Judah and His Brothers Wage War Against the Amorite Kings

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 133:29

"And he set up there an altar and called it El, God of Israel" (Genesis 33:20). He said, I am god over the upper worlds and you over the lower. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, Even a synagogue official does not seize authority for himself, and you seize authority for yourself! Tomorrow your daughter will go out and be afflicted, as it is written, "And Dinah the daughter of Leah went out" (Genesis 34:1). "And they journeyed, and the terror of God was" (Genesis 35:5). In three places the nations of the world gathered to make war on the children of Jacob, and the Holy One, blessed be He, did not permit them: here, as it says, "and they journeyed, and the terror of God was"; a second time in the days of Jonathan, "and the earth trembled, and it became a terror of God" (1 Samuel 14:15); a third time in the days of Joshua at Hazor. They said, If two of Jacob's sons did this great deed at Shechem, were they all to gather they could destroy the world, and the dread of the Holy One fell upon them. But our Rabbis said: though they did not pursue at that time, after seven years all the kings of the Amorites gathered against the children of Jacob to kill them in the valley of Shechem, when Jacob and his sons returned and settled there. Judah leaped into the ranks of the foot soldiers and first killed Yashuv king of Tappuah, who was armored from head to foot in iron and bronze and rode a horse, hurling spears with both hands. Judah, unafraid of his might, took a stone weighing sixty selas and hurled it, knocked him from the horse, and when the king rose and shattered Judah's shield with his lance, Judah cut off both his legs above the ankles and then his head. As Judah stripped the armor, nine companions came upon him; he killed the first with a stone and stood against the eight, and Levi his brother arrived and killed Eilon king of Gaash, and Judah killed all eight. Jacob their father drew near and killed Zeruri king of Shiloh, and none could stand before the sons of Jacob but only flee, and Judah killed a thousand that day before sunset. The sons of Jacob pursued them into the cities. They captured Hazor and Sartan and Tappuah and Arbel, Judah always first upon the wall, his brothers Naphtali, Gad, Dan, Simeon, Levi, Reuben, Issachar, and Zebulun storming the gates from every side, killing the mighty men and taking the spoil, day after day for five days. On the sixth day all the Amorites came without weapons and bowed before them and begged for peace, and Jacob made peace with them, and they returned all the captured flocks twofold and paid tribute. "And he went to a land away from his brother Jacob" (Genesis 36:6): on account of the bond of debt, and some say on account of the shame; for certainly Esau cleared out his goods before Jacob, yet he did not remove the jealousy from his heart, but "his anger tore perpetually and he kept his wrath forever" (Amos 1:11). Though he went away then, later he came against him in war, in the year Leah died, while Jacob and his sons sat in mourning. Esau came with four thousand mighty men in iron and bronze, with shields and bows and lances, and surrounded the fortress where Jacob and his sons and their two hundred servants were. Jacob stood on the wall speaking words of peace and brotherhood, and Esau would not accept them. Judah said, Father, how long will you prolong words of peace and love while he comes upon us as an enemy to kill us? At once Judah drew his bow and killed Adoram the Edomite, and drew again and struck Esau in the flank, and Esau was wounded by the arrow; his sons carried him off upon the donkey and he died there at Adurim, and some say he did not die there. Then Judah went out first with Naphtali and Gad and fifty servants to the south of the fortress, Levi and Dan and Asher to the east, Reuben and Issachar and Zebulun to the north, and Simeon and Benjamin and Hanoch son of Reuben to the west, fifty servants with each; and Joseph was not there, for he had already been sold.

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