Parshat Vaera

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God reveals His name to Moses, the first seven plagues strike Egypt, and Pharaoh's heart is hardened. Exodus 6:2-9:35.

Variantly — "and shalishim" — Three (Egyptians) against every

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 2:31

Variantly: "and shalishim": Three (Egyptians) against every one (Israelite). Others say: three hundred against one. And how did Pharaoh know how many Israelites died in the three d...

MosesDeathHoly Land

Variantly — "Stand ready to see the salvation of the L–rd"

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 3:22

Variantly: "Stand ready to see the salvation of the L–rd": They: When? Moses: Tomorrow. They: Moses our teacher we do not have the strength to wait. At that time Moses prayed and t...

RedemptionMosesAngelsPrayer

And thus is it written (Psalms 31 — 24) "The L–rd guards the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 7:24

The Mekhilta weaves together several verses to demonstrate that God guards the faithful and remembers the faithfulness of the ancestors. The opening verse sets the theme: "The Lord...

MosesPrayerCharity

(Exodus 15 — 1) "to the L–rd" — They sang it to the L–rd, and

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 1:11

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael draws a pointed contrast between two moments of song in Israelite history, and the difference reveals something fundamental about the nature of the So...

WisdomEgyptExodusPassover

A king of flesh and blood enters a province, and all praise

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 1:16

A king of flesh and blood enters a province, and all praise him as "strong"—when he is weak; as "rich"—when he is poor; as "wise"—when he is foolish; as "merciful"—when he is cruel...

ProphecyWisdomCharity

Variantly — Who is like You ("ba'eilim") among those who

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:7

Variantly: Who is like You ("ba'eilim") among those who call themselves gods? Pharaoh called himself a god, viz. (Ezekiel 29:3) "Mine is my river (the Nile), and I have made it." A...

MosesProphecyKabbalahKings

The measure of flesh and blood—A man cannot speak two

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:10

The measure of flesh and blood—A man cannot speak two things at the same time. But the measure of the Holy One Blessed be He—He said (all) of the ten commandments as one, viz. (Exo...

TorahPrayerCharity

The measure of flesh and blood—When one man works for

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:13

The measure of flesh and blood—When one man works for another—plowing with him, sowing with him, weeding with him, hoeing with him—the other gives him a single coin and he goes on ...

WisdomCharityViolenceKing David

The measure of flesh and blood—First he builds the lower

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:14

The Mekhilta draws a sharp contrast between human construction and divine creation. When a human being builds, the natural order is bottom-up. You lay the foundation first, then bu...

CreationViolenceHumorWit

The measure of flesh and blood—he cannot make a form from earth

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:17

The Mekhilta draws a profound contrast between human ability and divine power through the act of creation from earth. A human craftsman cannot form a living figure from dirt. He ca...

CharityViolenceKing DavidPsalms

The measure of flesh and blood—When he comes to make a

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:18

The Mekhilta draws a sharp contrast between a human artisan and the divine Creator. When a mortal sculptor sets out to make a figure, he must build it piece by piece — starting fro...

ProphecyViolenceAdam & EveAbraham

all of the illness which I placed in Egypt I will not place

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 1:26

"All of the illness which I placed in Egypt I will not place upon you" — God promised the Israelites immunity from the plagues that devastated their former oppressors. But then the...

TorahMosesHoly Land

2) "And the entire congregation of the children of Israel

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 2:6

When the Israelites ran out of food in the desert, they did not handle it well. (Exodus 16:2) records that "the entire congregation of the children of Israel caviled against Moses ...

MosesHoly LandPriesthoodAdam & Eve

(Exodus 16 — 7) "and in the morning you will see" — From here

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 3:9

When the Israelites grumbled in the wilderness about food, Moses and Aaron told them (Exodus 16:7): "And in the morning you will see the glory of the Lord." The Mekhilta de-Rabbi I...

Holy LandEgyptExodusPassover

and, behold, the glory of the L–rd appeared in the cloud" — R

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 3:15

"and, behold, the glory of the L–rd appeared in the cloud": R. Yossi Haglili says: So long as Israel railed against Moses and Aaron, at once, "the glory of the L–rd appeared in the...

MosesHoly LandPriesthood

And this is one of the three things that Eliyahu is

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 6:17

When the prophet Elijah returns at the end of days, he will not come empty-handed. According to the Mekhilta, he will bring three sacred objects that were hidden away centuries ago...

Holy LandElijahPriesthoodMiracles

Yehoshua says — When Miriam died, the well was removed, and

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 6:22

Three miraculous gifts sustained Israel in the wilderness, and each one was tied to a specific leader. Rabbi Yehoshua teaches that when Miriam died, the well that had followed the ...

MosesDeathJoshuaWomen of the Bible

the writ of Heaven, (i

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 1:10

When Moses shattered the two tablets of the covenant at the foot of Mount Sinai, something extraordinary happened to the sacred letters engraved upon them. According to the Mekhilt...

TorahMosesHeavenWealth

Similarly, (Numbers 21 — 8) "Make for yourself a saraf (a

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 1:26

The Mekhilta draws a direct parallel between Moses' raised hands and another puzzling episode: the bronze serpent in the wilderness. When poisonous snakes attacked the Israelites, ...

MosesDeathHoly Land

Amalek Fulfilled Ezekiel's Prophecy That Blood Pursues Blood

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 1:40

After Joshua's defeat of Amalek at Rephidim, the Mekhilta records an interpretation that turns the battle into a fulfillment of one of the most chilling prophecies in Scripture. Th...

ProphecyViolenceWarDivine justice

God Showed Moses That Joshua Would Rule Ephraim

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:23

Before Moses died, God showed him the future of every tribe of Israel, a panoramic vision of the land and its leaders stretching across generations. The Mekhilta asks: how do we kn...

KingsJoshuaTribes

And whence is it derived that He showed him David in his kingdom

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:25

When God took Moses to the summit of Mount Pisgah and showed him the entire Promised Land, the vision included far more than hills and valleys. The Mekhilta asks: how do we know th...

Holy LandKingsTribesKing David

Eliezer says — The L–rd swears by His throne of glory — If

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:50

R. Eliezer says: The L–rd swears by His throne of glory: If there comes a man of all the nations to be proselytized, he will be accepted; but Amalek and his household will not be a...

MosesDivine throneMerkavahKings

Yossi says — G–d forbid that tzaddikim should be lax in

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 3:25

R. Yossi says: G–d forbid that tzaddik (a righteous person)im (the righteous) should be lax in circumcision for even a short while, but Moses expounded: Shall he circumcise (his so...

MosesAngelsCovenantHoly Land

Elazar Hamodai says — He sent him with all the honor in the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:26

R. Elazar Hamodai says: He sent him with all the honor in the world, as is seen in his (Moses') response to him, as it is written (Numbers 10:30) "I pray you, do not leave us," tel...

TorahMosesHumorSun and moon

And whence is it derived that the Torah scroll was given

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:32

The Mekhilta extends its analysis of conditional versus unconditional covenants to two more foundational gifts: the Torah scroll and the priesthood of Aaron. Whence is it derived t...

TorahPatriarchsMosesCovenant

And the sages say twelve monuments for each tribe

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 3:2

And the sages say twelve monuments for each tribe. He built an altar, sacrificed thereon a burnt-offering and peace-offerings, took of the blood of the burnt-offering in two recept...

MosesTempleWisdomSacrifice

Yishmael says — What is written at the beginning, viz

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 3:5

R. Yishmael says: What is written at the beginning, viz. (Leviticus 25:1-3) "And the L–rd spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying … then the land shall rest a Sabbath to the L–rd. Si...

CreationTorahMosesPrayer

An analogy — A king of flesh and blood enters a province

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 8:17

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael uses a vivid parable to explain why murder is equated with diminishing the divine image. The teaching compares God to a king of flesh and blood who en...

WisdomKingsViolenceHeresy

Rebbi says — What is the intent of "with a rod"

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 7:10

Rebbi — Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi — asked why the Torah specifically mentions "a rod" in the law about striking a bondservant. He argued that the word "rod" is extra — it is not needed ...

WisdomHumorLawWit

) "If he (the thief) has blood, pay shall he pay" — R

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 13:8

(Exodus, Ibid.) "If he (the thief) has blood, pay shall he pay": R. Eliezer b. Yaakov says: If there were before him (the thief) pitchers of wine and pitchers of oil and he broke t...

WisdomViolence

and you shall gather in its produce (11) and the seventh

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 3:21

"and you shall gather in its produce (11) and the seventh year, etc.": to include (as forbidden) the fruits of the sixth year which enter the seventh year. This tells me only of th...

WisdomAdam & EveCommandmentsHumor

This is refuted by the instance of fats and blood, which

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 5:23

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael presents a step in a larger legal argument about why meat cooked in milk is forbidden to eat. The passage uses a technique called refutation — counter...

WisdomViolencePurityCommandments

The Elders Of Israel Behold God

Midrash Aggadah Exodus 24:1-2, 9-11

And the Torah, in its own way, grapples with this very question. We find ourselves in the Book of Exodus, a pivotal moment in the story of the Israelites. Moses is about to ascend ...

TorahMosesAdam & EveHoly Land

God's Exile With Israel

Midrash Aggadah Pesikta Rabbati 30:1-2

It's a powerful, heartbreaking moment in our history. But what if I told you that in their darkest hour, God chose to share their pain, to literally go into exile with them? There'...

PatriarchsMosesMysticismTemple

Adam The Hermaphrodite

Talmud Aggadah Berakhot 61a

We often picture him as a solitary figure, but some fascinating stories paint a much different picture – a being both male and female. It's a wild idea. But it comes from some surp...

CreationAdam & EveNoah & FloodTemple

The Second Tablets

Midrash Aggadah Exodus 34:1-10

Remember the scene: Moses, up on Mount Sinai, receiving the very word of God, etched onto stone tablets. And then… disaster. The Israelites, impatient and faithless, melt down thei...

Hell/GehennaTorahMosesAdam & Eve

The Coffin Of Joseph

Midrash Aggadah Targum Pseudo-Yonathan on Genesis 50:26

We know from Genesis that before he passed, Joseph made his brothers swear a solemn oath: when God finally remembers them, they must carry his bones out of Egypt with them (Gen. 50...

CreationTorahPatriarchsMoses

The Divine Radiance

Midrash Aggadah Exodus 34:29-35

That's a glimpse into the story of Moses and the divine radiance. We find the account in (Exodus 34:29-35), a passage that has captivated and, at times, puzzled readers for centuri...

TorahMosesAdam & EveMysticism

Joshua As Oedipus

Midrash Aggadah Hibbur me-ha Yeshu'ah 209

Now, we all know Joshua as a great leader, a warrior, a successor to Moses. But what if his origins were shrouded in a myth mirroring some of the most famous stories in history? Ac...

CreationDemonsHeavenMessiah

God Builds The Heavenly Temple

Midrash Aggadah Beit HaMidrash (Jellinek) 1:58

Jewish tradition offers some breathtaking glimpses beyond the veil, and one of the most stunning involves God Himself, building a Temple…in Heaven. Imagine Moses, nearing the end o...

AngelsHeavenMessiahPatriarchs

The Seed Of Cain

Talmud Aggadah Shabbat 146a

Our tradition grapples with this question in fascinating, sometimes unsettling ways. Take the story of Cain, the firstborn son of Adam and Eve. We all know he murdered his brother ...

CreationDemonsHeavenTorah

Those Who Refused to Pour Libations to Foreign Gods

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 16:4

It's like that guest who overstays their welcome, only on a cosmic scale. But it gets even more interesting. The Midrash Tehillim then pivots to a powerful statement of faith, of u...

MosesKing DavidPrayerSinai

David Called Himself a Stain and the Parable of Two Coins

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 17:1

The Midrash Tehillim, a collection of rabbinic teachings on the Book of Psalms, offers a powerful glimpse into David's humility. It tells of David declaring, "I am a stain." A powe...

PatriarchsMosesKing DavidSolomon

The Wicked Have No Fear of God Before Their Eyes

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 36:1

Midrash Tehillim, in its commentary on Psalm 36, offers a fascinating insight. It all boils down to fear – or rather, the lack of it, in the right place. The psalm begins, "To the ...

CreaturesMosesKing DavidTorah

Korah and the Fires of Gehenna of Moses

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 45:4

to a fascinating passage from Midrash Tehillim, specifically Midrash Tehillim 45, which wrestles with the meaning of the verse, "My heart whispers good things." The rabbis suggest ...

Hell/GehennaSolomonRepentanceWomen of the Bible

The Tragic Death of Nadav and Avihu Before God

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 78:14

Today, let's look at a passage from Midrash Tehillim, specifically Midrash Tehillim 78, which grapples with one of the most tragic moments in the Book of Leviticus: the death of Na...

MosesKing DavidDeath

Blood Poured Like Water and the Cry for Justice

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 79:3

And the Midrash Tehillim, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Psalms, really digs into the raw pain and frustration expressed in that particular psalm. It’s a p...

King DavidProphecySoulDeath