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Pharaoh Stood at Gehenna Until the Kings Arrived

A king arrived at Gehenna expecting fire. Pharaoh stood in the doorway with fifty days of sea-floor dark still in his mouth.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. Three Mouths in the Court
  2. The Idol That Survived
  3. Fifty Days Under the Water
  4. The Sentence Was His Mouth

The king who arrived at Gehenna expected fire. He found Pharaoh standing in the doorway, already talking.

Pharaoh Stood at Gehenna Until the Kings Arrived Click for full size

"O ye fools," Pharaoh said. "Why have ye not learnt knowledge from me?"

The new arrival had been a god in his own country. He had statues. He had priests. He had a mouth that used to finish sentences for heaven. Now he had to listen to a drowned man.

Three Mouths in the Court

Years earlier, three men sat in front of Pharaoh while the Hebrews were still a problem he thought he could solve with a decree.

Jethro spoke first. Do not destroy them, he said. Pharaoh's face went hard. Jethro was dismissed that same hour, driven out in disgrace, and sent toward Midian, where he would later sit at a well and meet the man who freed them.

Balaam urged the killing of the Hebrew males. He would be killed for his own counsel in the end.

Job folded his hands. "Behold, all the inhabitants of the land are in thy power. Let the king do as seemeth good in his eyes." He said nothing that would cost him the room. He would spend the rest of his life paying for that quiet.

Pharaoh, left with no one willing to refuse him, proceeded.

The Idol That Survived

The plagues came in sequence. Blood. Frogs. Lice. Beasts in the palace while Goshen stayed quiet. The line between Egypt and Israel was drawn on the ground, so no one could later call it chance.

Ten times the king was shown something that should have ended the argument. Ten times he stood firm. Sometimes he hardened himself. Sometimes God kept him stiff, because this man was going to go all the way to the water.

After the firstborn died, after the wailing rose from every house in Egypt, Pharaoh let Israel go. Then he changed his mind. He took his six hundred best chariots and drove hard toward the sea.

At the coast, at the sanctuary of Baal-zephon, he stopped. Every other idol in Egypt had been smashed or defiled. This one still stood. He took that as a sign. The god had survived. The god approved. He offered sacrifices at the altar, found his courage again, and pointed the chariots at the water.

The idol had been left standing for exactly this. One last reason to charge.

Fifty Days Under the Water

The sea opened. Israel crossed. The sea closed.

Egyptian bodies washed onto the shore so Israel could see them. No army had swum out the other side. No Egyptian had crossed alongside them. The drowned men also carried Egypt's gold and silver on their bodies, wages that returned, after generations, to the people who had earned them (Exodus 14:30).

Pharaoh himself did not wash ashore. He sank. He was held at the bottom of the sea for fifty days. Dark. Pressure. No throne. Sand in his mouth. The current turning him like a piece of wreckage that used to give orders.

Then he was brought up. Not to Memphis. Not to any palace. To a gate.

The Sentence Was His Mouth

Gehenna (גֵּיְהִנֹם), the place of divine judgment, has a doorway. Pharaoh was posted there to wait for kings.

Every ruler who had made himself a god walked through eventually. Every man who had looked at a suffering people and doubled their labor. Every heart that had gone stiff ten times against what was in front of it. Pharaoh opened his mouth each time.

"I denied the Lord God, and He brought ten plagues upon me, sent me to the bottom of the sea, kept me there for fifty days, released me, and brought me up. Thus I could not but believe in Him."

The man who had refused for decades to say those words now said them without end. Not darkness. Not fire. Not the forgetting of his name. Testimony.

Jethro had been banished for objecting. Balaam had died for encouraging the killing. Job had suffered for staying silent. Pharaoh had done all three, at different hours of his life, and then, too late for a throne, he believed.

A new king arrived. Pharaoh was still talking.


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From the tradition

Sources

3 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:57Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Legends of the Jews turns to Pharaoh Guards the Gates of Hell for Eternity.

Well, according to those whispers, Pharaoh never truly died.

He stands eternally at the gates of Gehenna, hell, a chilling sentinel. And as the kings of the nations arrive, he delivers a stark warning. As Legends of the Jews tells us, he cries out, "O ye fools! Why have ye not learnt knowledge from me? I am denied the Lord God, and He brought ten plagues upon me, sent me to the bottom of the sea, kept me there for fifty days, released me then, and brought me up. Thus I could not but believe in Him." A pretty powerful indictment. He becomes a testament, albeit a reluctant one, to the power of God.

The story doesn't end there. What about the bodies of the Egyptians? What became of them? It wasn't just happenstance that they washed ashore. According to tradition, there were very specific reasons why God ensured this happened.

First, to silence any doubt in the minds of the Israelites. They couldn't claim that the Egyptians had also escaped, simply by taking a different route. There was no parallel escape.

Second, to prevent the Egyptians from deluding themselves into thinking the Israelites had suffered the same fate as them. Everyone needed to know the truth.

Third, and this might be a little harder to swallow, the Israelites were entitled to the spoils. The silver, the gold, the precious adornments that the Egyptians wore – it all became the booty of the freed slaves.

And finally, perhaps the most human, and raw, reason of all: the Israelites deserved the satisfaction of seeing their enemies suffer. Imagine the scene: they could point, one by one, at the corpses. "This one was my taskmaster," they might say, "the one who beat me with those fists that the dogs are now gnawing on!" Or, "Yonder Egyptian – the dogs are chewing the very feet that kicked me!" Talk about visceral. Talk about a reckoning.

But it speaks to the depth of the trauma, the years of suffering endured by the Israelites. As Ginzberg retells it in Legends of the Jews, this final act provided closure, a brutal, but perhaps necessary, end to a chapter of enslavement.

These legends aren't always comfortable. They force us to confront the darker aspects of human nature, the desire for revenge, the need for justice. But they also remind us of the power of belief, the enduring nature of faith, and the importance of remembering, always remembering, where we came from. What do you think? Does knowing the 'why' behind the Egyptian's fate change how you see the Exodus story?

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Legends of the Jews 4:29Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

It’s a scene ripe with drama, intrigue, and conflicting advice.

The story begins, as many of the best stories do, with a betrayal. Jethro, also known as Reuel, later to become Moses' father-in-law, dared to speak out against Pharaoh’s growing hostility towards the Hebrews. That Pharaoh was "exceedingly wroth with him," and Jethro was promptly dismissed from his position in disgrace, forced to flee to Midian. Ouch.

Left without Jethro's counsel, Pharaoh turned to other advisors, seeking their opinions on how to deal with the growing "problem" of the Hebrew population. First up was Job. Yes, that Job, the one of immense suffering and unwavering faith. And what was his advice? Well, not much, actually. As the text recounts, Job essentially washed his hands of the situation, saying, "Behold, all the inhabitants of the land are in thy power. Let the king do as seemeth good in his eyes. Especially coming from someone known for his moral fortitude.

Finally, Pharaoh called upon Balaam. Balaam, a fascinating and complex figure, was a non-Israelite prophet known for his powerful blessings and curses (Numbers 22-24). Now, Balaam's advice is where things get really interesting. According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, Balaam essentially warned Pharaoh that any attempt to destroy the Hebrews through methods that had challenged their forefathers would fail. "From all that the king may devise against the Hebrews, they will be delivered," Balaam declared.

He reminded Pharaoh that the Hebrews’ God had saved Abraham from the fiery furnace, as we see in the Book of Genesis and elaborated upon in various Midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) traditions. "If thou thinkest to diminish them by the flaming fire, thou wilt not prevail over them, for their God delivered Abraham their father from the furnace." He further pointed out that Isaac had been spared from sacrifice, referencing the binding of Isaac (Akeidah) in Genesis 22. "Perhaps thou thinkest to destroy them with a sword, but their father Isaac was delivered from being slaughtered by the sword.” And, he added, even the back-breaking labor that Jacob endured while working for Laban couldn't break the Hebrews. "And if thou thinkest to reduce them through hard and rigorous labor, thou wilt also not prevail, for their father Jacob served Laban in all manner of hard work, and yet he prospered.”

So, what WAS Balaam's advice? His suggestion was chilling: target the newborn male children by throwing them into the Nile. "If it please the king, let him order all the male children that shall be born in Israel from this day forward to be thrown into the water. Thereby canst thou wipe out their name, for neither any of them nor any of their fathers was tried in this way.”

This was a tactic that hadn’t been used before, a way to circumvent the protective hand that had guided the patriarchs. A truly horrific suggestion! It’s a stark reminder of the depths of cruelty to which fear and prejudice can lead. We read in (Exodus 1:22), "Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, ‘Every boy that is born to the Hebrews you shall throw into the Nile, but you shall let every girl live.’"

What's so fascinating about this whole episode is the way it highlights the power of memory and the weight of history. Pharaoh and his advisors weren't just dealing with a present-day population; they were confronting a people deeply connected to their past, a past filled with divine interventions and miraculous escapes. Did Pharaoh truly believe he could outsmart the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob? Maybe. Or perhaps he was simply blinded by fear and a desperate desire to maintain control.

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Legends of the Jews 1:18Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

That’s kind of what the Israelites were facing as they fled Egypt.

Pharaoh, that stubborn ruler, wasn't about to let them go easily. After the plagues, after the death of the firstborn, he finally relented… but then, of course, he changed his mind. And he wasn’t just annoyed; he was furious. As the Israelites made their escape, Pharaoh was comforted by the sole Egyptian idol that had remained intact, Baal-zephon.

When Pharaoh reached the sanctuary of Baal-zephon, he rejoiced that at least this idol had been spared from annihilation, unlike the others in Egypt. He immediately offered sacrifices, finding solace in the belief that Baal-zephon approved of his plan: to drown the children of Israel in the sea.

The Israelites are on the run, finally free after generations of slavery. They look behind them, and what do they see? Not just Pharaoh, not just his army, but huge detachments of Egyptian soldiers bearing down on them. And, as if that weren’t enough, they realize they're boxed in. In Migdol there were other troops stationed, even more than their own numbers, counting men, women, and children.

Talk about panic setting in!

But that's not all. The sight that terrified them most, we’re told, was the Angel of Egypt. The angel, a powerful, supernatural being, was darting through the air to assist the Egyptians.

It’s no wonder the Israelites freaked out. And who did they turn to in their fear? Moses, of course.

"What have you done to us?" they cried. "Now they will punish us for everything: for the death of their firstborn, for running off with their money! It was your fault, Moses! You told us to borrow gold and silver from our Egyptian neighbors and leave with their property!"

You’ve led your people out of slavery, you've witnessed miracles, and now they're blaming you for everything! It just goes to show you, even after experiencing the extraordinary, human nature remains… well, human. How did he calm their fears and lead them forward? We'll just have to wait and see.

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