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Shem Built a City and Japheth Went to the Sea

Shem named his city for his wife on the mountain of the ark. Madai came back later and asked Noah to change his lot.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Cities Named for Wives
  2. Madai Asked for a Better Lot
  3. Canaan Took the Wrong Coast
  4. Japheth Went Toward the Sea

Noah came down off the ark onto wet stone and built an altar before he built a house. Mount Lubar still held the boat behind him. He did not go down to claim a valley. He stayed.

Shem Built a City and Japheth Went to the Sea Click for full size

His sons built near him. The new world began as three families on a mountain, putting up walls for the women who had lived through the flood in a wooden box.

Cities Named for Wives

Shem built his city close to Noah's city on the slope. He named it Sedeqetelebab, after his wife. Noah had already named his own city after his wife on the same slope. Two doors. A walk between a father's house and a son's.

A third city went up to the south and took the name Naelatamak. A fourth, Adataness, watched the west. Four towns near the mountain of the ark, and the names they carried were women's names, household names, the names of wives who had come out of the boat onto a mountain that still needed to be lived in.

Arpachshad was born to Shem two years after the water receded. The earth was still learning how to be dry, and already there was a child who had never seen the flood.

Madai Asked for a Better Lot

When the lots were drawn, Shem received the middle band of the earth, neither the hot share nor the cold one. In that portion sat the Garden of Eden, Mount Sinai, and Mount Zion, three holy places set facing one another, the navel of the earth held for his generations.

Japheth received the north and the islands. Five great islands, and a great land in the cold. Ham received heat. The map was clean until a grandson opened his mouth.

Madai, son of Japheth, did not want his portion. The northern share felt too far from the mountain, too far from Shem, who was his father-in-law. He came to Noah and to Shem and asked for a different piece of the earth than the one that had fallen to him. He wanted a dwelling near his wife's family, closer to the center, away from the cold his grandfather had been given.

They heard him. They gave him land near Persia and the Bactrian country, close enough to Shem's territory to quiet him. He went there. His descendants settled it. The lots had been spoken in front of the holy judge, and still a grandson's preference put a crease in the map.

Canaan Took the Wrong Coast

Canaan, son of Ham, did not ask. He had been given a territory. He did not go to it. He dwelt in the land of Lebanon from Hamath to the entering of Egypt, he and his sons, and the land took his name because he sat down on it.

Noah's grandsons bound themselves by an oath in the presence of the holy judge and in the presence of Noah their father. They cursed Canaan beyond all the sons of Noah for the seizure. He had heard them. He had not hearkened. He stayed on the coast that was not his, and the name Canaan became a marker of a broken border as much as a place on a road.

Ham's other sons took what they had been handed. Cush went furthest east. Mizraim settled west of him. Put further west still. Canaan should have been last, west of Put on the sea of his own portion. He chose a different sea.

Japheth Went Toward the Sea

Japheth did not argue. He took his sons toward the sea and dwelt in the land of their portion, the cold north, the islands, the coasts far from the mountain where the ark still sat like a memory too large to move.

Shem stayed on Lubar a while longer, building close to his father, naming things after the women in his household, watching his sons spread toward the horizons the lots had assigned. He was the son who had once walked backward with a cloak to cover Noah. He built near rather than away. Eden, Sinai, and Zion were in his share, and the line that would run through Arpachshad and Shelah and Eber would one day reach Abraham, but that was still a long walk from a city named for a wife.

Madai had asked and been moved. Canaan had taken and been cursed. Japheth had gone where the lot sent him, toward water that was not the flood. On the mountain, two cities still faced each other across a short slope, a father and a son, the first geography of a washed world measured in the distance between doors.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Book of Jubilees 7:22Book of Jubilees

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Sefaria Community Translation · CC-BY

The familiar picture has Noah stepping off the ark and. well, what? Where did he go? What did he do?

The Book of Jubilees, a text not found in the Hebrew Bible but considered sacred by some, gives us a fascinating glimpse into those early days. It paints a picture of Shem, Noah's son, taking the initiative.

That Shem, instead of wandering aimlessly, actually built a city near his father on a mountain. He even named it after his wife, Sêdêqêtêlĕbâb. Try saying that five times fast! It's a mouthful, but it shows us the importance of family and legacy in this post-diluvian world.

It wasn't just one city. Jubilees goes on to mention that there were actually three cities nestled near Mount Lûbâr. Sêdêqêtêlĕbâb faced east, Na’êlâtamâ’ûk was to the south, and ’Adatanêsês watched over the west. It's a powerful image.

Then, almost as an aside, Jubilees gives us a quick genealogy. "And these are the sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, this (son) was born two years after the flood. And Lud, and Aram." Notice that little detail about Arpachshad being born two years after the flood? It’s a tiny, humanizing touch that makes the story feel so much more real. These weren't just names on a page; they were people rebuilding their lives.

And then, in one last breath, we get a reminder of the larger family tree. "The sons of Japheth: Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan, Tubal and Meshech and Tiras: these are the sons of Noah." It’s a reminder that this wasn't just about one family, one city, but about the repopulation of the entire world.

What strikes me most about this passage is the sense of immediacy. We often think of biblical stories as grand, sweeping narratives. But here, in the Book of Jubilees, we get a glimpse of the nitty-gritty: the building of cities, the naming of children, the slow, painstaking process of starting over. What does it mean to start over? What does it mean to rebuild? Maybe these are questions we're still confronting today.

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Book of Jubilees 10:50Book of Jubilees

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Sefaria Community Translation · CC-BY

Sometimes, stories – powerful, ancient stories – are woven right into the very fabric of the land.

We find one such story in the Book of Jubilees, a fascinating text that expands on the narratives we find in Genesis. It’s considered apocryphal by some, meaning it's not included in the canonical Hebrew Bible, but it offers a unique perspective on early biblical history. And it’s full of drama!

This particular passage focuses on the aftermath of the flood and the division of the world among Noah's sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. Each was given a territory, a destiny. But one of them, well, he didn’t quite stick to the plan.

That would be Canaan, son of Ham. The Book of Jubilees tells us that Canaan was cursed. Not by Noah directly in this version, but by Noah's grandsons. And it was a serious curse. "Cursed art thou, and cursed shalt thou be beyond all the sons of Noah, by the curse by which we bound ourselves by an oath in the presence of the holy judge, and in the presence of Noah our father." Strong words. Why such a harsh condemnation? Because Canaan, according to Jubilees, didn’t settle in the land allotted to him. He had been given a territory, but "he did not hearken unto them, and dwelt in the land of Lebanon from Hamath to the entering of Egypt, he and his sons until this day. And for this reason that land is named Canaan." for a second. The very name of the land, Canaan, is tied to this act of disobedience. It’s a geographical marker, sure, but it’s also a constant reminder of a broken agreement, a defied boundary.

Meanwhile, Japheth and his sons were more obedient. "And Japheth and his sons went towards the sea and dwelt in the land of their portion." They accepted their designated territory and settled there. No drama, just following the divine plan.

But even among the more compliant sons, there was some negotiation. We are told "Madai saw the land of the sea and it did not please him, and he begged a (portion) from Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad, his wife's brother..." So, even within the divinely ordained plan, there was room for some adjustment, some personal preference. Madai wasn’t happy with his initial lot, so he sought permission to settle elsewhere, obtaining it from his relatives.

What does this story tell us? It's not just about ancient geography. It highlights the importance of respecting boundaries, both physical and spiritual. It's about the consequences of defying divine will (or, at least, what was perceived as divine will). The story also touches on the complexities of human nature – the desire for autonomy, the willingness to negotiate, and the potential for both obedience and disobedience.

And the name Canaan? It echoes through the ages, a constant reminder of a choice made long ago, a story etched into the very landscape. How do our choices shape not only our own lives but also the world around us? How do the stories we tell ourselves – and the stories told about us – shape our identities and our destinies?

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Book of Jubilees 9:1Book of Jubilees

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Sefaria Community Translation · CC-BY

Book of Jubilees turns to Noah in the Holy Land.

So, what exactly did Japheth get? According to Jubilees, Japheth and his sons inherited "five great islands, and a great land in the north." Sounds…chilly! The text emphasizes that it's a cold region. Maybe it's the source of all those "winter is coming" memes.

What about Ham, often associated with Africa in these accounts? The Book of Jubilees says, “the land of Ham is hot.” A

Then there's Shem, from whom the Semitic peoples (including the Israelites) are said to descend. His portion? “Neither hot nor cold, but it is of blended cold and heat.” A Goldilocks zone, perhaps? A bit of everything.

Now, things get more granular when we look at how Ham divided his inheritance amongst his sons. This is where the names Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan come into play – names that often correspond to ancient lands and peoples.

Cush received the portion furthest to the east. To the west of him was Mizraim, often linked to Egypt. Further west still was Put, and then, finally, "to the west of him on the sea," Canaan.

What's so compelling about this division? It's not just geography; it's about origins, relationships, and how ancient peoples understood their place in the world. These narratives weren't just dry land surveys, they were origin stories, attempts to make sense of the diversity of humanity and their connection to a shared past.

The Book of Jubilees, in its own way, offers a glimpse into a worldview where land, lineage, and destiny were intertwined. It might not be a scientifically accurate map, but it’s a powerful illustration of how our ancestors wrestled with the big questions: Where do we come from? And how did we all end up here?

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Book of Jubilees 8:30Book of Jubilees

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Sefaria Community Translation · CC-BY

Book of Jubilees turns to Shem's Sacred Inheritance Includes the Garden of Eden.

The Book of Jubilees, in chapter 8, describes the division of the world among Noah's sons after the flood. This wasn't just a geographical exercise; it was a divinely ordained allocation, a sacred trust. And what fell to Shem, the ancestor of the Israelites? A portion to be held "forever unto his generations for evermore." A pretty big deal. Noah, overjoyed by this outcome, recalled his own prophetic words: "Blessed be the Lord God of Shem, And may the Lord dwell in the dwelling of Shem." This wasn't just a blessing; it was a recognition of a special relationship between God and Shem's descendants. But it gets even more intriguing.

Because the text then goes on to pinpoint specific locations… locations considered the most holy of holies. According to Jubilees, Noah knew that three places held unique significance: the Garden of Eden, Mount Sinai, and Mount Zion. Gan Eden, the Garden of Eden – the very place where humanity first walked with God. Then, Har Sinai, Mount Sinai – where the Torah was given, and the covenant between God and Israel was forged. And finally, Har Tzion, Mount Zion – the heart of Jerusalem, the site of the Temple, the earthly dwelling place of the Divine Presence.

The text emphasizes that these three holy places "were created as holy places facing each other." What does that mean, “facing each other?" Some interpret this spatially – literally, geographically. But perhaps it speaks more to a spiritual alignment, a connection of purpose. Eden representing the original, perfect relationship with God; Sinai representing the renewed covenant; and Zion representing the ongoing, present connection.

What's so powerful here is the linking of these three sites – Eden, Sinai, and Zion. It creates a kind of spiritual map, a constellation of holiness. It suggests a continuity, a through-line connecting the beginning of humanity's relationship with God to its ongoing development and expression.

The passage also alludes to eretz yisrael, the Land of Israel, being at the “centre of the navel of the earth.” This imagery, also found in other Jewish texts, highlights the centrality and importance of the land in the divine plan.

These weren't just random locations. They were, and are, points of connection, focal points where the earthly and the divine intersect. And according to the Book of Jubilees, they are all intimately connected to the legacy of Shem and his descendants. How can we connect to these places, even if we can't physically be there?

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