(Numb. 3:40:) “And the Lord said unto Moses, ‘Enroll every [first-born] male….’” Let our master instruct us: When an infant is born at six months, does one profane the Sabbath for it?<sup class="footnote-marker">90</sup><i class="footnote">Numb. R. 4:3.</i> Thus have our masters taught: When an infant is born at six months one does not profane the Sabbath for it, cut its umbilical cord, bury its placenta, or move it from place to place; however, its mother does lean over it to suckle it.<sup class="footnote-marker">91</sup><i class="footnote"><i>TShab</i>. 15[16]:5; <i>Shab</i>. 135a.</i> And in the case of one moving it on the Sabbath, it is as though he were moving a stone. [When there is] doubt [whether it is] an nine-month infant or a eight-month infant, one does not profane the Sabbath for it, cut its umbilical cord, bury its placenta, or move it from place to place. [When there is] doubt [whether it is] a nine-month infant or a eight-month infant, one does not profane the Sabbath for it, cut its umbilical cord, bury its placenta, or move it from place to place. [When there is] doubt [whether it is] a seven-month infant or an eight-month infant, one does not profane the Sabbath for it, etc. But if it is a sure thing that it is [an infant of] seven months, one does profane the Sabbath for it, because it is capable of life. However, in the case of one born at eight [months], it is not capable of life. For that reason one does not profane the Sabbath for it. They asked R. Abbahu, “Where is it shown that one born at seven months will live?”<sup class="footnote-marker">92</sup><i class="footnote"><i>yYev.</i> 4:2 (5d); Gen. R. 14:2; 20:6.</i> He said to them, “In the Greek<sup class="footnote-marker">93</sup><i class="footnote"><i>YWNYT</i>. Cf. Gk.; <i>Iones</i>.</i> language <i>zeta<sup class="footnote-marker">94</sup><i class="footnote">This letter name sounds like word, <i>zete,</i> a Gk. pres. pl. imperative, which means, “live.”</i></i> is <i>hepta</i> (the greek number seven); <i>eta<sup class="footnote-marker">95</sup><i class="footnote">This letter sounds like the Gk. word, <i>ite,</i> a pres. pl. imperative, which means, “go.” The corresponding imperfect form (<i>ete</i>) is even closer.</i></i> is <i>okto</i> (the greek number eight).” Now which is [an infant] of eight months? Anyone whose hair and nails are undeveloped. R. Simeon b. Gamaliel says, “Whoever does not live thirty days has not [completed] his months, but is a miscarriage.”<sup class="footnote-marker">96</sup><i class="footnote"><i>Shab.</i> 135b; <i>Yev.</i> 36b, 80b.</i> And how much did the opinion of Rabban Simeon ben Gamaliel depend on the words of Torah, because the first-born were only redeemed after thirty days, as so is it written (in Numb. 18:16), “And their redemption money — from a month of age [and older] you shall redeem them.”
Midrash Tanchuma, Bamidbar 18
Curated by The Jewish Mythology Team
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