Parshat Masei

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A review of the Israelites' forty-two journeys through the wilderness, the borders of the Promised Land, and cities of refuge. Numbers 33:1-36:13.

Thus We Find That They Went Back the Distance

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 1:3

Thus we find that they went back (the distance of) three journeys (at Moses' behest), viz. (Numbers 33:8-10) "And they journeyed from Pi Hachiroth … And they journeyed from Marah a...

MosesMiraclesDeathHoly Land

The High Priest's Mother Fed the Man Who Killed

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 788

In ancient Israel, a person who killed someone by accident did not go free. Neither was he executed. He ran for his life to one of six cities of refuge, and the roads that led ther...

Divine justiceDeathMosesPrayer

Cities of Refuge for the Accidental Manslayer

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 180:7

Sifrei Devarim turns to Cities of Refuge for the Accidental Manslayer. These weren't just any cities. They were specifically designated places, offering protection to someone who h...

Holy LandDivine justiceKabbalahAdam & Eve

Cities of Refuge and Their Expanding Boundaries

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 788:8

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah turns to Cities of Refuge and Their Expanding Boundaries. Abaye, a prominent Babylonian Talmudic scholar, steps in to smooth things over. He says, "This is ...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaTorah

Moses Establishes Cities of Refuge East of the Jordan

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 6:117

It's an idea deeply rooted in our tradition, and it takes center stage in the story of the cities of refuge. We find ourselves with Moses, nearing the end of his life, and the two ...

MosesTorahHoly LandJudgment

Moses and the Promised Land of Jordan

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 787:17

The Torah provides a fascinating and compassionate solution: cities of refuge, places where an unintentional manslayer could flee and find sanctuary. But how did these cities work,...

MosesHoly LandTribesDan

Parashat Masei These Are the Journeys of the Children of Israel

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 786

Parashat Masei These are the journeys of the children of Israel. The Lord said to Moses, "Write down the journeys that the Israelites have taken in the wilderness, so that they may...

HolidaysMosesEgyptExodus

Moses Studies Torah of Jordan

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 787:12

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah turns to Moses Studies Torah of Jordan. Well, it all stems from an earlier verse: "Then Moses set apart three cities." We know Moses established these citie...

MosesTorahHoly LandExile

Cities of Refuge and the Sun That Shines for the Murderer

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 2:30

It might seem like a niche legal issue, but within it lies a profound understanding of justice, forgiveness, and even the nature of hope itself. In Deuteronomy, we read, "Then, Mos...

CreationMosesProphecyHoly Land

Abraham Sees the Land of Israel in a Dream

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha 1QapGen 19:7-21:22

The Genesis Apocryphon transforms Abraham from a terse biblical figure into a vivid first-person narrator. In the Aramaic retelling of Genesis 13, Abraham climbs to a high place af...

PatriarchsHoly LandDreams & VisionsCovenant

When Did the Children of Israel Eat the Pesach

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 7:27

(Exodus 12:14) "And this day shall be for you as a remembrance": The day which is a remembrance for you, you celebrate. But we have not yet heard which day it is (that is a remembr...

MosesHoly LandEgyptPassover

Egypt Was Crying While Israel Was Singing at the Same Moment

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 16:33

Rabbi Nathan offered a striking interpretation of the word bakosharoth from (Psalms 68:7), "He takes out the bound bakosharoth." Rather than reading it as a single word, he split i...

RedemptionMosesDivine justiceCharity

That the People Had Fled Now Had They Fled

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 2:13

Pharaoh was told "that the people had fled" (Exodus 14:5). But had Israel actually fled? The Torah itself states in (Numbers 33:3) that "on the morrow of the Pesach, the children o...

MosesHoly LandEgyptHumor

On the Fifteenth Day of the Second Month Why

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 2:4

Variantly: "on the fifteenth day of the second month": Why is "day" mentioned? To know on which day the Torah was given to Israel. (Rosh Chodesh of the) Nissan on which Israel left...

TorahMosesShabbatHoly Land

Protecting Orphans and Levite City Boundaries

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 787:9

It's a real grab bag of topics, from protecting orphans to the boundaries of Levite cities. "And one prince," the verse says. Rav Giddel, quoting Rav, asks a crucial question: how ...

TorahTempleShabbatDeath

Cities of Refuge and the Boiling Heart of the Avenger

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy 19

Targum Jonathan transforms the dry legal code of (Deuteronomy 19) into something visceral. Where the Torah simply warns that the blood avenger might overtake a fleeing killer, the ...

TorahHumorCommandmentsViolence

A Good Name Travels Farther Than the Ark of God

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 1:3

Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai, a prominent figure in the Zohar (the foundational text of Jewish mysticism), puts it this way: a good name is more beloved than the Ark of the Covenant itse...

Noah & FloodMosesKing DavidJob

When You Cross the Jordan to the Land of Canaan

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Masei 11

(Numb. 35:9–11:) “And the Lord spoke [unto Moses, saying], ‘Speak unto the Children of Israel, and say unto them, “When you cross the Jordan to the Land of Canaan, you shall provid...

DeathViolenceAdam & EveMoses

Jacob and the Patriarchs of Jordan

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 29:21

The Book of Jubilees, also known as the Lesser Genesis, is an ancient Jewish text that retells the stories of Genesis, but with some extra details. Think of it like a director's cu...

PatriarchsHoly LandJacobTribes

Israel Crossed the Jordan and Conquered the Hills

Apocrypha Book of Judith 5:18

The narrative unfolds, telling us how they crossed the Jordan River. crossing a major river, claiming land, establishing themselves. This wasn't a peaceful transaction. "They posse...

RepentanceHoly LandTribesDan

River Jordan in the Holy Land

Apocrypha Letter of Aristeas 1:115

Tucked within this letter are some intriguing observations about the land itself. One thing that really stood out to the author was the importance of population distribution. They ...

Holy LandTribesAdam & EveKabbalah

Jonathan Springs an Ambush at the Jordan River

Apocrypha The Book of Maccabees I 9:43

The Book of Maccabees I turns to Jonathan Springs an Ambush at the Jordan River. Then, all at once, they sprang into action! The Book of Maccabees I 9 tells us that Jonathan and hi...

King DavidHoly LandShabbatDeath

Abraham Journeys to Philistine Territory

Book of Jasher Jasher 20

One of those: a chapter from the Book of Jasher. The Book of Jasher isn't part of the Tanakh. Its authenticity and origins are disputed by scholars. But it's a fascinating text non...

AngelsPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Adam Fasted Forty Days in the Jordan River

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:86

Our ancestor Adam, the first human, knew that feeling intimately after his transgression. And the story of how he atoned is truly remarkable. In Legends of the Jews, a monumental w...

Adam & EveHoly LandTribesDan

Zelophehad's Daughters and Moses's Appeal to God

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:50

The one who led the Israelites out of Egypt, received the Ten Commandments…even he had moments where he had to turn to a higher power for guidance. The Legends of the Jews, that in...

MosesTorahHoly LandSacrifice

Zelophehad and the Fires of Gehenna

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:118

They confessed their sin, thinking that should be enough. But here's the thing: true repentance isn't just saying you're sorry. It's about changing your actions. God, in his infini...

Hell/GehennaNoah & FloodMosesRepentance

Zelophehad's Vision

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 6:75

Legends of the Jews turns to Zelophehad's Vision. The Israelites are on the cusp of entering the Promised Land. After generations of wandering, the dream is finally within reach. M...

JosephHoly LandDeath

Covenant of Moses of Jordan

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 6:137

He led the Israelites through the desert for forty long years, endured hardship after hardship, and finally, finally, the Promised Land was within sight. But he wasn't going to be ...

CreationHeavenMosesTorah

The Jordan Parts for Joshua Just Like the Red Sea

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:7

It wasn't exactly smooth sailing, let me tell you. According to Legends of the Jews, the moment was ripe with miracles, all designed to solidify Joshua's authority in the eyes of t...

Noah & FloodMiraclesHoly Land

Everything Happened at Once on the Day Israel Crossed Jordan

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:9

All sorts of momentous events piled up on a single day. This was the very day the Israelites crossed the Jordan River. Can you picture it? After forty years of wandering, they fina...

Hell/GehennaAngelsMosesTorah

Joshua Crosses the Jordan and Conquers Canaan

Josephus Antiquities V.1

Joshua inherited an impossible job, replace the greatest prophet in history and lead a nation of former slaves into enemy territory. According to Josephus, he did not hesitate for ...

JoshuaHoly LandWarMiracles

A Father's Question at the Edge of the Jordan

Kabbalah Tikkunei Zohar 85:7

The Tikkunei (spiritual repair) Zohar, a profound and often enigmatic companion to the Zohar, that foundational text of Kabbalah, touches on just that feeling. It tells a story, a ...

JobTorahHoly Land

When Israel Crossed the Jordan, All the Kings

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 9:23

The Mekhilta offers a variant tradition that shifts the scene from the Red Sea to the Jordan River. When Israel crossed the Jordan into the Promised Land, all the kings of Canaan b...

PrayerHoly LandKingsTribes

Long Before the Conquest, Long Before Joshua Crossed the Jordan, God

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:20

The phrase "until Dan" appears in the vision God granted Moses from Mount Pisgah (Deuteronomy 34:1). But the Mekhilta raises an obvious problem: at the time of Moses, the land had ...

PatriarchsHoly LandTribesDan

When the Jordan River Parted for Joshua and Israel

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 114:5

Midrash Tehillim turns to When the Jordan River Parted for Joshua and Israel. The text pointedly asks, "What is the value of the Jordan, and what does it matter to him? Were people...

PatriarchsMosesHoly Land

Rabbi Yochanan Witnesses the Miracle at the Jordan

Midrash Aggadah Pesikta DeRav Kahana 11:13

The Pesikta DeRav Kahana, a collection of Midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) teachings, gives us a glimpse, almost a first-hand account. Rabbi Yochanan, a prominent sage,...

CreationJosephPrayerMiracles

Jacob's Family Journeys Back to Isaac in Hebron

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 38:5

The story in Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer paints a pretty vivid picture. The scene: Jacob, with his sons, grandsons, wives, the whole shebang, journeys to Kirjath Arba, wanting to be nea...

PatriarchsTorahHoly Land

Knowledge and Innocence of Jordan

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 787:5

The Israelites certainly did as they stood poised to enter the Promised Land. “And they camped by the Jordan,” the Torah tells us (Numbers 22:1). But what exactly was this Jordan R...

Adam & EveHoly LandTribesDan

How Water Defines the Boundaries of the Holy Land

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 787:7

The tradition grapples with this question in fascinating ways, especially when you bring the sea into the equation. The Yalkut Shimoni, a compilation of rabbinic commentary on the ...

JosephHoly LandEgypt

Moses Begs God to Reveal If He Will Cross the Jordan

Sifrei Bamidbar Sifrei Bamidbar 134:5

" Va'ethchanan is a term loaded with entreaty, a heartfelt plea. Moshe isn't just asking; he's begging. The text then throws us a little curveball: "Let 'to say' not be written." W...

CreationHeavenJosephKing David

Jordan — Covenant of Moses

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 29:6

Sifrei Devarim turns to Jordan — Covenant of Moses. The verse in Devarim, Deuteronomy, says, "for you shall not cross this Jordan." It seems harsh, doesn’t it? After leading the Is...

Adam & EveMosesHoly Land

Every Place Your Feet Tread and Its Boundaries

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 51:1

It is often remembered as a clearly defined space, but the ancient texts offer a more nuanced, even dynamic, picture. It's not just about drawing lines on a map. It's about the Jew...

King DavidTorahHoly Land

Crossing the Jordan and Knowing the Land Is Yours

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 57:1

"When you cross the Jordan." Just six words, really. "Ki ta'avrun et ha-Yarden." But packed inside is a promise, a destiny, and a whole lot of hope. What's it all about? Well, it c...

Holy LandTribesMusic & SongSin

Cities of Refuge for Those Who Kill by Accident

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 187:8

Someone accidentally causes another person’s death. A tragedy, no doubt. But what happens next? What does justice look like? The Book of Deuteronomy, or Devarim in Hebrew, lays out...

Holy LandJudgmentViolenceDivine justice

Jordan River in David's Court

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 357:16

Sifrei Devarim turns to Jordan River in David's Court. The book of Sifrei Devarim, a collection of early rabbinic legal interpretations on the book of Deuteronomy, offers us a glim...

King DavidHoly LandJudgesTribes

Joseph's Name and Joshua's Crossing of the Jordan

Midrash Aggadah Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Genesis 30:23

Rachel finally bore a son. She named him Joseph, from the Hebrew asaph, "to gather away" (Genesis 30:23). The Targum Pseudo-Jonathan turns her naming into a prophecy about a river ...

Women of the BibleProphecyParentingExile

Three Levels of Ritual Impurity and Their Boundaries

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 7:8

Specifically, Bamidbar Rabbah 7 explores the verse in (Numbers 5:2), "Command the children of Israel, that they send out of the camp every leper, and every one that hath an issue, ...

HeavenNoah & FloodTempleRepentance

When the Daughters of Zelophehad Taught Moses New Law

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 21:12

That even the greatest among us can have their moments of… well, let’s call it humility. It’s a section that explores how even Moses, the ultimate lawgiver, experienced moments whe...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsJoseph