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Isaiah Who Saw Creation Before It Was Finished

Isaiah saw the sky still moving, stretched taut by the same hand that founded the earth. The mountains were already finding their voices.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Both Hands at Once
  2. The Day the Mountains Broke Open
  3. When God Sits with the Judge
  4. The Curtain and the Courtroom

The sky was still moving. That was the thing Isaiah could not unsay. He had stood in the throne room, seen the seraphim cover their faces before the smoke, heard the doorposts shake, and what lodged in him was not only the terror but the specific detail: the heavens were not a ceiling. They were a curtain drawn by a hand that had not yet let go.

Both Hands at Once

When God stretched the heavens at the beginning, the act was not sequential. The right hand spread the sky; the left hand founded the earth (Isaiah 48:13). Both at once, the way a tent goes up: pull one side and the other collapses, so you work them together or the whole thing falls. Isaiah had seen this. Not the memory of it, not a symbol. The actual tension still present in the fabric overhead, the gesture held open by the same attention that first made it.

He wrote it plainly, and plainly no one believed him. The heavens looked finished. They looked like a fact. He kept insisting they looked like a hand.

God's throne was the sky. God's footstool was the ground people walked on (Isaiah 66:1). That meant the furniture was still in use. A throne with someone sitting on it is not an antique. The heavens being stretched was not an event from the distant past. It was a description of the present moment, ongoing, the curtain still trembling at the edge of the hand.

The Day the Mountains Broke Open

But Isaiah's visions did not stop at the mechanics of heaven. They moved forward into sound.

He wrote it in the forty-fourth chapter: sing, heavens, for what the Lord has done; shout, foundations of the earth (Isaiah 44:23). Not an invitation. A report. The heavens were already singing. The foundations were already shouting. And in the fifty-fifth chapter he went further: the mountains and hills would break into song, and all the trees of the field would clap their hands (Isaiah 55:12).

Trees do not have hands. The mountains are not a choir. Isaiah knew this. He wrote it anyway, because he had seen what happened when creation aligned with what it was made for. The whole structure responded. The stone and bark and compressed ancient rock remembered what they were doing there, and the sound came out of them whether they intended it or not.

The nations would see this. They would recognize that Israel's faithfulness had called the response out of the ground. Heaven and earth, the witnesses invoked by Moses at the border of the promised land, had been watching from the start (Deuteronomy 30:19). The singing was their verdict.

When God Sits with the Judge

Isaiah's pairing of justice and praise was not accidental. He had seen enough of both to understand their connection. In the fifty-sixth chapter he issued the command that the later interpreters found most arresting: maintain justice and perform acts of charity (Isaiah 56:1). Not one. Both. Because he knew what happened in the space between them.

When a judge sat down to decide a case, something arrived with him. Not a feeling. A presence. God, as the tradition understood it, descended from the heavens and rested the Shekhinah (שכינה), the divine indwelling, in the place where the judgment was being rendered. This was not metaphor. It was mechanics, the same mechanics Isaiah had watched in the sky. The divine attention that held the heavens open also moved toward the courts of the earth when someone tried to get justice right.

And then sometimes a judge would look at the powerful man in front of him and shift. Not a dramatic corruption. A small lean. A tilt toward the outcome that would cost him less. In that moment the presence withdrew.

The angels felt the gap. They asked what had happened. God told them: "the judge showed favor. So I left."

The Curtain and the Courtroom

This was the connection Isaiah had been trying to make across all his visions. The heavens stretched taut overhead were not decoration. They were participation. Creation was not a backdrop to human history but a register of it, a vast instrument that responded to what people did below. When justice ran clean, the creation felt it. When it stopped, the creation felt that too.

The mountains breaking into song (Isaiah 55:12) and the judge sitting in a courtroom were part of the same sentence. The same logic held them together. What God had built with both hands simultaneously, right and left, sky and earth, held together only as long as the tension was maintained. Let justice go slack and the curtain began to fold. Let the singing stop in the courts and the mountains went quiet in response.

Isaiah was not a cosmic optimist. He watched his people ignore most of what he told them. He watched the courts. He knew what judges did when no one powerful was watching. He wrote down what he had seen in vision anyway, the heavens still being stretched, the trees preparing their hands, the mountains already finding their voices, and he left it there as a record. Not a promise about the future. A report about what was always already true: the creation was built to respond. It had been responding since the right hand and the left hand moved at once. It would go on responding long after anyone who remembered Isaiah's name had gone to dust.


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From the tradition

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The texts this telling draws on, in full. Open a card to read inline, or expand it for a wider, quieter read.

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 18:2Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer

The creation of the heavens and the earth.. it's a story that resonates deep within Jewish tradition, filled with wonder and the sheer power of the Divine. Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a fascinating text of Jewish lore from the early Middle Ages, paints a vivid picture of this very moment. It's not just about the 'what,' but also the 'how' – the very mechanics, if you will, of the cosmos coming into being.

So, how did it happen? According to Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, the Holy One, blessed be He, extended His right hand and stretched forth the heavens. And with His left hand? He founded the earth. Can you This powerful image is beautifully reflected in the verse from (Isaiah 48:13): "Yea, mine hand hath laid the foundation of the earth, and my right hand hath spread out the heavens: when I called unto them, they stood up together."

The text goes on to emphasize that both the heavens and the earth were created simultaneously. – not one before the other, but together, in a moment of perfect harmony. (Genesis 2:1) tells us, "And the heavens and the earth were finished, and all their host."

Here's where it gets really interesting. The text raises a crucial question: Were the heavens and the earth truly "finished" in the sense that they no longer required God's constant care and attention? After all, (Isaiah 66:1) states, "Thus saith the Lord, The heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool." If God’s presence is so intimately intertwined with them, could they ever be truly complete and independent?

The answer, according to Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, lies in understanding the word "finished" in a specific context. They were finished with reference to the original act of creation. The work of bringing them into existence, of calling them forth from nothingness, that was complete. The initial deed, the primordial act, it reached its culmination. Therefore, it is said, "And the heavens and the earth were finished."

It's a subtle but profound point. The creation was complete in its initial act, but the relationship between God and the cosmos remains ongoing, a continuous act of sustenance and providence.

What does this all mean for us? Perhaps it's a reminder that while the universe may seem vast and indifferent, it is, in its very essence, a product of divine intention and care. And maybe, just maybe, we too, are part of that ongoing creation, constantly being shaped and sustained by a force far greater than ourselves.

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Sifrei Devarim 333:2Sifrei Devarim

It's so much bigger. It's cosmic.

The Sifrei Devarim, a legal midrash on the Book of Deuteronomy, opens up a fascinating vista on this idea. It suggests that, in the end, all peoples – all nations – will praise Israel for their steadfast faith. Isn’t that an incredible thought? That the nations of the world will ultimately recognize and praise the dedication of the Jewish people? The Sifrei finds scriptural support for this in the verse: "The nations will praise His people."

The Sifrei doesn't stop there. It asks a powerful question: what about the rest of creation? Does the praise stop with humanity? Absolutely not!

What about heaven and earth? Do they join in the chorus? The answer, according to the Sifrei, is a resounding yes. It points us to (Isaiah 44:23): "Sing, O heavens, for the L-rd has wrought; shout (for joy), foundations of the earth!" The heavens themselves sing, the very bedrock of our world shouts with joy! That’s some powerful imagery. And what of the mountains and hills? Are they silent observers? Again, no! (Isaiah 55:12) tells us: "The mountains and hills will break out in song before You, and all the trees of the field will clap hands." I love that image – the mountains singing, the trees clapping. Creation itself expressing its joy and praise.

Even our ancestors, the forefathers and foremothers, those who came before us, are part of this eternal song. Where do we find this? In (Isaiah 42:11): "The dwellers of the rock will sing; from the peaks of the mountains will they shout." The "dwellers of the rock" – a poetic way of referring to those who came before, perhaps dwelling in caves or remote places – they, too, raise their voices in praise.

So, what does all this mean? It paints a picture of utterly all-encompassing praise. It's not just a human endeavor, confined to synagogues or prayer books. It is the very fabric of creation singing out in unison. The nations, the heavens, the earth, the mountains, the trees, our ancestors – all joining together in a harmony of praise for the Divine.

It makes you think, doesn't it? About our place in this grand cosmic chorus. About the power of praise, and the potential for unity, when we all recognize the source of all that is. It's a beautiful and inspiring thought to carry with us.

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Shemot Rabbah 30:24Shemot Rabbah

The Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, dives deep into this question, particularly in section 30. It all starts with a verse from Isaiah (56:1): “So said the Lord: Maintain justice and perform acts of charity.” But what does it mean to truly maintain justice?

Proverbs (24:23) warns us, "Showing favor in judgment is no good.” The Shemot Rabbah takes this to heart, explaining that when a judge is truthful and just, God, as it were, leaves the heavens and rests His Divine Presence right there with the judge. We find a similar idea in Judges (2:18), "And that the Lord would establish judges for them, and the Lord would be with the judge.”

But! And this is a big "but". the moment a judge shows favoritism, God removes His Divine Presence. The angels, noticing this, ask, "Master of the Universe, what's wrong?" And God replies, "I saw the judge showing favor, so I left." Ouch. (Psalm 12:6) echoes this sentiment: “Because of the robbery of the poor and the groans of the needy, the Lord says: Now I will arise.”

What does God do then? He draws His sword, as it were, to remind everyone that there is a Judge on high. Job (19:29) puts it starkly: “Beware of the sword, for fury by the sword will be for iniquity, so that you will know that there is punishment [shadun]”, though the text notes the word is written shadin, it's pronounced shadun, implying that there is ultimate justice [sheyesh din] in the world.

So, Solomon wisely said, “These too are for the wise: Showing favor in judgment is no good.” Because, as God says, according to Shemot Rabbah, it's really "not good" if He has to forsake you. Nahum (1:7) assures us: “The Lord is good; He is a stronghold on the day of trouble and knows those who take refuge in Him.” That’s why Isaiah urged us to “Maintain justice and perform acts of charity,” so that God might draw close to us, "For My salvation is soon to come."

The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) then turns to the story of Nebuchadnezzar. Remember him? The Babylonian king? When he had a troubling dream, Daniel, whose Hebrew name is Daniel but was also known as Beltshatzar, interpreted it.

the verse says, Daniel knew the dream meant Nebuchadnezzar would be driven away, and he pretended to be afraid. Nebuchadnezzar asked why, and Daniel, in a move some might call audacious, said, “My lord, may the dream be for your enemy, and its interpretation for your foe” (Daniel 4:16). The Shemot Rabbah points out that some see this as Daniel speaking impudently, since Nebuchadnezzar's greatest enemy was arguably God himself, given that he destroyed the Temple and exiled the Israelites.

However, the Midrash suggests Daniel directed his heart to God, wishing the dream upon this "enemy." Nebuchadnezzar then described his dream of a great tree providing food for all (Daniel 4:7, 9), symbolizing a king whose actions could bring life or death. Daniel then advised Nebuchadnezzar to “redeem your sins with charity” (Daniel 4:24).

Now, here's where it gets interesting. God wasn't thrilled with Daniel's advice! Why? Because God had already conveyed the value of charity to Abraham, as Genesis (18:19) says, “For I have known him, so that he will command…[to perform acts of charity].” Was God actually happy to give Nebuchadnezzar an opportunity to atone?

The Shemot Rabbah explains that Daniel's true intention was to help the exiled Israelites. He knew they had left Jerusalem penniless, and by advising Nebuchadnezzar to open his storehouses, he was actually providing for the Jewish refugees. For twelve months, Nebuchadnezzar supported Israel.

But then… Nebuchadnezzar, hearing the sounds of the poor gathering, lamented how his wealth was being wasted and how he wouldn’t have any honor if his property was gone. He locked the storehouses. Instantly, a Divine Voice declared, “While the matter was yet in the mouth of the king, a voice fell from the heavens: [To you it is said, King Nebuchadnezzar, the kingdom is removed from you]” (Daniel 4:28). The charity had kept him in tranquility for those twelve months.

If charity could benefit even the wicked Nebuchadnezzar, how much more so for Israel! Hence, “maintain justice and perform acts of charity.”

The Midrash illustrates this with an analogy of a person entering a province and hearing about a gladiatorial exhibition. Asking a gladiator when it will take place, he's told it's far off. But the one staging the exhibition says it's soon. Why the discrepancy? Because the gladiator doesn't want the exhibition to happen, knowing he'll be killed. Similarly, when Israel asked Balaam when salvation would come, he said, “I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not near” (Numbers 24:17). God’s like, “Don’t you know Balaam doesn’t want My salvation to come? Emulate your patriarch Jacob: “For Your salvation I await, Lord” (Genesis 49:18). Anticipate salvation, as it is near!”

And here’s a powerful idea: it’s not just your salvation that’s coming, but God’s salvation. The text even says, "Had the matter not been written, it would have been impossible to say it." God says to Israel, "If you do not have merit, I will do it for My sake." He is with us in distress (Psalms 91:15), and He will redeem Himself. Isaiah (59:16) says, "He saw that there was no man and He was astonished…[His arm brought salvation for Him].” Zechariah (9:9) adds, "Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion…Behold, your king will come to you; he is righteous and redeemed.” The Midrash emphasizes that it doesn’t say "redeeming," but "redeemed," implying that God will act for His own sake even if we lack merit.

The Midrash concludes with another analogy: a merchant, hearing of robbers on the road, exchanges his merchandise for gems and diamonds, disguising them as cheap glassware. When the robbers stop him, he offers them "two for a sela, three for a sela." They scoff and leave him alone. Later, in the city, he sells the gems for their true value. When the robbers see him, they’re astonished. He explains that he was in a place of death back then, but now, they must pay the true price.

So it is with mitzvot (commandments), good deeds. In this world, we may not fully grasp their reward. But in the World to Come, we'll be astonished by the magnitude of what we've earned. Isaiah (64:3) says, “They never take heed, they did not they listen; no eye has seen [besides You, God, that which He will do for one who awaits Him].” It's not that they haven't heard, but that they can't comprehend the reward in this world.

Therefore, "For My salvation is soon to come, [and My righteousness to be revealed]" (Isaiah 56:1). As Psalms (3:9) declares, “Salvation belongs to the Lord.” And when we perform justice, we bring that salvation closer. Like Yehoshafat, who appointed judges (II Chronicles 19:5), and when the children of Amon and Moav attacked, God waged war for them (II (Chronicles 20:1)5). Just as Moses said, “The Lord will wage war for you” (Exodus 14:14).

So, what does all this mean for us? It means that striving for justice and performing acts of charity aren't just good deeds; they're invitations for God's presence and actions. Even when we fall short, God's salvation is near. And perhaps, most importantly, even our smallest acts of kindness and justice have a value far beyond what we can imagine in this world.

And that, according to the Shemot Rabbah, is truly something to strive for.

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