Parshat Vayeshev

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Joseph's dreams and his brothers' jealousy, Joseph sold into slavery, Judah and Tamar, and Joseph in Potiphar's house and prison. Genesis 37:1-40:23.

The World Was Created for the Sake of Israel

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Bereshit 3:1

The opening word of the Torah — Bereshit, "in the beginning" — has hidden agendas the sages loved to excavate. Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Bereshit 3:1 records one of the boldest. R. J...

CreationTorahHoly LandMessiah

God Visited Abraham Before the Angels Arrived

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Bereshit 4:5

Three days after his circumcision at age ninety-nine, Abraham sat in pain at the entrance of his tent. Genesis 18:1-2 describes what happened next in language so compressed it hide...

HumilityPatriarchsAngelsHealing

The New Heavens Already Existed Before the Old Ones

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Bereshit 9:1

Isaiah 66:22 drops a strange detail that sages noticed and never forgot: "For as the new heavens and the new earth which I make remain before Me." The definite articles — the new h...

CreationMessiahAfterlifeKing David

The Work Of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 4:2

The Torah tells us God spoke, and the world came to be. But how? Jewish tradition is rich with stories filling in those gaps, painting vivid pictures of the cosmic artistry involve...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveNoah & Flood

Sarah's Tent

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 60:16

To have a little piece of the Garden of Eden right in your own backyard... or, in this case, your own tent flap? Jewish tradition paints a beautiful picture of Sarah's tent, offeri...

PatriarchsShekhinahMatriarchsDivine justice

Jacob The Divine

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 82:2

It's a pretty wild idea, isn't it? That Jacob, the trickster, the wrestler with angels, the father of a sometimes-fractious family, is so central to the divine plan that his image ...

HeavenPatriarchsJacobHumor

The Wives Of Cain And Abel

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 22:2

The Bible just drops them into the story. Where did they come from? It's one of those questions that has kept Jewish tradition busy for millennia. The simple answer? Adam and Eve d...

CreationAdam & EveWomen of the Bible

The Messiah Will Descend From The Side Of Evil

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 41:5

Yet, Jewish tradition whispers of just such a mystery: that the Messiah himself will descend from the side of evil. How can this be? Well, the story starts with King David, the anc...

CreationMessiahAdam & EveMysticism

The Dual Messiah

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 3:17

But what if the Messianic role is actually a team effort? What if, as this radical idea from Deuteronomy Rabbah (3:17) suggests, the Messiah is actually two figures, coming togethe...

MessiahTorahPatriarchsMoses

Birth of Aaron

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 2:22

That feeling of imbalance, of unspoken credit, is something the ancient rabbis grappled with too. And we find a fascinating example of it right at the beginning of the Book of Numb...

MosesTempleMessiah

Aaron and Moses of Elazar

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 2:23

We find it in (Numbers 3:4): "Nadav and Avihu died before the Lord when they offered alien fire before the Lord in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children. Elazar and Ita...

MosesTempleSinaiDeath

The Nazirite Vow and Why Women Can Take It Too

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 10:7

The verse "Speak to the children of Israel…" (Numbers 6:2) seems simple enough, but the Rabbis unpack it with incredible detail. The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) imme...

HeavenAdam & EveMosesTemple

Aaron's Staff That Bloomed and Settled the Priesthood

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 18:23

And sometimes, the solutions to those disagreements come in the most unexpected forms… like, say, a blossoming staff. We find this story in Bamidbar Rabbah 18, which elaborates on ...

CreationMosesKing DavidSolomon

Knowledge and Innocence of Israelites

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 19:22

The Book of Numbers, in the Bamidbar Rabbah, grapples with this very question when describing the plague of fiery serpents. "The Lord sent the fiery serpents against the people, an...

Adam & EveMosesKing DavidSolomon

Kingdom of Balak

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 20:2

According to the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), not at all. It's a question that comes to the fore when we delve into Bamidbar Rabbah, specifically chapter 20. The pas...

CreationNoah & FloodMosesHoly Land

How Moab Convinced Midian to Join Against Israel

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 20:4

Our story today, drawn from Bamidbar Rabbah 20, a section of the classical Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), plunges us right into such a situation – a tale of Moabites, ...

CreationPrayerMiraclesHoly Land

Zimri Beyond the Firmament

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 20:24

The scene is set in (Numbers 25:6): “Behold, a man from the children of Israel came and brought near to his brethren the Midyanite woman, before the eyes of Moses, and before the e...

HeavenMosesSolomonHoly Land

Balak — Balaam's Transgression

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 21:4

The Torah gives us some pretty strong clues, and it all boils down to how they chose to attack us. Think about the story of Balaam and Balak. Remember that? Balak, the King of Moab...

MosesMessiahRepentanceMiracles

Seventy Bulls for the Nations and One Bull for Israel

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 21:24

The ancient rabbis certainly did. They found that very human feeling reflected in the Torah itself, specifically in the book of Numbers, Bamidbar in Hebrew. And they explore it in ...

King DavidTemplePrayerHoly Land

Why the Bulls of Sukkot Diminish Each Day

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 21:25

It's not about being stingy, but about creating a sense of progression, a journey. Believe it or not, we find a hint of this idea in the book of Bamidbar Rabbah, specifically in se...

CreationMosesKing DavidTorah

Moses Sent Pinchas with Holy Vessels Against Midian

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 22:4

It’s a deeply human dilemma, and it appears even in the stories of our greatest leaders. to a fascinating passage from Bamidbar Rabbah, specifically section 22, to uncover just suc...

Hell/GehennaNoah & FloodMosesSolomon

Why Joshua Lived Only 110 Years Instead of 120 Like Moses

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 22:6

The verse in (Joshua 1:5) declares, "As I was with Moses, I will be with you." This promise seems to imply that Joshua would enjoy a life parallel to that of Moses, who lived to be...

MosesSolomonHoly LandDeath

Ahithophel Beyond the Firmament

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 22:7

The book of Numbers, Bamidbar in Hebrew, recounts the Israelites' journey through the wilderness. In chapter 32, we encounter the tribes of Reuben and Gad. "The children of Reuben ...

HeavenCreaturesKing DavidSolomon

David and His Mighty Men of Land

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 23:11

It's more than just history or geography. It’s woven into the very fabric of our spiritual DNA. Bamidbar Rabbah, a collection of Midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) teachi...

King DavidHoly LandHeresyDivine justice

Why the Earth Toils While the Heavens Feast

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 2:2

Our sages grappled with these questions ages ago, and in Bereshit Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of Genesis, they offer some pretty striking analogies. Imagine a ...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaDeath

Why God Made the Sun and the Moon on the Fourth Day

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 6:1

In fact, the ancient Rabbis dove deep into the very first verses of Genesis to understand their roles. The Book of Genesis (1:14) tells us, "God said: Let there be lights in the fi...

CreationHeavenMosesKing David

Shabbat as a Weekly Taste of the World to Come

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 11:4

It’s more than just a day off. It's a taste of paradise, a hint of the World to Come, a weekly reset button for the soul. And according to our sages, even the food tastes better! R...

CreationHell/GehennaKing DavidTorah

Honor Starts with the Greatest but Disgrace with the Least

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 20:3

Turns out, even the story of the Garden of Eden, that pivotal moment of eating the forbidden fruit, offers a lesson in precedence. Rabbi Ḥiyya, a sage from long ago, taught a fasci...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveMoses

How Noah Built the Ark From Cypress Wood

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 31:8

The verse in Genesis (6:14) states: "Craft for you an ark of cypress wood; you shall craft the ark with compartments, and you shall coat it within and without with pitch." Now, Rab...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodMoses

The Folly That Cannot Be Pounded Out of a Fool

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 38:2

That frustration, that sense of futility, echoes through a powerful passage in Bereshit Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Genesis. Rabbi Abba kicks th...

Noah & FloodSolomonExile

Teachings of Abraham

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 41:10

Turns out, that impulse might be older – and more significant – than you think. We’re talking about land, about ownership, and about the very act of claiming something as your own....

CreationAbrahamAdam & EveDivine justice

Abraham's Battle Against the Four Mighty Kings

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 42:7

Today, we're diving into Bereshit Rabbah 42, a fascinating passage from the Midrash, the body of ancient rabbinic interpretations of Scripture. This passage looks at Genesis 14, sp...

CreationHell/GehennaPatriarchsSolomon

The King of Sodom Met Abraham in the Valley of Shaveh

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 43:5

We often imagine triumphant parades and grateful citizens. But what about the really awkward moments? Like when the defeated villains try to become your new best friends? That’s ki...

CreationPatriarchsDaniel

Blessing of Abram

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 43:7

The verse in question is (Genesis 14:19): "He blessed him, and he said: Blessed is Abram to God, the Most High, Maker of heavens and earth." But another way to read it is "Acquirer...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsPrayer

Yonatan — Abraham at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 44:8

Abraham, our patriarch, knew that feeling. In (Genesis 15:2), he cries out, "My Lord God, what will You give me, seeing that I go childless, and the one who has charge of my house ...

CreationPatriarchsKing DavidSolomon

The Hidden Meaning of Circumcision's Hebrew Word

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 46:10

But in Bereshit Rabbah, that foundational midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) text, the rabbis unpack layers of meaning from even a single word. The verse uses the Hebrew ...

CreationAngelsNoah & FloodTorah

Who Must Be Circumcised on the Eighth Day

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 46:11

It's a fascinating, and sometimes complex, corner of Jewish law. Our guide for today is Bereshit Rabbah, a classic Midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) text – meaning, a co...

CreationShabbatCovenant

God's Double Blessing for Sarah and the Promise of Isaac

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 47:2

But the Rabbis, in their infinite wisdom, saw so much more. The Bereshit Rabbah, that incredible collection of rabbinic interpretations of Genesis, dedicates a whole section to unp...

CreationHell/GehennaPatriarchsMatriarchs

Lakish — Abraham at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 47:10

The ancient rabbis grappled with that all the time, and their discussions, preserved in texts like Bereshit Rabbah, offer some fascinating, and sometimes surprising, insights. We f...

CreationHeavenAdam & EvePatriarchs

Abraham's Open Tent and the Fate of the World

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 48:8

It opens with the seemingly simple phrase: "At the entrance [petaḥ] of the tent [ohel]." This refers to Abraham sitting at the entrance of his tent, welcoming guests. But, as is so...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodPatriarchs

The Young Bull Abraham Gave Ishmael to Prepare

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 48:13

That’s the kind of feeling I get when I think about Abraham and that young bull. Let's set the scene. Remember when three divine guests show up at Abraham's tent in the heat of the...

CreationPatriarchsHoly Land

Abraham Approaches God to Fight for Justice

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 49:8

What does it mean to approach God? That's precisely what the Rabbis grapple with in Bereshit Rabbah 49. The text opens with that powerful line from Genesis, "Abraham approached, an...

CreationHell/GehennaNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Abraham and the Angels of Rabbis

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 50:4

The Torah, in its infinite wisdom, gives us a glimpse into this very idea through the contrasting actions of Abraham and Lot. We find ourselves in Genesis chapter 19, where Lot enc...

CreationPatriarchsPrayer

Sarah's Miraculous Birth and the Joy It Sparked

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 53:8

After decades of barrenness, at a very, very advanced age, she miraculously conceives and gives birth to Isaac. In (Genesis 21:6), she exclaims, "God has made laughter for me; ever...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsEsther

What It Means That Abraham Acquired Two Worlds

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 59:6

The Torah tells us that Abraham was old, zaken (Genesis 24:1). But the rabbis in Bereshit Rabbah 59 ask, what does that really signify? The rabbis dig deep, finding layers of meani...

PatriarchsMosesKing DavidSolomon

Ishmael and Creation of Abraham

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 62:2

We find a poignant example in the story of Abraham's burial, as recounted in Bereshit Rabbah 62, a section of the classic midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) collection th...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsDeath

Isaac Entreats God Opposite His Barren Wife

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 63:5

The verse in Genesis (25:21) tells us, "Isaac entreated the Lord opposite his wife, because she was barren, and the Lord acceded to his entreaty, and Rebecca his wife conceived." S...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchs

Jacob and Esau Struggling in Rebecca's Womb

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 63:8

Take the birth of Jacob and Esau, for example. Seems straightforward. But Bereshit Rabbah, the ancient rabbinic commentary on Genesis, dives deep, revealing layers of interpretatio...

CreationHeavenDemonsPatriarchs