Parshat Vayishlach

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Jacob wrestles with the angel, his reunion with Esau, the incident at Shechem, Rachel's death, and the genealogy of Esau. Genesis 32:4-36:43.

What Was Already Named and Known Before Creation

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 10:1

The book of Ecclesiastes, or Kohelet as it's known in Hebrew, wrestles with these very feelings. One verse in particular, (Ecclesiastes 6:10), really gets to the heart of it: "What...

CreationAngelsAdam & EveJoseph

Wisdom Strengthens More Than Ten Rulers in a City

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 19:4

Kohelet Rabbah, the commentary on Ecclesiastes, digs into this very question, offering some fascinating, and at times surprising, answers. The verse from Ecclesiastes, "Wisdom will...

Adam & EvePatriarchsMosesKing David

Searching for Meaning in the Book of Ecclesiastes

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 29:1

The book of Ecclesiastes, or Kohelet as it’s known in Hebrew, wrestles with this very question. It’s a book about searching, about meaning, and often, about the frustrating lack of...

CreationAngelsSolomon

Does God Follow His Own Rules

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 4:1

to one fascinating interpretation from Kohelet Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Ecclesiastes. The verse at the heart of it all is (Ecclesiastes 8:4):...

CreationPatriarchsKing DavidSolomon

No One Rules the Spirit or Controls the Day of Death

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 8:1

to (Ecclesiastes 8:8): “There is no man who rules the spirit to retain the spirit, and there is no rule over the day of death. There is no release in war, and wickedness will not r...

AngelsMosesKing DavidSolomon

Joseph and Creation of Akiva

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 7:1

The book of Ecclesiastes, or Kohelet as it's known in Hebrew, certainly did. It observes, "I have seen servants upon horses, and princes walking on the ground like servants" (Eccle...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsJoseph

Solomon Beyond the Firmament

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 13:1

It all centers around the verse from (Ecclesiastes 12:13): "The end of the matter, everything having been heard: Fear God and observe His commandments, for that is all of man." But...

HeavenHell/GehennaAngelsSolomon

Wisdom of Joseph of Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:7

The book of Exodus, Shemot in Hebrew, opens with a seemingly simple verse that holds a profound message about humility and identity. "All the people who emerged from the loins of J...

PatriarchsJosephMosesEgypt

The Midwives Who Feared God and Saved the Boys

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:15

We all know about Moses, about the plagues, about the parting of the Red Sea. But what about the women who defied a king's cruel decree and saved countless Israelite babies? The To...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMoses

The Well Where Moses Met His Future Wife

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:32

Like a well, for instance. It's more than just a source of water; it’s often a meeting place, a place of destiny. Our sages point this out in Shemot Rabbah, noting how the well is ...

CreationHeavenAdam & EvePatriarchs

Why Moses Turned Aside to See the Great Sight

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 2:6

In the story of Moses, that moment is captured in a single, powerful scene – the burning bush. The book of Exodus tells us (3:3) that Moses said, "I will turn now, and see this gre...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsJoseph

Moses and the Heavenly Realms of Abba

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:1

In the book of Exodus, Moses has that very experience. But it's not quite what you might expect. The text tells us, "He said: I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the G...

HeavenHell/GehennaPatriarchsMoses

I Am Named According to My Actions Says God

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:6

It all starts with that pivotal moment when Moses encounters God at the burning bush. Remember the verse? "God said to Moses, 'I will be what I will be,' and He said, 'So shall you...

CreationAngelsMosesDaniel

The Three Signs God Gave Moses at the Bush

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:13

It's often because the Rabbis, in their infinite wisdom, saw connections we might miss. Take the story of Moses at the burning bush in Exodus, chapter 4. God gives him three signs ...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsMoses

Abraham — Moses and the Patriarchs

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:16

Something that makes you think, "Surely, there's someone better suited for this!" Well, you're not alone. Even Moses, the great lawgiver himself, had a moment of reluctance. to a f...

PatriarchsMatriarchsJosephMoses

What It Means That God Hardened Pharaoh's Heart

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:7

The answer, they suggest, might lie in the seemingly simple phrase, "I will harden his heart." But what does it mean to harden someone's heart? According to Shemot Rabbah, a collec...

PatriarchsJosephMosesMiracles

Aaron Meets Moses at the Mountain of God

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:10

The ancient Jewish texts delve into this very idea, and one particular passage in Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, offers a powerful i...

PatriarchsJosephMosesKing David

God Reveals a Name Even the Patriarchs Never Knew

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 6:1

Our sages explored this very human tendency in fascinating ways, especially when looking at the stories of Solomon and Moses. Our journey begins with a verse from Exodus (6:2-3): “...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Isaac — Abraham's Transgression

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 6:4

This very human experience echoes in the ancient texts, specifically in a powerful passage from Shemot Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. The ...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Songs — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:1

The Israelites certainly did in Egypt. But even in the darkest of times, hope can blossom. And it often arrives in unexpected ways. Our story begins, as so many do, with a word fro...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsJoseph

This Month Shall Be Yours and What It Means

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:2

You might think it's all divinely ordained, etched in stone... but the answer, according to some fascinating interpretations, is a little more nuanced, a little more… us. Shemot Ra...

CreationAngelsKing DavidDaniel

The Song of Songs as an Allegory for the Exodus

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:4

The ancient Rabbis felt that way about the Exodus, the liberation of the Israelites from Egypt. And they found echoes of that feeling in the most unexpected places, even in the Son...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsMoses

How Abraham Changed the Way We Count Time

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:9

It was about a whole new way of counting time itself. Think of it this way. Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic teachings on the Book of Exodus, offers a beautiful analogy to e...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMessiah

Happy Is the Nation Whose God Is the Lord

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:11

The passage opens with a seemingly simple phrase: "This month shall be for you" (Exodus 12:2). But it's more than just a calendar note. It's a declaration. The text connects it to ...

CreationPatriarchsJosephKing David

Abraham — Splitting of the Sea

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:18

We often think of it as being solely for the sake of the Israelites, to free them from slavery. But what if there was another, deeper reason? Shemot Rabbah, the collection of Midra...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMoses

The Blood on the Doorpost and the Patriarchs' Merit

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 17:3

Our story comes from Shemot Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Exodus. We’re looking at chapter 17, which delves into the symbolism of the Passover of...

PatriarchsJosephMosesProphecy

Egypt — Giving of the Torah

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 17:4

We often focus on the miracles, the parting of the Red Sea, the giving of the Torah. But nestled within that incredible narrative are moments of sheer, unadulterated divine power.....

AngelsCreaturesJosephMoses

God Passes Over and the Destroyer Cannot Enter

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 17:5

The ancient texts offer some fascinating perspectives. Let's look at (Exodus 12:23), the verse describing the pasach, the Passover: "The Lord will pass to smite Egypt, and He will ...

CreationAngelsNoah & FloodJoseph

God's Regret Over the Honor Once Given to Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 18:6

The Divine, it seems, knows the feeling. According to Shemot Rabbah, the great collection of Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, God...

CreationHeavenAdam & EvePatriarchs

The Overlooked Details of the Very First Passover

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 19:5

The story starts with a seemingly simple commandment: "This is the statute of the paschal offering." Rabbi Shimon ben Ḥalafta paints a vivid picture: God, blessed be He, instructs ...

HeavenAdam & EveNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Did Pharaoh Simply Cave or Was There More

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:3

We often think of Moses, armed with divine authority, as the driving force behind the Israelites' liberation. But what about Pharaoh? Did he simply cave to the plagues, or was ther...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMoses

Ephraim at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:11

The book of Exodus tells us, “God did not lead them via the land [derekh eretz]” (Exodus 13:17). But what exactly does that mean? Well, Shemot Rabbah, a classic collection of rabbi...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsJoseph

Moses Raises His Staff and Splits the Sea

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:6

It sounds like something out of a movie, but the Rabbis grappled with this moment, and what it truly meant. The book of Exodus (14:16) tells us, "And you, raise your staff, and ext...

CreationPatriarchsMosesKing David

Trapped at the Red Sea Between Pharaoh and the Waves

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:8

The Israelites certainly did at the Red Sea. Pharaoh’s army was bearing down on them, and the sea was, well, a sea. So what were they supposed to do? Pray? Act? Just give up? The B...

CreationHell/GehennaAdam & EvePatriarchs

The Waters Will Return Upon Pharaoh's Chariots

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 22:2

Pharaoh's army bearing down, water as far as the eye could see. What do you do? The Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, paints a vivid pi...

AngelsJosephMosesKing David

God's Mare in Pharaoh's Chariots and Its Meaning

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 23:14

It all starts with the verse, "For He is exalted." The Rabbis ask, what does that truly mean? Rabbi Pappos offers a beautiful and subtle reading of the verse from (Song of Songs 1:...

AngelsMosesKing DavidSolomon

Three Days Without Water in the Wilderness of Shur

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 24:1

The Israelites, fresh from their miraculous escape from Egypt, certainly did. The book of Exodus tells us, "Moses led Israel from the Red Sea and they went out to the wilderness of...

AngelsJosephMosesKing David

The Wilderness of Shur and What Its Name Reveals

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 24:4

We often gloss over place names, assuming they're just… well, places. But sometimes, they're so much more. Take, for example, the phrase "the wilderness of Shur," which pops up in ...

CreationAdam & EvePatriarchsJoseph

Rabbi Eliezer's Miracle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 25:2

to a fascinating passage from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, that really gets to the heart of this question. Rabbi Simon, quoting Ra...

CreationAngelsMosesKing David

Jethro Hears About the Exodus and Comes to Moses

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 27:1

This week, we're diving into a fascinating passage from Shemot Rabbah, a compilation of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, specifically Shemot Rabbah 27. It uses the s...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMoses

Yitro and the Fires of Gehenna of Amalek

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 27:6

He appears in the narrative, offers Moses some crucial advice, and then… well, what do we really know about him? The Book of Exodus tells us, “Yitro heard…” (Exodus 18:1). But hear...

Hell/GehennaPatriarchsMosesKing David

The Many Surprising Identities and Names of Jethro

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 27:9

The ancient rabbis grappled with this very idea, and their insights, preserved in Shemot Rabbah, a collection of homiletic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, offer some fascina...

Hell/GehennaPatriarchsJosephMoses

Why God Spoke to Moses From the Mountain

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 28:2

And the Shemot Rabbah, a classical collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, gives us some fascinating answers. "The Lord called to him from the mountain, sayin...

Adam & EvePatriarchsMosesKing David

Every Future Prophecy Was Already Given at Sinai

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 28:6

According to Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic homilies on the Book of Exodus, the answer might surprise you. It all goes back to Mount Sinai. Rabbi Yitzḥak makes a bold clai...

CreationAngelsMosesKing David

Why the Ordinances of Exodus Are So Excellent

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 30:5

Shemot Rabbah, the collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, points this out explicitly. "Come and see," it urges, "how excellent this portion is!" What's so ex...

CreationNoah & FloodPatriarchsJoseph

Maintain Justice and Perform Charity Says Isaiah

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 30:24

The Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, dives deep into this question, particularly in section 30. It all starts with a verse from Isaiah...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaPatriarchs

Jeremiah — Messiah at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 31:10

That feeling, that fear, is something the Jewish people have grappled with throughout our history. And it's right there in Shemot Rabbah 31, a midrash on the book of Exodus. The pa...

CreationPatriarchsMosesTemple

Behind the Scenes of Building the Tabernacle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 33:8

Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, gives us a fascinating glimpse into the behind-the-scenes preparations for this monumental task. It a...

CreationPatriarchsMosesTemple