Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Genesis 10:2 does something the plain biblical list never does — it gives the sons of Japheth their addresses. Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Thubal, and Meshek, and Thiras. And the names of their provinces, Afriki, and Germania, and Medi, and Makadonia, and Iatinia, and Asia, and Tharki.
Stop and read that list again. Afriki. Germania. Media. Macedonia. Italy. Asia. Thrace. The Targum is pointing to real places on the map of late antiquity — the known world of the Roman Empire and beyond. The seven sons of Japheth become the seven great gentile geographies.
This is Jewish ethnography at its most bold. Pseudo-Jonathan wants you to see that every nation, even the ones that will later rule over Israel or wage war with Jerusalem, has a name in the family tree of Noah. Rome descends from Japheth. So does Greece. So does the ancient kingdom of Media, which would one day produce the Persian sages who met Esther's generation.
The Maggid lingers on this for a reason. The Table of Nations is not a tedious genealogy. It is Torah's declaration that all peoples are cousins, mapped from a single ark.
The takeaway: before we argue with any nation, Torah reminds us they share a grandfather with us. The seven of Japheth and the rest of Noah's line spread across the whole earth, but the common root was a wooden boat.