Parshat Shemot

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The Israelites' enslavement in Egypt, the birth of Moses, Moses at the burning bush, and God's call to liberate His people. Exodus 1:1-6:1.

The Offering of Bikkurim and Gratitude for the Land

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 297:4

Our ancestors felt that way about the land itself. But how did they express that gratitude, and what were the specific rules around it? Today, we're diving into the ancient mitzvah...

TorahPrayerHoly Land

The High Priest Reconciles Israel with Their Father

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 352:5

They saw layers of connection, echoes of stories past, and whispers of divine intent in every word. Take, for instance, a passage from Sifrei Devarim, a legal midrash on the Book o...

HeavenPatriarchsKing DavidSolomon

Jordan River in David's Court

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 357:16

We know he wasn't destined to cross the Jordan River, to set foot in that land flowing with milk and honey. But what did God show him in those final moments? The book of Sifrei Dev...

King DavidHoly LandJudgesTribes

Joseph Read the Three Patriarchs in a Dream About Grapes

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 40

Genesis 40 tells a straightforward story: two prisoners dream, Joseph interprets, one lives, one dies. The Targum Jonathan transforms this episode into a prophetic vision of Israel...

Dreams & VisionsJosephHumorWar

Jacob's Blessing Ended the Famine and the Shekhinah Appeared at His Bed

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 47

Targum Jonathan takes the story of Jacob's settlement in Egypt and layers it with theological details the Torah never mentions—including an economic revolution, a hidden act of kin...

JosephHumorHeresyAdam & Eve

Israel Found Eden's Jewels Washed Up on the Red Sea Shore

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Exodus 14

The splitting of the Red Sea is dramatic enough in the Hebrew Bible. The Targum Jonathan on (Exodus 14) turns it into something almost mythological, adding details about the Garden...

DeathJudgmentMerkavah

The Fire That Killed Nadab and Abihu Entered Their Nostrils

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Leviticus 10

Nadab and Abihu, the two eldest sons of Aaron, offered unauthorized incense—and died. The Hebrew Bible says fire "came out from the Lord and consumed them" (Leviticus 10:2). The Ta...

SacrificeDeathJudgment

The Blasphemer Who Came From Egypt and Had No Tribe

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Leviticus 24

Leviticus 24 tells the story of a man who blasphemed God's Name and was stoned. The Targum Jonathan turns this brief account into a full courtroom drama with backstory, legal philo...

TorahTribesHumorJudgment

A Dream Follows Its Interpretation

Talmud Aggadah Berakhot 55b

The principle that a dream follows its interpretation is not an abstraction. The Talmud in Berakhot 55b demonstrates it through the life of Joseph—and through a hard rule about tim...

Dreams & VisionsProphecySupernatural

Description of the richness in oil of the province of Asher

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 86

The tribe of Asher received its inheritance in a strip of land along the northern coast of the Land of Israel, and the blessing that Moses gave them proved spectacularly true: "Let...

WisdomChanukahTribes

God Revealed in Bush

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 42

A pagan philosopher once came to Rabban Gamliel with a question designed to embarrass him: "Your God claims to be the ruler of all creation, the master of the heavens and the earth...

WisdomAdam & EveRevelation

Korah’s Riches & Fall

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 389

Korah's riches were legendary — and his fall was proportional to his wealth. The Talmud (Pesahim 119a, Jerusalem Talmud Sanhedrin 10:1) and Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer describe a fortun...

WisdomRebellionWealthAdam & Eve

Companion in Paradise

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 413

Companion in Paradise. Taanit, f. 21b. Maase Buch No. 39. Ben Gorion II, p. 220, 354- cf. Bousset, Der ver- borg. Heilige, Archiv. f. Relig.Wiss. col. 21, p. iff. Conde Lucanor, ch...

DeathPatriarchsHeavenParadise

Exempla of the Rabbis, Tale 448

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 448

A star fell from heaven — and its fall marked the beginning of a corruption that would lead to the great Flood. The Midrash (Genesis Rabbah of Rabbi Moses HaDarshan, Midrash Abkhir...

PatriarchsHeavenAngelsNoah & Flood

Metatron - Jewish Encyclopedia (1906)

Midrash Aggadah Jewish Encyclopedia, "Metatron" (1906)

Metatron is the name of an angel found only in Jewish literature. Elisha b. Abuyah, seeing this angel in the heavens, believed there were "two powers" or divinities (Hag. 15a). Whe...

AngelsDeathHeavenMysticism

The Earth Opened and Swallowed Korah's Entire Assembly

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 18:11

We find ourselves in the Book of Numbers, Bamidbar in Hebrew, specifically in the midst of the rebellion led by Korah. Now, Korah wasn't just some random disgruntled guy; he was a ...

SoulRepentanceRebellionDivine justice

Korah's Transgression of Rabbis

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 18:13

We find it in Numbers chapter 16, when Korah and his followers challenge Moses and Aaron's leadership. The consequences? Let's just say they were…earth-shattering. "The earth opene...

Hell/GehennaKing DavidMessiahHoly Land

The Clumsy Villager Who Smashed the Glazier's Goblets

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 19:6

No. The text from Bereshit Rabbah 19 offers some fascinating insights into this pivotal moment in the Garden of Eden. Rabbi Yudan, quoting Rabbi Yoḥanan ben Zakkai, and Rabbi Berek...

CreationAdam & EveTorahRepentance

The Wheat and the Chaff in Jacob's Legacy

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 83:5

Like everyone's shouting, "Me! Me! It's all about me!" Well, the ancient rabbis felt that too, and they captured this human tendency in a beautiful, earthy parable found in Bereshi...

King DavidProphecyHoly Land

Jacob Sends His Sons Back to Egypt in Famine

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 91:11

Our ancestors certainly did. This week, we're diving into Bereshit Rabbah 91, a section of the great Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic collection that unpacks the Book o...

CreationPatriarchsPrayerMiracles

Elisheva's Song

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 6:7

That’s the story woven into the ancient commentary on the Song of Songs, Shir HaShirim Rabbah, and it centers on a woman named Elisheva. The verse "Who is this ascending…," from (S...

TorahTempleMessiahDeath

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 14

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 14

And he planted a vineyard (Gen. 9:20). Noah was one of four men who introduced four things. Noah introduced planting, as it is written: And he planted a vineyard; cursing when he s...

SacrificeYetzer Hara (Evil Inclination)PriesthoodNoah & Flood

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayechi 6

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayechi 6

And it came to pass after these things (Gen. 48:1). What is written previously on this subject? And the time drew near that Israel must die, and he called his son Joseph (Gen. 47:2...

DeathTribesPatriarchsJacob

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayechi 9

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayechi 9

Reuben, thou art My firstborn, My might and the first fruits of My strength; the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power. unstable as water, have not thou the excellency...

TorahWomen of the BibleTribesBirth

Midrash Tanchuma, Bo 10

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Bo 10

And the Lord said unto Moses and Aaron: “This is the ordinance of the passover” (Exod. 12:43). There are chapters of the Torah in which a general statement is made at the beginning...

SacrificeHolidaysCovenant

Midrash Tanchuma, Beshalach 18

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Beshalach 18

And Moses led Israel onward from the Red Sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur (Exod. 15:22). The wilderness of Shur is actually the wilderness of Kazab. They say that...

DeathAdam & EveExodusJonah

Midrash Tanchuma, Yitro 2

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Yitro 2

18:1). Some hear and lose (their reward), while others hear and are rewarded. Joash heard and lost (his reward), just as it is said: Then the king hearkened unto him (II Chron. 24:...

JudgmentDivine justiceWarAdam & Eve

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayakhel 9

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayakhel 9

And he made the boards for the tabernacle of acacia-wood (Exod. 36:20). R. Tahlifa of Caesarea said: The Holy One, blessed be He, taught man correct behavior. If a man desired to b...

TorahTempleCommandments

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayikra 5

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayikra 5

(Lev. 1:7:) “And the sons of Aaron the Priest shall put fire upon the altar, and they shall lay wood in order upon the fire.” (Tamid 2:3:) All of the trees are proper for [altar] f...

SacrificeTemplePriesthoodShabbat

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayikra 6

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayikra 6

(Lev. 4:1–2:) “And the Lord spoke unto Moses, saying, … ‘When a soul sins [by mistake]….’” Let our master instruct us: Is it right for one to enter the Temple Mount with his staff ...

JudgmentTzedakah (Charity)SinSoul

Midrash Tanchuma, Achrei Mot 1

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Achrei Mot 1

(Lev. 16:1:) “After the death of Aaron's two sons.” This text is related (to Eccl. 9:2), “Since everything [happens] to everyone, the same lot [falls] to the righteous and to the w...

DeathHumorKingsSolomon

Midrash Tanchuma, Bamidbar 11

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Bamidbar 11

(Numb. 2:2:) “Each with his standard, under the banners [for their fathers' houses….]” This text is related (to Cant. 6:10), “Who is this woman that shines through like the dawn, a...

TorahTribesWomen of the BibleCharity

Midrash Tanchuma, Korach 7

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Korach 7

(Numb. 16:15, cont.:) “And he said unto the Lord, ‘Pay no attention unto their meal offering.’” Do not accept them in repentance.32Numb. R. 18:10, cont. Scripture should have said,...

SacrificeSinAdam & EveKings

The First Torah

Apocrypha Jubilees 1:1-4

We often picture Moses on Mount Sinai, receiving the divine word directly from God. Forty days and forty nights of dictation. But what if I told you there's another story, a fascin...

CreationAngelsHeavenMessiah

Abraham In Egypt

Apocrypha Genesis Apocryphon 19-20

The land was barren. A terrible famine gripped the region, forcing Abraham and Sarah to seek refuge in Egypt. They first tried Hebron, but the hunger was everywhere. So, they journ...

CreationPatriarchsMosesAdam & Eve

Caleb and Joshua Stood Faithful Among Spies

Apocrypha Ben Sira 46:10

Our story comes from the wisdom of Ben Sira, also known as Ecclesiasticus, a book of wisdom literature. It’s part of the Jewish writings of the Second Temple period, writings that ...

MosesWisdomDivine Names

Faith of Elijah

Apocrypha Ben Sira 48:9

Or Eliyahu, as he's known in Hebrew. He wasn't exactly known for his gentle touch. Ben Sira, in chapter 48, paints a picture of a man of intense zeal. “And he shattered their staff...

HeavenHell/GehennaMosesMessiah

The Sanctuary Rebuilt on Mount Zion

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 2:1

This ancient Jewish text, considered scripture by some but excluded from the standard biblical canon, paints a sweeping picture of history and destiny. And within its pages, we fin...

AngelsMosesTemplePrayer

Lesser Genesis - The Book of Jubilees Retells Creation

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 2:25

There's a whole world of fascinating detail in texts that didn't quite make it into the biblical canon. to one of them: the Book of Jubilees. Jubilees, sometimes called Lesser Gene...

MosesCreationAdam & EveHumor

Story of Shem

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 8:23

Jubilees, for those unfamiliar, is a Jewish work of the Second Temple period. It retells the stories of Genesis and Exodus but with a unique theological slant and additional detail...

ProphecyWarNoah & FloodEgypt

Japheth's Vast Territory From River to Sea

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 8:37

It's an ancient Jewish text, considered apocryphal by some, pseudepigraphal by others. Basically, it's an "outside book," a text that exists outside the traditionally accepted bibl...

Noah & FloodMosesAdam & EveWriting

Abram Burns Down the House of Idols

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 12:12

Jubilees, for those unfamiliar, is an ancient Jewish text that retells the stories from Genesis and Exodus, but with some… shall we say, interesting additions. It's considered pseu...

MosesAbrahamIdolatryAdam & Eve

Abraham Reads the Stars and Learns Hebrew

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 12:27

The Book of Jubilees, a fascinating text considered apocryphal by some, offers a peek behind the curtain. It presents itself as a revelation given to Moses on Mount Sinai by angels...

PrayerAdam & EveAbrahamMoses

Abraham's Transgression of Abram

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 14:23

The scene is set. God is speaking, promising judgement upon the nation that will enslave Abraham's descendants. But it doesn’t end there. There’s a promise of liberation, a return ...

Noah & FloodJosephTorahEgypt

Esau's Declaration of War Against Jacob in Jubilees

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 37:24

The Book of Jubilees, for those who aren't familiar, is an ancient Jewish text, considered part of the biblical apocrypha or pseudepigrapha – writings that hover around the edges o...

MosesWarPatriarchsJacob

Joseph Falsely Accused and Thrown Into Prison

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 39:14

You know, the one with the coat of many colors. We often focus on his rise to power in Egypt, but let’s not forget the messy middle. The part where he's wrongly accused and finds h...

JosephAdam & EveEgyptDivine justice

Judah Pledges His Own Life for Benjamin's Safety

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 42:26

We find it in the Book of Jubilees, a fascinating text that retells and expands upon stories from Genesis. (It’s considered canonical by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, by the way, ...

CreationJosephEgypt

Joseph Tests His Brothers With a Silver Cup

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 43:6

That tension, that feeling of unease even amidst blessing, it's woven right into the fabric of the story of Joseph and his brothers. And in the Book of Jubilees, a retelling of Gen...

JosephAdam & EveHumorEgypt