The Five Names of the Soul and the Breath of Life

"And He breathed into his nostrils" (Genesis 2:7) - this teaches that He set him up as a lifeless form reaching from the earth to the firmament, and then cast a soul into him. For in this world life comes by breathing, but in the time to come it will come by giving, as it says, "And I will put My spirit within you and you shall live" (Ezekiel 37:14). Five names are given to it [the soul]: nefesh - this is the blood, as it says, "for the blood is the life (nefesh)" (Deuteronomy 12:23). Ruach - because it rises and descends, as it says, "Who knows the spirit (ruach) of the children of man, whether it goes upward" (Ecclesiastes 3:21). Neshamah - this is the disposition [text uncertain]; the creatures say, this is a good disposition. Chayah (living one) - because all the limbs die but it lives on in the body. Yechidah (unique one) - because all the limbs come in pairs but it alone is single in the body. This soul fills the whole body, and when a person sleeps it ascends and draws life for him from above. And for every breath that a person breathes he must praise the Holy One, blessed be He. What is the reason? "Let every breath praise the LORD" (Psalms 150:6) - upon every breath. "And the human became a living being" (Genesis 2:7) - this teaches that He made for him a tail like an animal and then removed it from him for the sake of his dignity. He made him a laborer who must toil, for if he does not labor he does not eat, as it is written, "The LORD has given me [into the hands of those I cannot withstand]" (Lamentations 1:14): he toils in Torah by night and by day and does not reach its end. Here Scripture calls the soul nefesh and elsewhere it calls the soul ruach; from where do we know to apply what is said there here and what is said here there? Scripture teaches by saying "life, life" - as a verbal analogy [gezeira shava].