic Priests in Seven Heavenly Temples

4Q400 1:1-21

The opening song of the Sabbath Sacrifice cycle establishes a structure that would influence Jewish mysticism for centuries: seven heavenly sanctuaries, each governed by an angelic...

AngelsHeavenTemplePrayer

The Heavenly Chariot With Eyes of Fire

4Q405 20-22

The climax of the Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice arrives in the twelfth and thirteenth songs, when the text finally reaches the inner sanctum of the heavenly Temple—and encounters ...

MerkavahAngelsHeavenMysticism