Parshat Beshalach

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The splitting of the Red Sea, the Song of the Sea, the miracle of manna, water from the rock, and the battle against Amalek. Exodus 13:17-17:16.

The Ten Deaths Written for Moses in the Torah

Midrash Rabbah Devarim Rabbah 11:10

It sounds almost unbelievable, doesn't it? Yet, according to Devarim Rabbah, this is precisely the monumental struggle Moses faced at the end of his life. Rabbi Yoḥanan tells us th...

CreationHeavenAngelsDemons

Why Ecclesiastes Begins in the Middle of the Story

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 12:1

You're dropped right into the action, and you wonder, "Wait, shouldn't this have been explained earlier?" Well, the ancient rabbis grappled with a similar feeling about the Book of...

CreationMosesKing DavidSolomon

Elijah — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 15:1

And the ancient Rabbis, in their commentary called Kohelet Rabbah, dive deep into a specific verse that really makes you think: "What has been, already is, and what will be has alr...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Dina — Pharaoh at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 8:1

Take the verse from Ecclesiastes (10:8): “One who digs a pit will fall into it; and one who breaches a fence, a serpent will bite him.” It's a powerful image. But what does it real...

CreationHell/GehennaAdam & EvePatriarchs

Rabbi Eliezer and the Lawgiver

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 11:1

It all starts with a verse from Ecclesiastes (12:11): "The words of the wise are like goads, and like nails well fastened are the collectors of wisdom; they are given from one shep...

MosesKing DavidSolomonTorah

Shifra and Puah the Midwives Who Defied Pharaoh

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:13

Our story begins in ancient Egypt, where the Israelites are flourishing, a little too flourishing for the liking of the Pharaoh. He sees their growing numbers as a threat, and so, ...

JosephMosesSolomonJob

The Midwives Who Feared God and Saved the Boys

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:15

We all know about Moses, about the plagues, about the parting of the Red Sea. But what about the women who defied a king's cruel decree and saved countless Israelite babies? The To...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMoses

God Rewards the Midwives With Dynasties of Their Own

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:17

Specifically, we're diving into Shemot Rabbah 1, which offers a fascinating take on (Exodus 1:21): "It was because the midwives feared God, He made houses for them.” But what exact...

HeavenJosephMosesKing David

Moses and the Angels of Amram

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:19

"A man from the house of Levi went and he took a daughter of Levi" (Exodus 2:1). Simple enough. But the Rabbis of the Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), in Shemot Rabbah, ...

AngelsPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

What God Saw and Knew About Israel's Suffering

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:36

to one, from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. The verse we're looking at is simple, yet profound: “God saw the children of Israel, and...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsMosesKing David

The Burning Bush That Was Not Consumed by the Flames

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 2:5

“An angel of the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire from the midst of the bush. He looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, but the bush was not consumed” (Exodus 3:2). ...

CreationHeavenAngelsPatriarchs

Aaron — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 15:14

Our starting point is the verse "This month shall be for you" (Exodus 12:2). But Shemot Rabbah, in its characteristic way, finds a connection to (Micah 6:4): "I sent Moses, Aaron, ...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Egypt — Giving of the Torah

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 17:4

We often focus on the miracles, the parting of the Red Sea, the giving of the Torah. But nestled within that incredible narrative are moments of sheer, unadulterated divine power.....

AngelsCreaturesJosephMoses

Moses Led Israel Out but Never Reached the Land

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:8

That bittersweet feeling is ancient, deeply human, and, believe it or not, it echoes in the story of Moses and the Exodus. : Moses. MOSES! The guy who stood up to Pharaoh, who part...

JosephMosesHoly LandEgypt

Humility of Moses of Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:17

You'd think after all that, they'd want to get there as quickly as possible. But the Torah tells us something curious: "God led the people around, via the wilderness by the Red Sea...

JosephMosesHoly LandEgypt

Moses Carries Joseph's Coffin Out of Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 20:19

We all know about the plagues, the parting of the Red Sea... but there's a smaller, more personal story woven into the grand narrative of the Exodus. It's a story of loyalty, promi...

CreationAdam & EveJosephMoses

God Knows Your Heart Before You Even Pray

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:3

Jewish tradition offers a powerful and comforting perspective on this very human feeling. It suggests that God isn't just listening, but already knows what's in our hearts, even be...

MosesSolomonDanielTorah

Moses and the Promised Land of Egyptians

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:9

The scene unfolds like this: the Israelites are trapped between the pursuing Egyptian army and the seemingly insurmountable Red Sea. Moses, holding his staff, is their leader, thei...

MosesHoly LandEgypt

The First Song Ever Sung From Creation Until the Sea

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 23:4

It all starts with the verse, "Then Moses…sang" (Exodus 15:1). The Rabbis connect this to (Proverbs 31:26), "She opens her mouth with wisdom, and the teaching of kindness is on her...

CreationAngelsAdam & EvePatriarchs

Who Got to Sing First After the Sea Was Split

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 23:7

The story begins, as we all know, with the parting of the Red Sea. A moment of unimaginable salvation for the Israelites, fleeing slavery in Egypt. Moses leads the people, and as t...

JosephMosesKing DavidProphecy

How God Can Be Warrior and Teacher All at Once

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 28:5

Shemot Rabbah (a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus) offers a mind-bending perspective on this, using God as the ultimate example. It begins with the simp...

MosesJobTorahEgypt

What the Revelation at Sinai Really Looked Like

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 29:2

We often picture it as a solitary moment, maybe Moses standing on the mountain alone. But Jewish tradition paints a much grander, more awe-inspiring picture. Get ready for this… Sh...

MosesKing DavidDivine NamesHoly Land

The Terrifying Power and Awe of Receiving the Torah

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 29:9

We often picture a grand, almost theatrical event. But the ancient texts hint at something far more profound, and even a little terrifying. The Shemot Rabbah, a classic collection ...

CreationMosesKing DavidSolomon

Golden Calf and the Fires of Gehenna

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 30:7

It all starts with a seemingly straightforward verse from (Exodus 21:37): “If a man steals an ox or a sheep and slaughters it or sells it, he shall pay five cattle for the ox and f...

Hell/GehennaJosephMosesKing David

Betzalel's Transgression and the Tabernacle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 40:1

This week, we're diving into a fascinating passage from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Exodus. It all starts with God choosing Betzalel to b...

CreationAdam & EveMosesJob

God Tells Moses to Find Ten Righteous People

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 44:7

He was trying to save the Israelites from destruction, and the story goes something like this… God, seeing the Israelites’ transgressions, essentially challenges Moses. "Find me te...

PatriarchsMosesHoly Land

Why the People Gazed After Moses When He Left the Tent

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 45:4

The Torah gives us glimpses, but the Rabbis, in their wisdom, fill in the colors, adding depth and humanity to these sacred moments. The verse we're focusing on is (Exodus 33:8): "...

HeavenAngelsMosesHoly Land

Betzalel and the Dreamer

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 48:4

The Torah portion of Terumah introduces us to Betzalel, the artisan chosen to construct the Mishkan, the Tabernacle. But where did he get all that skill? Shemot Rabbah, a classical...

JosephMosesKing DavidSolomon

The Heavenly Court Where Truth and Mercy Argue

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 9:1

The book of Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Song of Songs, delves into this very question. It uses vivid imagery and insightful debates to pai...

HeavenMosesSolomonElijah

Seeing the Exodus Through a Deeply Human and Moral Lens

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 9:4

The ancient rabbis certainly did. And they found ways to see even the most epic struggles, like the Exodus from Egypt, through a deeply human lens. They weren't just interested in ...

CreationAngelsMosesKing David

The Gifts of Gold That Adorned Israel Like a Bride

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 11:1

It's not just a love poem, but a lens through which to view the most precious gifts given to the Jewish people. to one fascinating interpretation from Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a colle...

Noah & FloodJosephMosesSolomon

God Gives Israel the Torah Like Priceless Gems

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 3:3

And what was God's response? According to Rabbi Yehuda bar Simon in Shir HaShirim Rabbah, it was like a king with priceless gems being asked for a treasure by his son. The king doe...

JosephMosesKing DavidSolomon

Messiah — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 8:2

Jewish tradition understands that feeling, and offers a powerful image to overcome it: God leaping over mountains. We find this image in Shir HaShirim Rabbah, the commentary on the...

CreationJosephMosesMessiah

Israel Trapped Like a Dove Between Pharaoh and the Sea

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 14:2

The ancient rabbis certainly understood that feeling, and they used powerful stories to explore it. The Shir HaShirim Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Song o...

Adam & EveJosephMosesPrayer

Rod and Serpent of Elazar

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 14:3

The ancient rabbis certainly knew that feeling. And they found it mirrored in one of the most dramatic moments in the Torah: the splitting of the Red Sea. In Shir HaShirim Rabbah, ...

MosesHoly LandEgypt

Wisdom of Solomon of Songs

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 3:1

Take this one, from (Song of Songs 4:3): “Your lips are like a scarlet thread, and your speech is lovely; your temple is like a pomegranate slice behind your braid.” What does it e...

MosesSolomonTempleHoly Land

Jacob and Creation of Jordan

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 4:3

Sometimes, the answer lies not in the present, but in the deep echoes of the past, in the merit of our ancestors. to a fascinating exploration of this idea, as seen through the len...

CreationPatriarchsMosesKing David

The Exiles Destined to Return to the Peak of Amana

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 8:2

Our sages pondered just such a return, a return from exile so profound it would reshape the world. This vision is beautifully captured in Shir HaShirim Rabbah, the commentary on th...

CreationPatriarchsJosephMoses

Sarai's Prayer

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 11:4

It's more than just letters; it's a tapestry woven with meaning, with whispers of divine intention. Take the story of the letter yod, that smallest of Hebrew letters, shaped like a...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsMoses

A Scholar Without Wisdom Is Worse Than a Carcass

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 1:15

Vayikra Rabbah, the great Midrash on the Book of Leviticus, dives right into this question with a startling statement. It says that a Torah scholar without sense – meaning, without...

HeavenJosephMosesTorah

Why Aaron Made the Golden Calf and What He Really Thought

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 10:3

We all know the story from Exodus 32 – the Israelites, impatient for Moses to return from the mountain, pressure Aaron to create a god for them. He obliges, a golden calf is made, ...

MosesTempleMessiahProphecy

When Israel Sacrificed Too Eagerly in the Wilderness

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 22:5

It wasn't all manna from heaven and miraculous wells, you know. There was a lot of… well, let's call it "divine growing pains." The Vayikra Rabbah, a fascinating collection of rabb...

MosesTemplePrayerHoly Land

“Pay them retribution, Lord, according to their handiwork”

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 3:22

“Pay them retribution, Lord, according to their handiwork” (Lamentations 3:64).“Pay them retribution” – Jeremiah said: “Pay them retribution.” Asaf said: “Pay our neighbors retribu...

TorahMosesProphecyTemple

God Assigned Every Person in History a Role

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah, Petichta 10

From the very first moment of creation, God assigned every major figure in history a specific role. Esther Rabbah preserves a remarkable list, attributed to Rabbi Berekhya, that re...

CreationPatriarchsMosesProphecy

Kadmon — Adam at the Dawn of Creation

Other Texts The Wars of God 4:21

This is a tricky concept, one that's tripped up even seasoned students of Kabbalah. We're diving deep into the nature of the Divine, grappling with ideas about creation, generation...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodJoseph

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayeshev 4

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayeshev 4

And Joseph was brought down into Egypt (Gen. 39:1). Scripture states elsewhere in reference to this verse: Come and see the works of God; he acts circuitously in His doings toward ...

DeathEgyptWarJoseph

Midrash Tanchuma, Miketz 3

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Miketz 3

And, behold, there came up out of the river seven kine (Gen. 41:2) After he (Pharaoh) had his dream, he summoned all his magicians. Whereupon the Holy Spirit called out: Where are ...

Dreams & VisionsJosephEgyptMoses

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayigash 7

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayigash 7

And Joseph made ready his chariot (Gen. 46:29). R. Yudan said in the name of R. Aibu: Two men were accorded more homage than any other men in all the world; they were Jethro and Ja...

MerkavahJosephMosesHumor