Parshat Bereshit

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Covers the creation of the world in six days, Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, the first sin, Cain and Abel, and the generations from Adam to Noah. Genesis 1:1-6:8.

Trapped at the Red Sea Between Pharaoh and the Waves

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:8

The Israelites certainly did at the Red Sea. Pharaoh’s army was bearing down on them, and the sea was, well, a sea. So what were they supposed to do? Pray? Act? Just give up? The B...

CreationHell/GehennaAdam & EvePatriarchs

What Gave Aaron the Right to Enter the Holy of Holies

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 38:8

What allowed him, a human, to step into the most sacred space? Shemot Rabbah, a treasure trove of biblical interpretations, explores this very question. "This is the matter," it sa...

CreationAngelsNoah & FloodJoseph

Betzalel's Transgression and the Tabernacle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 40:1

This week, we're diving into a fascinating passage from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Exodus. It all starts with God choosing Betzalel to b...

CreationAdam & EveMosesJob

How Betzalel Got His Name and His Divine Wisdom

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 40:2

It centers around Betzalel, the incredibly skilled artisan chosen to build the Mishkan, the Tabernacle, the portable sanctuary that accompanied the Israelites in the desert. The To...

CreationAdam & EveMosesTemple

Go Down for Your People Have Acted Corruptly

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 42:1

The book of Exodus and the sages of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) explore this very idea. In (Exodus 32:7), we read, "The Lord spoke to Moses: Go descend; for your...

CreationHell/GehennaAngelsAdam & Eve

Abraham — The Golden Calf

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 44:9

Today, let’s dive into a powerful story from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, where Moses does just that after the sin of the Golden C...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsMoses

Give Wisdom to the Wise and They Grow Wiser

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 50:2

The ancient rabbis certainly thought so. We find this idea beautifully illustrated in Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. It uses a verse...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodMoses

Why Abraham's Name Spread Like Poured Oil

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 3:1

a passage from Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a commentary on the Song of Songs, that grapples with just that. It all starts with a verse: "By the fragrance of your good oils, your name is ...

CreationNoah & FloodMosesSolomon

Abraham's Fragrance Released When God Said Go

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 3:3

Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic commentary on the Song of Songs, dives deep into the verse where God tells Abraham, “Go you from your land, fro...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Why Some Nations Face Judgment and Others Do Not

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 4:3

The ancient rabbis grappled with this very feeling, this sense that some groups seem to get away with things that others don't. And they found surprising answers in the stories of ...

CreationHell/GehennaNoah & FloodTorah

Man Has Become Like One of Us in Knowing Good and Evil

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 9:2

Then comes that loaded line from (Genesis 3:22): "Behold, the man has become like one of us." Like… one of whom, exactly? This question sparked a fiery debate among the rabbis, cap...

CreationAngelsAdam & Eve

Why Rebecca Was Barren Before the Nations Could Claim Credit

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 14:8

And, as with many ancient mysteries, there's not just one answer, but a tapestry of explanations woven together. One fascinating perspective comes to us from Rabbi Yehuda, quoting ...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsMatriarchs

Little Foxes in the Vineyard and the Nations of the World

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 15:1

It turns out, our ancestors were asking these questions too. to a fascinating passage from Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Song of Songs. The ...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodMoses

The Scarlet Thread That Turned White on Yom Kippur

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 4:8

That feeling is something our ancestors grappled with intensely after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem. And in Shir HaShirim Rabbah, the ancient commentary on Song of Son...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodPatriarchs

God's Garden Is This World and the Next Is Paradise

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 2:1

But Rabbi Yosei bar Rabbi Ḥanina, in Shir HaShirim Rabbah, noticed something…off. He points out that the verse seems disjointed. Shouldn’t it just say "My beloved went down to feed...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveSolomon

A King Listens at Prison Walls as Servants Praise Him

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 12:1

It all starts with a verse from (Song of Songs 8:13): “The one who dwells in the gardens, companions listen to your voice; let me hear it.” Rabbi Natan, quoting Rabbi Aḥa, uses a p...

CreationAngelsNoah & FloodSolomon

Flee My Beloved Like a Gazelle to the Heavenly Hosts

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 13:1

Today, we're diving into Shir HaShirim Rabbah, specifically section 13, to unpack a verse that speaks to this very feeling: "Flee, my beloved, and be like a gazelle or a young deer...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveMoses

Israel as Scattered Sheep Where One Wound Hurts All

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 4:6

They explored the concept of collective responsibility – how the deeds of one individual can affect the entire group. And what they came up with is The Vayikra Rabbah, a Midrash – ...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsJoseph

The Thank Offering and Why It Outlasts All Sacrifices

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 9:1

The Torah portion of Vayikra (Leviticus) dives deep into the intricate world of offerings, and Vayikra Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of Leviticus, sheds light on...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsJoseph

Marriage of Solomon

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 12:5

Rabbi Yudan tells us that for seven long years, as Solomon built the Beit Hamikdash, the Temple, he abstained from wine. A monumental achievement. But the moment he finished, the m...

CreationNoah & FloodMosesKing David

Ten Sins That Bring the Affliction of Tzaraat Upon You

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 16:1

We often think of disease as random, a matter of bad luck. But what if certain behaviors, certain flaws in our character, actually pave the way for illness and hardship? That’s wha...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsMatriarchs

Broken Promises and Betrayal Lead to Bodily Affliction

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 18:3

And, as we often find, the ancient texts of our tradition offer powerful, if sometimes unsettling, insights. Today, we're diving into Vayikra Rabbah 18 – a midrash, a Rabbinic inte...

CreationAngelsNoah & FloodMoses

Aaron — Divine Presence

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 20:4

The passage opens with a quote from the Book of Job: “Does the eagle ascend at your directive?” (Job 39:27). Rabbi Yudan of Gaul uses this verse to ask a powerful question about Aa...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodMoses

Egypt and Canaan as Warnings Against Forbidden Ways

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 23:9

In Vayikra Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic teachings on the Book of Leviticus, we find a powerful exploration of this idea. It all starts with a seemingly simple verse: "You shall...

CreationNoah & FloodJosephMoses

God Remembers the Covenant With Jacob Isaac and Abraham

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 36:1

This question, believe it or not, has occupied Jewish thinkers for centuries. And it all stems from a seemingly simple verse in Leviticus (26:42): “I will remember My covenant with...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsMoses

Jacob's Vow at Bethel and the Promise of Return

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 37:1

Or perhaps put off fulfilling a commitment, thinking, "I'll get to it eventually?" Well, the ancient rabbis certainly had some thoughts on that. to a fascinating discussion from Va...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsMatriarchs

“To their mothers they say — Where is grain and wine

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 2:16

“To their mothers they say: Where is grain and wine? While fainting like corpses in the city squares, while their souls are poured into their mothers' bosoms” (Lamentations 2:12).“...

DeathWomen of the BibleRainNoah & Flood

“All our enemies have opened their mouth against us”

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 3:16

“All our enemies have opened their mouth against us” (Lamentations 3:46).“[All our enemies] have opened [patzu] their mouth against us” – why does peh come before ayin?74The verses...

CreationHumorTragedyAdam & Eve

The Enthronement Of Moses

Philo Life of Moses 1:155-158

It sounds radical, I know. According to some accounts, God bestowed immense honor upon Moses, gifting him dominion over the entire earth, the seas, the rivers – all the elements th...

HeavenMessiahTorahPatriarchs

Wisdom of Yair

Other Texts The Wars of God 2:33

It’s powerful stuff, and not everyone agrees on how much we should explore it. We see this tension reflected in the words of the sage Yair, who seems hesitant to delve too deeply i...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsJoseph

Blessing of Rabbi Shimon

Other Texts The Wars of God 4:2

Jewish mysticism offers us a glimpse, a whisper of understanding, and some of the most fascinating insights come from the Zohar, the foundational text of Kabbalah. And within the Z...

CreationAdam & EveTorahWisdom

Chananiah Saved the Book of Ezekiel From Being Hidden

Other Texts The Wars of God 4:30

It’s a story of intense debate, careful consideration, and a deep commitment to preserving the integrity of Jewish law and thought. It’s a reminder that tradition isn’t static; it’...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaAdam & Eve

Tale of Rashi

Philo The Midrash of Philo 5:1

The verse in question is (Genesis 2:5): "And God made every green herb of the field, before it was upon the earth, and every grass before it had sprung up." Seems a bit… backwards....

Adam & EveHumorPrayerCreation

Philo's Method of Unlocking Meaning from Genesis

Philo The Midrash of Philo 7:1

We read it, we move on. But what if there's a whole universe of meaning packed into those few simple words? That's where midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) comes in. Midras...

CreationAdam & EveTorahSefirot

Noah and the First Humans

Philo The Midrash of Philo 29:2

The ancient rabbis certainly did. They grappled with the nature of prophecy: who gets it, and why? Philo of Alexandria, a Jewish philosopher living in Egypt in the first century CE...

Adam & EveNoah & FloodRepentanceShabbat

Why Noah Found Grace in the Eyes of the Lord

Philo The Midrash of Philo 8:1

Take Noah, for example. The world’s about to be… well, let’s just say thoroughly cleansed. And yet, (Genesis 6:8) tells us, almost as an aside, that Noah "found grace in the sight ...

CreationNoah & FloodDivine justiceHumor

Why the Torah Avoids Naming God's Way Directly

Philo The Midrash of Philo 12:5

It's like we're trying to soften the blow, to create a little distance between the person and the negative action. Well, it turns out this isn't just a quirk of human interaction; ...

CreationHell/GehennaAngelsAdam & Eve

Philo Reads Noah's Ark as an Allegory of the Human Body

Philo The Midrash of Philo 16:4

Philo, a Jewish philosopher living in Alexandria in the first century CE, offers a unique allegorical interpretation of the Torah. And in this particular midrash (rabbinic interpre...

CreationHeavenNoah & Flood

Why All Flesh Was Destroyed and the Parable of a Fallen King

Philo The Midrash of Philo 17:5

The verse in question, from (Genesis 6:13), states that "all things which existed upon the earth shall be consumed." But why? The text grapples with this apparent injustice. One ex...

CreationNoah & FloodMysticismSoul

Kingdom of Noah

Philo The Midrash of Philo 1:1

The Torah tells us plainly: "Enter thou and all thy house into the ark, because I have seen that thou art a just man before me in that generation" (Genesis 7:1). But why? What made...

CreationNoah & FloodRighteousnessKings

Methuselah — The Great Flood

Philo The Midrash of Philo 4:1

The animals are all loaded, the family’s aboard… what’s the hold-up? Well, our sages pondered this very question, and, as they often do, came up with some beautiful and thought-pro...

CreationNoah & FloodDeath

Cosmic Origins of Flood

Philo The Midrash of Philo 4:8

(Genesis 7:4) tells us that the rain fell for this specific duration, but why this particular number? Philo, in his Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), delves into this ver...

CreationNoah & FloodTorahPrayer

Why God Said From Off the Face of the Earth

Philo The Midrash of Philo 4:18

Take, for instance, the verse in (Genesis 7:4): "I will destroy every living substance that I have made from off the face of the earth." (Genesis 7:4) Doesn't that phrasing strike ...

CreationNoah & FloodExile

Philo Reads the Flood as Allegory of the Number Fifteen

Philo The Midrash of Philo 20:1

The Torah tells us, in (Genesis 7:19), about the flood: “And the water overflowed fifteen cubits above all the highest mountains.” Simple enough on the surface. But if we dig a lit...

CreationNoah & FloodFloodDivine justice

Why Beasts Were Remembered Before Cattle on the Ark

Philo The Midrash of Philo 1:5

Take the story of Noah and the Ark. (Genesis 8:1) says, "God remembered Noah, and the beasts, and the cattle…" Beasts before cattle? What's going on here? Philo, the 1st-century Je...

CreationNoah & FloodSoulWisdom

Philo's Two Phases of the Flood - Punishment Then Mercy

Philo The Midrash of Philo 2:2

Philo, a Jewish philosopher who lived in Alexandria in the first century CE, delved into these questions. He wrote extensively on the Torah, often offering allegorical interpretati...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaNoah & Flood

The Flood Began and Ended on the Same Day

Philo The Midrash of Philo 4:2

It's not just a coincidence, you know. Sometimes, it's like the universe is trying to tell us something! Take the story of the Flood, the mabul. According to the Midrash of Philo, ...

CreationNoah & FloodShabbat

Why Noah Waited Forty Days After the Mountaintops Appeared

Philo The Midrash of Philo 6:1

We all know the big picture: flood, animals two-by-two, dove with an olive branch. But what about the timing? Specifically, why did Noah wait a full forty days after the mountainto...

CreationNoah & FloodFloodWisdom