The Wives Of Cain And Abel

Bereshit Rabbah 22:2

"And the man knew Eve his wife" (Genesis 4:1). Rabbi Huna and Rabbi Yaakov son of Rabbi Avin in the name of Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: No creature had relations before Adam the first man. It is not written here "And he knew," but rather "And the man knew Eve his wife" he made known the way of the world to all. Another interpretation: "And the man knew" he knew from what tranquility he had been cast out; he knew what Eve had done to him. Rabbi Acha said: The serpent is your serpent, and you are the serpent of Adam. "And she conceived and bore Cain" (Genesis 4:1). Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah said: Three wonders were done on that very day: on that day they were created, on that day they had relations, on that day they brought forth offspring. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Korcha said to him: Two went up to the bed and seven came down: Cain and his twin sister, and Abel and his two twin sisters. "And she said: I have acquired a man with the LORD" (Genesis 4:1) this woman saw children and said: Behold, the acquisition of my husband is in my hand. Rabbi Yishmael asked Rabbi Akiva, saying to him: Since you served Nachum of Gam Zo for twenty-two years, who taught that "akh" and "rak" are terms of limitation, and "et" and "gam" are terms of inclusion this word "et" that is written here, what does it signify? He said: Had it said "I have acquired a man, the LORD," the matter would have been difficult; rather it says "with the LORD." He said to him: "For it is no empty thing for you" (Deuteronomy 32:47), and if it is empty, it is empty from you because you do not know how to expound it. Rather, "with the LORD": in the past Adam was created from the earth, and Eve was created from Adam; from here onward it shall be "in our image, after our likeness" (Genesis 1:26) not man without woman, and not woman without man, and not the two of them without the Divine Presence.

Themes

Original Sources

  • Genesis Rabbah 22:2-3, 22:7
  • Targum Onkelos on Genesis 4:9
  • Sefer ha-Zikhronot 23:26.

Biblical References