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Rabbi Joseph della Reyna Tried to Force the Redemption

A kabbalist conjured Elijah and asked how to chain the Prince of Evil. He came within one act of forcing the Messiah's arrival. One mistake ended everything.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Prophet Who Kept Turning Up
  2. Elijah Argued the Other Side
  3. The Angel Who Ties the Crowns
  4. One Indiscretion, Unnamed
  5. What It Cost the Five

The formula worked, which was the first bad sign, though nobody in the room read it that way.

Rabbi Joseph della Reyna Tried to Force the Redemption Click for full size

Rabbi Joseph della Reyna had five disciples with him and months of fasting behind all six of them. They had prayed through nights that had no reason to end well. They had kept the vigils and the abstinences that the books said would clear a man's mouth enough to say certain words without being destroyed by them. Then the words were said, and Elijah was standing there.

Joseph spoke first, and he spoke carefully, the way a man speaks when he has rehearsed. "Peace be with you, our master. True prophet, bearer of salvation, do not be displeased that I have troubled you to come here. God knows I have not done it for myself, and not for my own honor. I am zealous for the name and the honor of God, and I know your desire is the same as mine. Tell me by what means I can conquer Samael."

The Prophet Who Kept Turning Up

Elijah had been reachable for a long time by then. Going up in the whirlwind had not ended his dealings with people; if anything it started the part of his career that mattered, as a helper in bad hours and a teacher to men who needed one. Seven years after he left the earth he wrote a letter down to Jehoram of Judah, a wicked king, from wherever it is that he now lives. Later he put on the face of the courtier Harbonah and stood at Ahasuerus's table, and at the right moment he turned the king against Haman.

Kabbalists knew this, and some of them had the formulas that would bring him. He took disciples to the tomb of the patriarchs at Hebron and from there up to the academy in heaven, where it did not always go well. The angels were not pleased to have someone born of a woman walking among them, and one such student was so frightened by what they put into him that he begged Elijah to carry him back down to the ground. Elijah calmed him and went on teaching him anyway.

So Joseph knew what he was calling and knew the terror attached to it, and he called anyway.

Elijah Argued the Other Side

Elijah tried to talk him out of it. The prophet of the redemption stood in a room full of men who had starved themselves for months to reach him, and spent his first answer arguing against them.

He described Samael to him. Not as a rival power, since there is no rival power, but as an accuser whose strength is fed from a supply that never runs dry, because the supply is human sin. Every generation tops him up. A man who goes at that with fasting and holy names is not fighting a fixed opponent; he is fighting something that grows while he is preparing to fight it. Elijah laid this out and waited.

Joseph did not move. He had already decided, back before the vigils, that the exile had gone on long enough and that somebody had to do something, and the argument that Samael was too strong only proved to him how badly the work was needed. He asked again.

So Elijah gave him what he wanted. He named the measures and the tactics for the combat. He listed the pious deeds, one by one, that would draw the notice of the archangel Sandalphon, and he said that from Sandalphon, and not from himself, Joseph would learn the method of the war.

The Angel Who Ties the Crowns

Sandalphon is the one who stands on the earth with his head up among the living creatures, taller than his fellow by a walk of five hundred years. He waits behind the chariot. When the songs and prayers go up out of the synagogues and the study houses, they cut their way through the firmaments until they reach him, and he takes them in his hands and ties them into crowns. Then he says the Name over a crown and lets go, and it rises on its own and settles on the head of its Maker.

He has other work. The Temple was destroyed only in appearance, and it is standing where it always stood, out of sight of ordinary eyes, and Sandalphon offers the sacrifices in it.

Joseph did the deeds Elijah had listed. He did them exactly, and the archangel came.

One Indiscretion, Unnamed

He had it. The advantage was in his hands, and it was not a small one: if he had gone on obeying, if he had done everything Sandalphon told him and nothing beside it, he would have beaten Samael and pulled the redemption of the world forward into his own lifetime.

At one point he committed an indiscretion.

What it was, nobody will say. The letter to Jehoram survives, and the courtier's disguise at Ahasuerus's table, and the exact height of an angel measured in walking years, but not one word about the thing Joseph della Reyna did in the middle of his own victory. Whatever it was, it took a moment. It was enough to hand back everything the fasting had bought.

What It Cost the Five

Samael got his power back, and he used it on the man who had taken it from him.

The ruin was not Joseph's alone. The five who had fasted beside him, who had held the vigils and said the formulas and stood in the room when the prophet appeared, went down with him, because they had put themselves inside his undertaking and there was no separate account for them. Six men had gone looking for the end of history. What arrived instead was the thing they had almost beaten, restored to its full strength and in no hurry at all.

Above all of it Sandalphon went on working. He stood where he stands, behind the chariot, level with the living creatures, tying the morning's prayers into a crown and sending it up under the Name, and the prayers that reached his hands that day came out of ordinary houses in ordinary towns, from people who had never once asked how long.


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From the tradition

Sources

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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 7:21Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

They get collected, woven into something beautiful, something divine. And that's where Sandalphon comes in.

Sandalphon. It's a name that resonates with power. He's described as one of the greatest, mightiest angels – a truly fiery being! And his job? To weave garlands for God out of the prayers of Israel.

That's not all Sandalphon does. The destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem, the Beit Hamikdash (the Holy Temple in Jerusalem)… it was devastating. But some traditions suggest that its destruction was only apparent. That in reality, it continues to exist, hidden from our everyday sight. And in this invisible sanctuary, Sandalphon offers up sacrifices. A reminder that even in times of loss, something sacred endures.

Let's The familiar story is this: Elijah taken up to heaven in a whirlwind. But did that mark the end of his involvement with us? Quite the opposite, actually! It was almost the beginning of his real work, his true calling as a helper, a teacher, a guide.

Initially, his interventions were rare. The Zohar, that foundational text of Jewish mysticism, hints at the immense power and responsibility he now carried. One of the earliest recorded instances is a letter he wrote to the wicked King Jehoram of Judah seven years after his ascent. Think about the weight of that message, delivered from a prophet who now walked in the heavenly realms!

But perhaps one of the most dramatic examples of Elijah's continued involvement comes during the story of Purim. Remember Haman, the villainous advisor to King Ahasuerus who plotted to destroy the Jews? According to tradition, Elijah played a crucial, albeit disguised, role in foiling Haman’s plans. He assumed the guise of Harbonah, a courtier, and at just the right moment, he turned the king against Haman. As Ginzberg retells it in Legends of the Jews, this seemingly chance event was actually a carefully orchestrated intervention by Elijah himself.

So, what does all this mean? What are we supposed to take away from these stories of angels and prophets intervening in human affairs? Maybe it's this: that even when we feel most alone, most vulnerable, we are not forgotten. Our prayers are heard. Help is always possible, sometimes from the most unexpected sources. And perhaps, just perhaps, the line between heaven and earth is thinner than we think.

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Hagigah 13aTalmud Bavli, Hagigah

Translation of the source text.William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic · CC-BY-NC

"And I saw the living creatures, and behold one wheel upon the earth beside the living creatures" (Ezekiel 1:15). Rabbi Elazar said: This is one angel who stands upon the earth, and his head reaches up beside the living creatures.

It was taught in a baraita: His name is Sandalphon, who is taller than his fellow by a journey of five hundred years. And he stands behind the chariot and binds crowns for his Maker.

Is that so? But is it not written: "Blessed be the glory of the LORD from His place" (Ezekiel 3:12), from which it follows that no one knows His place? Rather, he pronounces a name over the crown, and it goes and rests upon His head.

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Legends of the Jews 7:80Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Legends of the Jews turns to Elijah Appears to Disciples Who Master Mystical Secrets.

We learn that after a disciple had thoroughly absorbed these mystical teachings, Elijah would take him to the me’arat hamachpelah, the Tomb of the Patriarchs, and then onward to the heavenly academy. Now, it first appears the angels would be thrilled to have such a pious visitor. But according to the legends, the angels were "little pleased by the intrusion of one 'born of woman.'" They filled him with such terror that he begged Elijah to bring him back to earth! Elijah, ever the patient mentor, calmed his fears and continued to instruct him in the mystical science, using a system that the disciple later recorded in his own works.

This idea of invoking Elijah wasn't just a one-time thing. The Kabbalists, those deeply learned in Jewish mysticism, were often believed to have the power to summon Elijah. They could conjure him up using specific formulas. But, as the story of Rabbi Joseph della Reyna shows us, this wasn't something to be taken lightly.

Rabbi Joseph della Reyna was a renowned scholar, a saintly man. But he had a truly audacious goal: to bring about the redemption of humankind by defeating Samael, the Prince of Evil.! After intense prayer, fasting, and ascetic practices, Rabbi Joseph, along with five of his disciples, set out to conjure Elijah.

When the prophet appeared before him, Rabbi Joseph addressed him with utmost respect: "Peace be with thee, our master! True prophet, bearer of salvation, be not displeased with me that I have troubled thee to come hither... I am zealous for the name and the honor of God, and I know thy desire is the same as mine... I pray thee, therefore, to grant my petition, tell me with what means I can conquer Satan."

Elijah, knowing the immense power of Satan – a power that grows with every sin committed by humanity – initially tried to dissuade the rabbi. But Rabbi Joseph was resolute. So, Elijah, relenting, outlined the steps needed for this perilous battle. He told Rabbi Joseph which pious deeds would attract the attention of the archangel Sandalphon, who would then reveal the tactics needed to wage war.

According to this legend, Rabbi Joseph followed Elijah's instructions meticulously. He even managed to summon Sandalphon for assistance! If he had continued to follow instructions precisely, if he had completely heeded Sandalphon's advice, he would have triumphed over Satan and brought about the world's redemption.

But here’s where the story takes a tragic turn. At a crucial moment, Rabbi Joseph made a mistake, a single indiscretion. And that was all it took. Satan, regaining his power, used it to bring about the ruin of Rabbi Joseph and his devoted disciples.

What a cautionary tale! It speaks to the immense power of both good and evil, and the razor's edge that separates success from devastating failure when dealing with forces beyond our comprehension. And perhaps, it also hints at the profound responsibility that comes with seeking knowledge of the divine.

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