I Have Heard Your Murmurings and the Falling of the Quail

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 259:1

"And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel" (Exodus 16:11-12). Rabbi Yehoshua says: The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Moses, Revealed before Me is what Israel said and what they are destined to say. "Speak to them, saying, At twilight you shall eat meat" (Exodus 16:12): Say to them, you stand between two matters. You asked Me for bread, since flesh and blood cannot live without bread, and I gave it to you. You turned back and asked for meat out of mere appetite, and behold I am giving it to you. Lest you say I have not the means to give it to you, in the end I will exact payment from you: "and you shall know that I am the LORD your God," I am the Judge to exact payment from you. "And it came to pass in the evening that the quail came up and covered the camp" (Exodus 16:13): from here you learn that the quail was given to Israel with a darkened face. "And it covered the camp": I do not know how much; Scripture teaches, "about two cubits upon the face of the earth" (Numbers 11:31), two cubits high above the ground, so that a person could stand and take it level with his heart, without strain and with upright stature, for from his heart downward is two cubits and from his heart upward is one cubit. Rabbi Yose the Galilean says: "And it spread out over the camp about a day's journey this way and a day's journey that way" (Numbers 11:31), three parasangs in each direction. Rabbi Yoshiyah says it teaches further measures, and Others say a middling day's journey is ten parasangs, hence twenty. "You set a table before me in the presence of my enemies" (Psalms 23:5); one might think the camp roads would be ruined, so Scripture says "upon the face of the earth," upon the open space of the earth. Rabbi Elazar of Modiin says: "about two cubits upon the face of the earth," the manna was two cubits high above the ground, and Israel took it only from the top. Come and see how the manna would come down for Israel: a north wind would go out and sweep the wilderness, rain would come down and pack the ground, dew would rise, and the wind would blow and make it like tables of gold, and the manna would come down upon them, and from them Israel would take it. And they said: If the Omnipresent prepared thus for those who anger Him, how much more will He pay good reward to the righteous in the time to come.

Themes