Parshat Miketz

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Pharaoh's dreams, Joseph's rise to power in Egypt, the famine, and the brothers' first journey to Egypt. Genesis 41:1-44:17.

The Golden Calf in the Aramaic Torah

Midrash Aggadah Targum Onkelos, Exodus 32

The Hebrew Bible says the people told Aaron: "Make us gods that will lead us, for this Moses, we do not know what happened to him" (Exodus 32:1). Targum Onkelos translates this wit...

MosesTorahEgyptExodus

Exempla of the Rabbis, Tale 380

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 380

IV. 4. A man called Joseph Mokir Shabba (“honourer of the Sabbath") lived next to a rich Parsee. The latter was told that all his property would go to Joseph. He, therefore, sold a...

RepentanceAnimalsJosephShabbat

Alexander, Ishmaelites & Jews

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 6

When Alexander the Great conquered the known world, he did not merely defeat armies — he rearranged the claims of nations. The Talmud (Sanhedrin 91a) records that after his conques...

KingsAbrahamEgyptAdam & Eve

Why God Saw That Human Wickedness Was Great

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 1

God looked down at the world before the flood and saw something He hadn't seen since the days of Adam — a civilization that had talked itself into impunity. The wicked had done the...

AngelsNoah & FloodJacobJoseph

Two-Thirds Cut Off, One-Third Saved - End of Days

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 27

"Behold, God will not cast away the perfect, neither will He uphold the evildoers" (Job 8:20). God visited Sarah and she conceived (Genesis 21:1) — after decades of barrenness, aft...

MessiahJosephTempleKing David

God Remembered Rachel and the Secret of Her Barrenness

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 52

Hannah vowed at Shiloh — if God gives her a son, she will give him back (1 Samuel 1:11). Rabbi Berachiah used this verse to address four theological objections that people raise ag...

AbrahamPatriarchsJacobJoseph

Zion Said God Had Forgotten Her - God Replied

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 71

"In all their affliction, He was not afflicted" (Isaiah 63:9). The midrash reads this as conditional: if Israel does the will of God in their troubles, then He is afflicted with th...

CreationAbrahamPatriarchsJacob

Why God Put a Rainbow in the Sky After the Flood

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 84

"Listen to Me, O Jacob, Israel, whom I have called: I am He — I am the first, and I am the last as well" (Isaiah 48:12). God speaks with the full weight of eternity — before everyt...

Noah & FloodAbrahamPatriarchsJacob

Shem Faces Judgment

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 10:3

Bamidbar Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic teachings on the Book of Numbers, dives deep into the prophet Amos's rebuke of those who are "tranquil in Zion" (Amos 6:1). Who are these ...

Hell/GehennaCreaturesPatriarchsJoseph

Why the Nazirite Must Let Hair Grow Untouched

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 10:10

Take the case of the nazir, or Nazirite, described in the Book of Numbers. We're talking about someone who takes a special vow to abstain from wine, avoid contact with the dead, an...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveJoseph

May the Lord Show Favor and Grant You Peace

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 11:7

Jewish tradition grapples with this apparent contradiction all the time. Take the famous Priestly Blessing from (Numbers 6:26): "May the Lord show favor to you, and grant you peace...

CreationHell/GehennaAngelsNoah & Flood

Why God Spoke to Bilam Only at Night

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 20:12

Why the darkness? The passage opens by connecting God’s encounters with Bilam, the non-Israelite prophet, specifically noting that God "came to Bilam at night." This links back to ...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsMoses

Zimri and the Angels

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 20:25

The story of Pinḥas (Phineas) in the book of Numbers is a wild ride, a tale of zealotry, divine intervention, and a whole lot of questions about what's right and wrong. The scene i...

AngelsMosesKing DavidSolomon

Makhir and the Dreamer

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 21:11

Today, let's talk about the daughters of Tzelofḥad. Their story, found within Bamidbar Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic commentary on the Book of Numbers, is far more than just a ...

JosephMosesElijahWisdom

What Fruit Did Adam and Eve Really Eat in Eden

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 15:7

An apple? Maybe… but our tradition offers a whole orchard of possibilities! The rabbis of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), in Bereshit Rabbah 15, really sink their t...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveMoses

Four Speakers Who Used the Word Af and Met Doom

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 19:2

It's usually translated as "also," "indeed," or even "moreover." Seems harmless enough. But according to Rabbi Ḥanina ben Sansan, that seemingly innocent word, when uttered with a ...

CreationAdam & EveJosephEsther

Rabbis — Noah at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 29:4

In Bereshit Rabbah, a classic collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Genesis, we find a fascinating discussion about the depth of that relationship. Rabbi Yoḥanan, R...

CreationNoah & FloodJosephKing David

The Rainbow as God's Bow Turned Away From Earth

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 35:3

It's more than just a colorful arc in the sky. In fact, according to Bereshit Rabbah, a classic collection of Rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Genesis, the rainbow holds pro...

CreationAngelsNoah & FloodPatriarchs

The Lost and Vanished Descendants of Put Son of Ham

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 37:2

Take, for example, the sons of Ḥam (חָם), Noah's son: "Kush, and Mitzrayim, and Put, and Canaan" (Genesis 10:6). We see the names that echo through history – Mitzrayim, which is Eg...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsJoseph

How Humanity Built the Tower of Babel Together

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 38:8

We all know the basic story: humanity, unified and speaking a single language, decides to build a tower reaching the heavens. God, not thrilled with this display of hubris, scatter...

CreationMosesSolomonPrayer

The Hidden Letter That Changed the Exodus Promise

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 44:20

Sometimes, a single letter can unlock a whole new world of understanding. Take the verse from (Genesis 15:14), promising that the Israelites would leave Egypt with "great property....

CreationPatriarchsMosesPrayer

Abraham and Creation of Haran

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 45:1

The Torah touches on this very issue, and the Rabbis of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), those ancient interpreters of scripture, offer some pretty fascinating expla...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsMoses

Ishmael in Exile

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 53:11

The Torah tells us Sarah saw Ishmael "playing" (Genesis 21:9), and it was enough for her to demand, in no uncertain terms, that Hagar and Ishmael be banished. But what exactly did ...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsMoses

Why God Tests the Righteous Like Strong Flax

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 55:2

And Bereshit Rabbah, that incredible collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Genesis, offers a fascinating perspective. It's found in Bereshit Rabbah 55 and it all st...

CreationJosephKing DavidProphecy

What It Means That Abraham Acquired Two Worlds

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 59:6

The Torah tells us that Abraham was old, zaken (Genesis 24:1). But the rabbis in Bereshit Rabbah 59 ask, what does that really signify? The rabbis dig deep, finding layers of meani...

PatriarchsMosesKing DavidSolomon

Were Rebecca's Gifts Fruit or Exotic Treasures

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 60:11

We often think of gold, jewels, maybe the perfect outfit. But what if the Torah suggests something far simpler? Let's turn to (Genesis 24:53), the story of Abraham's servant securi...

CreationMosesEgypt

Isaac Realizes He Gave Jacob the Irreversible Blessing

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 67:5

Take the tale of Isaac, Jacob, and Esau. We all know the basics: Jacob deceives his father, Isaac, and steals Esau's blessing. But what happens after? What was Isaac really thinkin...

CreationPatriarchsJosephTemple

Jacob's Ladder and the Dream That Changed Everything

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 68:12

Dreams have always held a special fascination, and Jewish tradition is no exception. Take the famous dream of Jacob in (Genesis 28:12): "He dreamed, and behold, a ladder was set on...

CreationHeavenAngelsPatriarchs

Rachel Says God Has Removed My Disgrace at Last

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 73:5

The verse we're looking at is (Genesis 30:23), where Rachel, finally blessed with a son, exclaims, "God has removed my disgrace!" But what exactly is this "disgrace" she's referrin...

CreationMatriarchsJosephProphecy

Were Jacob's Messengers Ordinary Men or Angels

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 75:4

The text opens with a discussion about "messengers" (malakhim). Were they ordinary people, or something more? Some Rabbis suggest they were actual angels! It blurs the lines betwee...

CreationAngelsPatriarchsMatriarchs

Abraham and Creation of Jacob

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 78:8

Take the reunion of Jacob and Esau in Genesis 33. We read how Jacob arranged his family as he approached his brother, placing the maidservants and their children first, Leah and he...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Jacob Buys a Field at Shechem for a Hundred Kesita

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 79:7

Our ancestors felt it too. And the Rabbis, in their infinite wisdom, addressed it head-on. We find a fascinating discussion in Bereshit Rabbah, specifically section 79, sparked by ...

CreationPatriarchsJosephKing David

Why Babies Are Bathed on the Third Day After Brit

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 80:9

Sometimes, the answer lies hidden in plain sight, tucked away in ancient commentaries on the Torah. Take, for example, the seemingly simple act of bathing a baby after circumcision...

CreationPatriarchsJosephShabbat

The Dotted Word That Foreshadowed Shechem's Fate

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 84:13

We're looking at the story of Joseph, the favored son, being sent to check on his brothers. It all starts with the line: "His brothers went to herd their father’s flock in Shekhem"...

CreationPatriarchsJosephHoly Land

Jacob — Reuben at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 84:15

We all know the story of Joseph and his coat of many colors, sold into slavery by his jealous brothers. But what about Reuben? What role did he play in this dramatic saga? (Genesis...

CreationJosephTribesReuben

What Potiphar Really Knew About His Wife's Lie

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 87:9

We all know the story: Potiphar's wife tries to seduce Joseph, he resists, and then, scorned, she falsely accuses him, leading to his imprisonment. But the ancient rabbis, never on...

CreationJosephWomen of the BibleAdam & Eve

The Brothers' Defense Against the Goblet Accusation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 92:7

Here, the rabbis are exploring the verse in (Genesis 44:8), where Joseph's brothers, completely innocent of any wrongdoing, exclaim, "Behold, silver that we found in the opening of...

CreationHeavenMosesSolomon

Judah Sent Ahead to Build a House of Study in Goshen

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 95:1

And they found hints of it in the most unexpected places – like the story of Jacob sending Judah ahead to Joseph in Goshen (Genesis 46:28). The verse says, "He sent Judah before hi...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsJoseph

David — Judah at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 98:6

The passage centers around Jacob's blessing to his son Judah: "Judah, you shall your brothers acknowledge; your hand will be at the nape of your enemies; your father’s sons will pr...

CreationPatriarchsJosephKing David

Jacob's Final Blessings to His Sons Before He Died

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 100:1

(Psalm 100:3) declares, "Know that the Lord is God." But it's the next part that really sparked their interest: "He made us, and we are His" (Psalm 100:3). Or is it? See, the Hebre...

CreationPatriarchsMosesKing David

Moses and the Establishment of Cities of Refuge

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 2:29

Today, we're diving into a fascinating passage from Devarim Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Deuteronomy, that explores just that, through the lens o...

CreationAngelsPatriarchsMoses

The Origin of Blessing Food After Eating

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 8:2

It seems so natural, so ingrained in Jewish practice, that we might not even stop to ask why. But the Rabbis of old, they were always asking. They wanted to know the source, the re...

AngelsMosesKing DavidSolomon

A Fool's Voice Brings Nightmares Upon Himself

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 2:1

In fact, the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), specifically Kohelet Rabbah, connects them to something much deeper: the consequences of our actions and, specifically, our...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodPatriarchs

There Is One Fate for the Righteous and the Wicked

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 1:1

The book of Ecclesiastes, or Kohelet in Hebrew, certainly does. And the rabbis of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), in Kohelet Rabbah, wrestled with it too. Specifica...

CreationNoah & FloodMosesKing David

Golden Calf and the Lawgiver

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 15:6

It's part of the human condition. But have you ever considered that this struggle might be… a cosmic drama playing out on a miniature scale, right inside of you? That’s the kind of...

MosesKing DavidWisdomHoly Land

Moses and Creation of Israelites

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:12

Turns out, Moses did. And, according to the Shemot Rabbah, a classic collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, it didn't go unnoticed. The story begins, as we k...

CreationCreaturesAdam & EvePatriarchs

Moses Hesitates and Aaron Becomes His Spokesman

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:17

We all know the story: God commands Moses to go to Pharaoh and demand the release of the Israelites. But Moses hesitates. He protests, famously declaring, "I am not a man of words"...

HeavenMosesSolomonTemple

Moses's Transgression of Jethro

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 4:2

The book of Shmot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, offers a fascinating perspective on this very idea, focusing on Moses, Jethro (Yitro in He...

MosesSolomonElijahTorah