Parshat Miketz

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Pharaoh's dreams, Joseph's rise to power in Egypt, the famine, and the brothers' first journey to Egypt. Genesis 41:1-44:17.

Issachar — Rabbi Meir at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 94:7

I was reading in Bereshit Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Genesis, and I stumbled across just such a moment. It revolves around a rather pointed exc...

CreationPatriarchsJosephHoly Land

The Missing Seventieth Person in Jacob's Family Count

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 94:9

The verses state, "All the people who were coming with Jacob to Egypt, the products of his loins, aside from the wives of Jacob's sons; all the people were sixty-six" (Genesis 46:2...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsMatriarchs

Jacob's Deathbed Plea to Be Buried in Canaan

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 96:2

What it means to truly come "home?" The Torah touches on this very human longing as Jacob, nearing the end of his life, makes a heartfelt request of his son, Joseph. "The time for ...

CreationPatriarchsJosephKing David

What Jacob's Blessing of Joseph Really Meant

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 97:2

The Torah portion Vayechi, at the very end of Genesis, gives us a glimpse into that very idea. Jacob, on his deathbed, blesses his sons. And when he blesses Joseph, it says, "He bl...

PatriarchsJosephMiraclesWisdom

Elazar — Joshua at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 97:3

Our Sages, delving deep into the Torah, grapple with this very idea in Bereshit Rabbah 97, a section of the ancient Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary). They begin with a ve...

CreationAngelsPatriarchsJoseph

Joseph and Creation of Rabbis

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 98:7

It's (Genesis 49:9): “Judah is a lion cub; from prey, my son, you ascended. He crouches, lies like a lion, and like a great cat, who shall rouse him?” Right away, the image of a li...

CreationJosephKing DavidMessiah

Joseph and Creation of Potiphar

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 98:19

It’s a universal feeling, and it echoes even within the ancient texts of our tradition. The verse in question is (Genesis 49:23), part of Jacob's blessing to his sons: "They embitt...

CreationJosephKing David

Joseph's Struggle With Potiphar's Wife Revisited

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 98:20

We all know the story of Joseph and Potiphar's wife, but the ancient rabbis saw layers of complexity there, hints of struggle just beneath the surface. to a fascinating passage fro...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Joseph Weeps and Falls Upon His Father's Lifeless Face

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 100:3

The sages grappled with this question, and their answers reveal fascinating insights into divine justice and human fallibility. Our story begins, as it often does, in the Book of G...

CreationPatriarchsJosephProphecy

Expectation — Pharaoh at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 1:23

The Book of Proverbs nails it: "Expectation deferred sickens the heart" (Proverbs 13:12). But what does that really mean, especially when we're talking about something bigger than ...

CreationAngelsMosesSolomon

David and Joseph of Rabbis

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 6:7

Take the mitzvah, the commandment, of shiluach haken, sending away the mother bird before taking her eggs or young. It appears in (Deuteronomy 22:6-7), and it's all about compassio...

JosephKing DavidElijahProphecy

How Abraham and Moses Read Torah to the People

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 7:8

Take reading from the Torah, for example. The verse we're looking at is from (Deuteronomy 29:2): "Moses summoned all Israel, and he said to them: You have seen everything that the ...

HeavenPatriarchsJosephMoses

Pharaoh — Moses in the Wilderness

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:14

The scene: Pharaoh, terrified by the growing Israelite population, issues a horrifying command to the Hebrew midwives. "When you deliver the Hebrew women," he says, "and you see th...

CreationMosesProphecyMiracles

Hebrew Women Give Birth Like Wild Animals

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:16

The Torah tells us that Pharaoh, increasingly paranoid about the growing Israelite population, ordered the Hebrew midwives to kill all newborn baby boys (Exodus 1:16). But the midw...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodJoseph

Pharaoh — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:23

We all know the basics: baby Moses in a basket, found by Pharaoh's daughter. But what if I told you there's a whole world of interpretation swirling around just a few verses? to on...

CreationAngelsMosesKing David

Pharaoh's Compassion

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:24

Take this one from (Exodus 2:6), describing Pharaoh’s daughter discovering the infant Moses adrift in the Nile: "She opened it and saw the child [yeled], and behold, a boy [na’ar] ...

CreationHeavenAngelsMoses

Moses Leaves Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:27

That’s the kind of feeling that propelled Moses into his destiny. to the book of Exodus, specifically Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of Exodus. It all star...

MosesJobEgypt

Moses Kills an Egyptian and Is Betrayed by Two Hebrews

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:30

The story goes that Moses, having slain an Egyptian taskmaster, intervenes in a quarrel between two Hebrews. And what does he get for his trouble? A stinging rebuke: "Who appointed...

MosesMessiahRepentanceWisdom

Moses Returns to Jethro Before Going to Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 4:3

Even some of the biggest figures in Jewish history felt that way. Shemot Rabbah, a classic collection of Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic interpretations on the Book of...

MosesJobTorahProphecy

Moses and Aaron Walk Into Pharaoh's Court

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:15

That feeling isn't new. It goes all the way back to Moses and Aaron facing down Pharaoh in the book of Exodus. : They’re walking into the lion's den, asking the most powerful ruler...

MosesTempleHoly LandEgypt

Moses and Creation of Pharaoh

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:22

It’s a moment of raw honesty from Moses himself. The story begins after Moses relays God's message to Pharaoh – the one demanding freedom for the Israelites. Instead of freedom, Ph...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsMoses

Ezekiel — Moses and the Dreamer

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 6:5

(Exodus 6:9) tells us, "Moses spoke so to the children of Israel, but they did not heed Moses because of lack of spirit, and because of hard labor." Can you blame them? They’d been...

JosephMosesProphecySoul

The Power of Words to Command and to Harm

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 7:1

The ancient rabbis certainly thought words held immense power, for good and for ill. to a fascinating interpretation of a verse in Exodus, as explored in Shemot Rabbah, a compilati...

CreationJosephMosesSolomon

God Sets Moses as a God over Pharaoh

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 8:3

The Book of Exodus tells us the what – ten devastating plagues – but it's the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), those ancient rabbinic interpretations, that delve into th...

MosesProphecyEgypt

Aaron's Staff Becomes a Serpent Before Pharaoh

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:1

It's all there in the book of Exodus, chapter 7, verse 9: "When Pharaoh will speak to you, saying: Provide a wonder for you; then you shall say to Aaron: Take your staff, and cast ...

CreationAngelsAdam & EveNoah & Flood

Aaron — Pharaoh and the Lawgiver

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:2

But in the story of the Exodus, a staff becomes a symbol of divine power, a tool for liberation, and, surprisingly, a way to deal with really stubborn people. The book of Shemot Ra...

MosesKing DavidMiraclesHoly Land

Why Moses and Aaron Are Listed in Different Orders

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:5

It might seem trivial, but sometimes, the order of things speaks volumes. Think about when Moses and Aaron first approach Pharaoh. The verse in (Exodus 7:10) tells us, "Moses and A...

Adam & EveJosephMosesMiracles

Pharaoh in Paradise

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:8

It's not just about historical record; it's about understanding the nature of arrogance and divine justice. The book of Exodus tells us, "Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he did n...

Adam & EveMosesSolomonEgypt

Behold — Pharaoh at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:9

It wasn't just random chaos, you know. There's a deeply considered, almost… merciful… method to the madness. The Book of Exodus (7:16-17) sets the stage: "You shall say to him: The...

CreationMosesJobProphecy

The Plague of Blood and the Magicians' Feeble Imitation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:11

The Torah tells us, "The magicians of Egypt did so with their spells; and Pharaoh's heart hardened, and he did not heed them, as the Lord had spoken” (Exodus 7:22). But what does "...

CreationJosephMosesProphecy

How Long Each Plague Lasted in the Land of Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:12

The Torah isn't always explicit about timing, and sometimes, a seemingly simple phrase can unlock a whole world of debate. Take (Exodus 7:25): "Seven days were completed, after the...

MosesMiraclesEgyptJudgment

Birth of Pharaoh of Moses

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 10:5

We read the story of the plagues, and it can feel like a foregone conclusion, like Pharaoh was just cartoonishly stubborn. But there were moments... moments where the pressure was ...

Hell/GehennaMosesTempleEgypt

Rise Early and Stand Before Pharaoh at the Water

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 11:1

Sometimes, it's not about luck at all, but about seizing the moment. And in Jewish tradition, the story of Moses and Pharaoh offers a powerful lesson in just that. In (Exodus 8:16)...

MosesSolomonJobTemple

God Sends All His Plagues Against Pharaoh's Heart

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 12:1

The scene: Moses is tasked with confronting Pharaoh yet again. God tells Moses, "Rise early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say to him: So said the Lord, God of the H...

MosesJobProphecySoul

Moses Marks the Wall to Predict the Hail

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 12:2

The Torah tells us, "Behold, I will rain down tomorrow at this time very severe hail, that there has not been like it in Egypt since the day it was founded until now" (Exodus 9:18)...

JosephMosesJobProphecy

Why God Hardened Pharaoh's Heart Again and Again

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 13:1

It’s a question that our sages grappled with, and the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) in Shemot Rabbah offers a fascinating perspective, connecting it to the story of th...

CreationHeavenMosesSolomon

Pharaoh — Moses and the Holy Sanctuary

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 13:5

The passage centers around (Exodus 10:10), where Pharaoh says, "So let the Lord be with you, when I will let you and your children go; see that evil is facing you." It seems like a...

MosesTempleEgypt

Moses and Pharaoh's Final Tense Negotiation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 14:4

It's so much more than just a simple "Let my people go!" narrative. Take, for instance, the exchange in (Exodus 10:24-29). It's a masterclass in negotiation, divine will, and maybe...

MosesTempleEgyptSacrifice

The Snake Analogy and Why Israel Needed Redemption Now

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:17

And it's a theme that resonates deeply within Jewish tradition, especially when we talk about redemption. One fascinating passage in Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpr...

JosephMosesKing DavidDaniel

The Slaying of the Firstborn at the Stroke of Midnight

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 18:4

That's the scene we find ourselves in, in this passage from Shemot Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. We're talking about the tenth plague, th...

JosephMosesJobWisdom

Why God Did Not Lead Israel by the Shortest Route

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:1

Get out as fast as possible! But (Exodus 13:17) tells us, "It was when Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them via the land of the Philistines, although it was near, as Go...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Pharaoh Lets the People Go but God Has Other Plans

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:4

to one of those fascinating connections, found within Shemot Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. The verse we're looking at is: "It was when Ph...

HeavenAdam & EveMosesKing David

Pharaoh's Colossal Blunder in Letting Israel Go

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:9

The sages of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) felt that way about Pharaoh letting the Israelites go. It wasn't just a political decision; it was a colossal blunder, a...

MosesSolomonHoly LandEgypt

Pharaoh — Haman and the Angels

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:10

Our story begins with the verse, "It was when Pharaoh let the people go..." (Exodus). But it's not just a simple statement. It's an invitation to reflect on the sheer audacity of G...

AngelsMosesKing DavidDaniel

God Detours Israel Away From the Philistine Road

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:14

But the Torah tells us, "God did not lead them [naḥam]..." (Exodus 13:17). The word naḥam here is key, often translated as "by way of" or "directly." So, what's the story behind th...

JosephMosesKing DavidHoly Land

Moses and the Promised Land of Egyptians

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:9

The scene unfolds like this: the Israelites are trapped between the pursuing Egyptian army and the seemingly insurmountable Red Sea. Moses, holding his staff, is their leader, thei...

MosesHoly LandEgypt

Who Got to Sing First After the Sea Was Split

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 23:7

The story begins, as we all know, with the parting of the Red Sea. A moment of unimaginable salvation for the Israelites, fleeing slavery in Egypt. Moses leads the people, and as t...

JosephMosesKing DavidProphecy

God's Mare in Pharaoh's Chariots and Its Meaning

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 23:14

It all starts with the verse, "For He is exalted." The Rabbis ask, what does that truly mean? Rabbi Pappos offers a beautiful and subtle reading of the verse from (Song of Songs 1:...

AngelsMosesKing DavidSolomon