Parshat Beshalach

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The splitting of the Red Sea, the Song of the Sea, the miracle of manna, water from the rock, and the battle against Amalek. Exodus 13:17-17:16.

The Tribes of Reuben and Gad Settle East of Jordan

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 98:15

The story begins with the tribes of Reuben and Gad. As Israel was in the process of conquering and dividing the land, these tribes, as the midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary...

CreationPatriarchsMosesPrayer

How Israel's Clothes Never Wore Out for Forty Years

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 7:11

We often focus on the manna, the miraculous food from heaven. But what about something as basic as clothing? I mean, forty years is a long time. Did their clothes just… last? That'...

AngelsMosesSolomonTorah

Moses and the King of Rabbis

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 9:1

"What was is what will be," it says, "and what was done is what will be done; and there is nothing new under the sun" (Ecclesiastes 1:9). But is that really true? Are we just doome...

MosesKing DavidSolomonTemple

Why God Waited Twenty Generations to Create Abraham

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 11:2

Jewish tradition grapples with this question, especially when it comes to the timing of pivotal moments in our history. And sometimes, the answers are more surprising than you'd ex...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Mena — Rabbi Meir at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 10:1

The book of Ecclesiastes, or Kohelet, grapples with these very human feelings. It observes, "With the increase of good, those who consume it increase; what use is there for its own...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsMoses

Moses Gathers the Elders With a Secret Sign

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:8

The passage we're looking at begins with God instructing Moses: "Go and gather the elders of Israel, and say to them: The Lord, the God of your fathers, God of Abraham, of Isaac, a...

CreationHell/GehennaNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Caleb in Joseph's Time

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:17

We all know the story of the plagues, the parting of the Red Sea, and the triumphant journey to freedom. But was it really the entire nation that crossed over? Pharaoh, in his stub...

JosephMosesProphecyMiracles

Aaron's Staff Becomes a Serpent Before Pharaoh

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:1

It's all there in the book of Exodus, chapter 7, verse 9: "When Pharaoh will speak to you, saying: Provide a wonder for you; then you shall say to Aaron: Take your staff, and cast ...

CreationAngelsAdam & EveNoah & Flood

Behold — Pharaoh at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:9

It wasn't just random chaos, you know. There's a deeply considered, almost… merciful… method to the madness. The Book of Exodus (7:16-17) sets the stage: "You shall say to him: The...

CreationMosesJobProphecy

The Deeper Meaning Behind the Plague of Frogs

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 10:2

We often focus on the what – the frogs, the locusts, the darkness – but sometimes miss the deeper meaning. to one of the more… amphibious plagues and see what the ancient rabbis ha...

CreationJosephMosesDaniel

Lord and the Angels

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:15

The story of the Exodus, as told in Shemot Rabbah, the compilation of rabbinic sermons on the Book of Exodus, gives us a fascinating glimpse into this idea, focusing on the final p...

AngelsAdam & EveJosephMoses

Angels Attend to Samael

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:7

And in Shemot Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic commentary on the Book of Exodus, they offer a powerful, if somewhat unsettling, answer. The verse in question is God's instruction ...

AngelsDemonsJosephMoses

Moses and the Fires of Gehenna of Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 22:1

to a fascinating passage from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, specifically chapter 22, that explores exactly that idea. The verse in ...

Hell/GehennaNoah & FloodJosephMoses

Egypt — Job at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 22:3

It all comes down to what those moments taught us about ourselves and about our relationship with God. to a fascinating passage from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpr...

CreationNoah & FloodJosephMoses

God Executes Justice as Egypt Drowns in the Sea

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 23:9

That feeling, that's what we're diving into today, looking at a passage from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. The passage opens with a...

Hell/GehennaJosephMosesKing David

God Rains Down Bread From Heaven for Israel

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 25:1

We often look around us, to the earth, to other people. But Jewish tradition suggests a different source, a higher source: the heavens. Think about the manna, that miraculous bread...

CreationMosesKing DavidTorah

See That God Has Given You the Shabbat

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 25:11

The Torah tells us in Exodus (16:29), "See that the Lord has given you the Shabbat (the Sabbath); therefore, He gives you on the sixth day bread for two days. Remain each man where...

CreationMosesMiraclesHoly Land

Behind the Scenes of Building the Tabernacle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 33:8

Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, gives us a fascinating glimpse into the behind-the-scenes preparations for this monumental task. It a...

CreationPatriarchsMosesTemple

Three Decisions Moses Made That Matched God's Own Will

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 46:3

The text suggests that these three actions originated from Moses' own reasoning, and, remarkably, his reasoning turned out to be in sync with God's own. The first instance involves...

MosesPrayerMiraclesEgypt

Why Abraham's Name Spread Like Poured Oil

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 3:1

a passage from Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a commentary on the Song of Songs, that grapples with just that. It all starts with a verse: "By the fragrance of your good oils, your name is ...

CreationNoah & FloodMosesSolomon

Your Neck Is Like the Tower of David Built Magnificently

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 4:1

It's filled with poetic imagery, and today we're going to delve into just one verse, (Song of Songs 4:4): "Your neck is like the tower of David, built magnificently. One thousand b...

Hell/GehennaAngelsAdam & EvePatriarchs

When Leaders Die the Flow of Divine Blessing Stops

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 5:2

The ancient rabbis certainly did. In Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Song of Songs, we find a powerful, poignant lesson woven into the seeming...

JosephMosesKing DavidMiracles

Who Is Worthy to Speak of God's Laws and Invoke His Name

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 16:4

But the ancient Rabbis wrestled with this idea, and their insights are surprisingly relevant even today. The passage begins by quoting (Psalms 50:16): "But to the wicked one, God s...

Noah & FloodMosesKing DavidElijah

Moses and the Heavenly Realms of Hadrian

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 25:5

The book of Job asks, "Who set wisdom batuḥot?" (Job 38:36). The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), specifically Vayikra Rabbah, explores this, asking, what even is batuḥo...

HeavenMosesJobMiracles

Midrash Tanchuma, Vaera 3

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vaera 3

When Pharaoh shall speak unto you, saying: “Show a wonder for you” (Exod. 7:9). He will be making a reasonable request to you. You find in the case of Noah, that though He said to ...

Noah & FloodMosesMiraclesEgypt

Midrash Tanchuma, Beshalach 21

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Beshalach 21

And Moses said unto Aaron: “Take a jar and put an omerful of manna therein” (Exod. 16:33). I would not know of what substance the jar was fashioned, whether of silver or of gold or...

MosesNoah & FloodMiraclesMusic & Song

Mordecai's Dream of Two Dragons and Haman's Hatred

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Chronicles of Jerahmeel LXXIX

The hatred between Haman the Amalekite and Mordecai the Jew had deep ancestral roots. According to the Chronicles of Jerahmeel, a 12th-century Hebrew chronicle translated by Moses ...

FloodExileHeavenWar

Asmodeus Confesses His Nature and Hatred of Solomon

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Testament of Solomon 31-42

Solomon pressed Beelzeboul further. "If you want a respite from your labor, tell me about the things in heaven." The prince of demons leaned forward. "If you burn gum, incense, and...

SolomonAsmodeusDemonsCosmology

Pillars of Fire and Cloud of Daughter

Kabbalah Tikkunei Zohar 75:2

The Tikkun (spiritual repair)ei Zohar, a companion to the Zohar, that mystical masterpiece of Kabbalah, suggests exactly that. In its 75th Tikkun, it unveils a hidden dimension wit...

CreationMysticismMerkavah

How Jews Used Torah Verses as Magical Spells

Kabbalah & Mysticism Jewish Magic and Superstition, Ch. 8

The most widely practiced form of Jewish magic required no special training, no secret names, no angelic invocations. It required only a Bible. As Joshua Trachtenberg documented, m...

Magic & the SupernaturalTorahSupernaturalKing David

Betheirah says — The Holy One Blessed be He said to him — I

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:6

Rabbi Yehudah ben Betheirah offered a teaching that collapses the distance between God's promise and its fulfillment at the Red Sea. God told Moses: "I have already fulfilled My pr...

PatriarchsCovenantHoly Land

The sages say — He wrought with them for His name's sake, viz

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:13

The sages offered a bold explanation for why God split the Red Sea for the Israelites. It was not primarily for Israel's sake. God acted for the sake of the divine Name itself. The...

ProphecyWisdomHumor

Azaryah says — In the merit of their father Abraham I will

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:15

Rabbi Elazar ben Azaryah taught that God split the Red Sea for the Israelites in the merit of their forefather Abraham. His proof comes from a sweeping passage in (Psalms 105:42-43...

PatriarchsCharityAbrahamKing David

Yehudah of Bortutha says — In the merit of the tribes I will

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:16

Rabbi Eliezer ben Yehudah of Bortutha declared that God split the Red Sea in the merit of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribal structure of the nation — not the faith of any sin...

CharityTribesKing DavidPsalms

Shimon of Kitron says — In the merit of the bones of Joseph

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:19

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael preserves a remarkable teaching by Shimon of Kitron about why God split the Red Sea for Israel. The answer has nothing to do with Moses raising his st...

CharityJosephKing DavidPsalms

Nechemiah says — Because of the thunders on high, the pivots

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 6:15

Rabbi Nechemiah painted a vivid picture of the chaos that engulfed the Egyptian army at the Red Sea. When God unleashed thunder from the heavens, the physical world below shattered...

CharityKing DavidPsalmsTzedakah (Charity)

I shall sing to the L–rd," who is wise—(Mishlei 2 — 6) "For

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 1:18

The Mekhilta adds another dimension to the Song of the Sea: "I shall sing to the Lord," who is wise. Not merely knowledgeable or clever — wise in the absolute sense. All wisdom tha...

ProphecyWisdomKings

Variantly — "My strength" is "My stronghold," as it is

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 3:2

The Song of the Sea, sung by Israel after crossing the Red Sea, contains the phrase "my strength." The Mekhilta offers an alternative reading that deepens the meaning considerably....

ProphecyCharityMusic & SongKing David

I might think that He (actually) required one of all these

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 4:3

The Torah declares, "The Lord is a man of war; the Lord is His name" (Exodus 15:3). This verse, from the Song of the Sea, prompted the Mekhilta to address a potential misunderstand...

WisdomWarHumor

Variantly — "You have guided them in Your strength"—in the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 9:10

The Mekhilta offers an alternate reading of "You have guided them in Your strength." Here, "strength" does not refer to the Torah. It refers to the kingdom of the house of David. G...

KingsKabbalahKing David

Variantly — When Israel crossed the Jordan, all the kings of

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 9:23

The Mekhilta offers a variant tradition that shifts the scene from the Red Sea to the Jordan River. When Israel crossed the Jordan into the Promised Land, all the kings of Canaan b...

PrayerHoly LandKingsTribes

And the L–rd showed him a tree" — R

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 1:16

The Mekhilta records a debate about what tree God showed Moses at Marah to sweeten the bitter waters. The verse says simply "And the Lord showed him a tree" — but which tree? The r...

WisdomJoshuaHealingGarden of eden

God Compared Israel Unfavorably to Serpents

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Numbers 21

After Aaron died, the protective Cloud of Glory vanished. Amalek, who had disguised himself by taking the throne of Arad, saw his opportunity. The Targum's version of (Numbers 21) ...

Holy LandWomen of the BibleAdam & EveSerpent

Exempla of the Rabbis, Tale 393

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 393

12. Rabbi Joshua b. Levi and the prophet Elijah travelled together although the prophet said R. Joshua would see things which he would not understand. The first night they slept at...

AngelsTorahCharity

Alexander Legend

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 5

Alexander Legend. J. Aboda Zara, III, 1. Midr. Psalms, 93, 6. Numb. R. ch. 13. cf. Ps. Callisthenes II, ch. 38 and 41. cf. Hebrew Alexander Legend ed. Gas ter, Romance of Alexander...

KingsCharityTribesKing David

Portals of Future Jerusalem

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 201

The Prophet Elijah, who never died but was taken up to Heaven in a chariot of fire (2 Kings 2:11), was known to appear to the righteous in moments of great need. One such visit was...

TempleHoly LandJerusalem

Midrash Tanchuma, Beshalach 18

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Beshalach 18

And Moses led Israel onward from the Red Sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur (Exod. 15:22). The wilderness of Shur is actually the wilderness of Kazab. They say that...

DeathAdam & EveExodusJonah

Midrash Tanchuma, Kedoshim 7

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Kedoshim 7

(Lev. 19:23:) “Now when you come into the land and plant any tree for food.” This text is related (to Zech. 8:11-12), “But now [I will not treat the remnant of this people] as in t...

TorahAdam & EveSinHumor