Why the Seventy Elders Drew Their Spirit From Moses Alone

Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Beha'alotcha 28:1

"Then I will come down and speak with you there" (Numbers 11:17). This is to inform you that the day of the appointment of the elders was as beloved before the Holy One, blessed be He, as the day of the giving of the Torah, as it is said, "For on the third day the LORD will come down" (Exodus 19:11); and likewise concerning the appointment of the elders, "I will come down" is written. To what may the matter be compared? To a king who had an orchard, and he hired a guard for it, and he gave him the wages of guarding so that he would guard the orchard. After a time the guard said to him, "I cannot guard all of it by myself; rather give me others to guard with me." The king said to him, "I gave you the entire orchard, all of it, to guard, and all the wages of its guarding I gave to you, and now you say to me, 'Go and bring others to guard with me'? Behold, I am bringing others to guard with you; but know that I am not giving them their wages from what is mine; rather, from your wages that I gave you they will take their wages." So too the Holy One, blessed be He, said to Moses, when he said before Him, "I cannot do it alone." The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, "I placed in you understanding and knowledge to sustain My children, and I did not seek others, but only so that there would be strength and knowledge in you, and that you alone would be set apart in that greatness; and now you seek others. Know that they will take nothing from what is Mine, but rather from what is yours," as it is said, "And I will take away some of the spirit that is upon you" (Numbers 11:17). And even so, Moses lacked nothing. Know this, for after forty years He said to Moses, "Take Joshua son of Nun, and lay your hand upon him, and put some of your splendor upon him" (Numbers 27:18, 20). What is written concerning Joshua? "And Joshua son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom" (Deuteronomy 34:9). Why? "Because Moses had laid his hands upon him" (ibid.). The Holy One, blessed be He, said: In this world, individuals have prophesied, but in the world to come all Israel will be prophets, as it is said, "And it shall come to pass afterward that I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy" (Joel 3:1).

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