“As a living dog is better than a dead lion” – Hadrian, may his bones be crushed, asked Rabbi Yehoshua ben Ḥananya, he said to him: ‘I am better than Moses your master.’ [Rabbi Yehoshua] said to him: ‘Why?’ [Hadrian answered:] ‘Because I am alive and he is dead, and it is written: “As a living dog is better than a dead lion.”’ [Rabbi Yehoshua] said to him: ‘Are you able to decree that no person may kindle a fire for three days?’ [Hadrian] said to him: ‘Yes.’12Hadrian issued the decree.
At nightfall of the [first] day, the two of them rose and ascended to the roof of the palace. They saw smoke rising at a distance. [Rabbi Yehoshua] said to him: ‘What is that?’ [Hadrian] said: ‘The governor is ill and a doctor entered to visit him and said to him: You will not be cured until you drink hot water.’ [Rabbi Yehoshua] said to him: ‘Let despair come upon him;13You, Hadrian, should be in despair. even while you are still alive your decree is voided.
Moses our master, ever since he decreed upon us: “You shall not kindle fire in all your dwellings on the Sabbath day” (Exodus 35:3), a Jew does not kindle a fire on Shabbat in his life, and [Moses’s] decree has not been voided for all these years until now; yet you said: ‘I am better than he’?’