Parshat Vayikra

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The laws of burnt offerings, meal offerings, peace offerings, sin offerings, and guilt offerings brought in the Tabernacle. Leviticus 1:1-5:26.

Noah Plants a Vineyard - A Scandalous Scene in Jubilees

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 7:9

We get a fascinating, if slightly scandalous, glimpse in the Book of Jubilees. Jubilees, for those unfamiliar, is an ancient Jewish text that retells the stories of Genesis and Exo...

TempleSacrificeNoah & FloodJoy

Abraham at the Temple

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 16:33

We often think of holidays as something ancient and unchanging, but every tradition has a beginning. Let’s peek into one possible origin story, found in the Book of Jubilees, a tex...

TempleSoulSacrificeHolidays

Isaac — Jacob's Vision

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 31:41

The Book of Jubilees gives us a peek into the morning after. Imagine Jacob, still buzzing with the memory of his encounter with the Divine, rushing to tell his father, Isaac. He re...

PatriarchsTempleProphecySacrifice

The Passover Must Never Leave the Temple Gates

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 49:31

The Book of Jubilees, for those of you who aren’t familiar, is an ancient Jewish text. Think of it as a retelling – and slight expansion – of the Book of Genesis and the first part...

MosesTempleHoly LandEgypt

Judith Demands God Strike Down the Assyrian Army

Apocrypha Book of Judith 9:12

That's the situation Judith finds herself in, and her prayer in the Book of Judith, chapter 9, is a raw, impassioned plea for divine intervention. "Throw down their strength in you...

ElijahTempleSacrifice

The Temple Defiled and the Gates Set on Fire

Apocrypha The Book of Maccabees II 1:12

Then you remember who you are, what you stand for, and you fight back. That's the spirit that leaps off the page when we delve into the story of Maccabees. Picture this: the Temple...

JosephTempleMessiahHoly Land

Nehemiah in Battle

Apocrypha The Book of Maccabees II 1:40

The scene is set: the people have just finished pouring out their hearts in prayer, their voices rising in heartfelt supplication. And then, the priests begin to sing. Imagine the ...

TemplePrayerSacrifice

Abraham and Creation of Sarah

Book of Jasher Jasher 23

We all know the ending – the angel intervenes, a ram is sacrificed, and Isaac is spared. But what about the emotional turmoil, the agonizing choices, and the sheer human drama unfo...

CreationHeavenDemonsPatriarchs

Fratricide

Ginzberg Vol. 1

It wasn't always peaceful. The story of Cain and Abel, the first brothers, is a chilling tale of jealousy, resentment, and ultimately, fratricide. But according to tradition, the s...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaAdam & Eve

The 'akedah

Ginzberg Vol. 1

The story, as we find it elaborated upon in Legends of the Jews by Ginzberg, takes us far beyond the spare verses of Genesis. It paints a vivid picture, filled with dialogue and em...

CreationAngelsDemonsHeaven

The Great Flood of Adam

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:62

Noah, his family, and all the animals are finally stepping off the ark, blinking in the sunlight, the world utterly transformed. The very first thing Noah does? He builds an altar....

Hell/GehennaAdam & EveNoah & FloodTorah

Greeks and the Patriarchs

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 5:123

Abraham, Avraham Avinu, our father Abraham, grappled with just such a question. He believed in God’s promise that his descendants would flourish, but he yearned to understand how t...

PatriarchsTempleHoly LandExile

Jethro's Miracle

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:139

Sometimes, it’s about setting aside your own prestige, your own sense of self-importance, to serve. To truly see the other person’s needs. We find a beautiful example of this in th...

PatriarchsMosesSacrifice

Rod and Serpent of Abihu

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 3:80

And Jewish tradition, with its rich tapestry of stories, doesn't shy away from tackling it head-on. Take the story of Nadab and Abihu, sons of Aaron, the High Priest. We encounter ...

MosesTorahTempleProphecy

Righteousness of Nadab

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 3:81

The story of Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, plunges right into that question. It's a tale filled with both tragedy and a strange kind of… merit? We find this story in Leviticu...

Adam & EveMosesTemple

Aaron Questions God After His Sons Die by Alien Fire

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 3:82

The Torah tells us about such a moment in the life of Aaron, the High Priest, after the devastating death of his sons, Nadav and Avihu. Imagine the scene: Aaron’s sons, in their ze...

MosesJobTemplePrayer

Moses — Death of Aaron

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 3:85

Take, for instance, the story of Aaron, Moses, and Aaron’s surviving sons, Eleazar and Ithamar, after the tragic deaths of Nadab and Abihu. Remember Nadab and Abihu? They were cons...

JosephMosesTorahTemple

Aaron — Giving of the Torah

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 5:30

Moses, desperate, remembers a secret he learned during his time on Mount Sinai, when he ascended to receive the Torah. It's a pretty wild story, actually. Each angel he encountered...

HeavenAngelsMosesTorah

Jesse — David in the Days of Moses

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:3

When we look at David, the "elect of God," as he's often called, it seems to be a fascinating combination of all three. David wasn't just some random shepherd boy plucked from obsc...

MosesKing DavidTempleRepentance

Kingdom of King Uzziah

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 9:15

The story of Amos, the prophet, gives us a glimpse. He was fearless, wasn't he? But that very fearlessness, sadly, led to his demise. Legend has it that King Uzziah, enraged by Amo...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaTemple

Ezra's Transgression

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 11:29

And the Jewish tradition has some pretty incredible answers. According to the Legends of the Jews, when the Jews returned to Jerusalem under Ezra's leadership to rebuild the Temple...

HeavenMosesTorahTemple

Haggai in Solomon's Court

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 11:30

It's more than you might think. Imagine the scene: After decades in exile, a weary but hopeful band of Jews finally returns to Jerusalem. Among them are three figures of immense im...

SolomonTorahTempleSacrifice

Josiah Finds the Lost Book of the Law

Josephus Antiquities X.3-4

King Josiah was eight years old when he inherited the throne of Judah. His grandfather Manasseh had been the worst king in the nation's history—a man who slaughtered prophets until...

TorahKingshipProphecyTemple

The Seven Shepherds

Kabbalah Zohar 3:103b-104a

The holiday of Sukkot, as we know, is based on the biblical verse, "You shall live in booths seven days" (Leviticus 23:42). We build these temporary dwellings, the sukkot (plural o...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsMoses

Michael at the Temple

Kabbalah Tikkunei Zohar 124:15

The Tikkun (spiritual repair)ei Zohar, a central text of Kabbalah (Jewish mysticism), offers a fascinating, even breathtaking, image. It suggests our offerings, our qorbanot – and ...

TemplePrayerHoly LandSacrifice

(Exodus 12 — 1) "And the L–rd spoke to Moses and to Aaron in

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 1:1

(Exodus 12:1) "And the L–rd spoke to Moses and to Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying": I might think that both Aaron and Moses were being addressed; it is, therefore, written (Exod...

TorahMosesWisdom

And before the land of Israel was chosen, all of the lands

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 1:9

Before God chose the land of Israel as His special territory, every land on earth was equally suitable for divine speech. Prophecy could happen anywhere. But once Israel was chosen...

TempleHoly LandAdam & EveJerusalem

Whence is it derived that they were not suspect of illicit

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 5:3

The Mekhilta makes a striking claim about the moral character of the Israelites in Egypt: they were not guilty of sexual immorality. The proof comes from an unexpected source — a v...

MosesHoly LandMusic & SongEgypt

And they shall place it on the two side posts and on the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 6:5

"And they shall place it on the two side posts and on the lintel": I might think that if he placed (the blood on) one before the other, he has not fulfilled his obligation. It is, ...

MosesTempleCommandmentsAdam & Eve

from Israel" — I might think that it is cut off from Israel

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 8:19

The Torah warns that whoever eats chametz during Passover will have their soul "cut off from Israel." The punishment is kareth — spiritual excision from the community. But the Mekh...

Holy LandTribesAdam & EveSoul

(Exodus 12 — 16) "On the first day, a calling of holiness, etc

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 9:1

The Torah declares in (Exodus 12:16), "On the first day, a calling of holiness." The Mekhilta asks what it actually means to "call" a day holy — and the answer is surprisingly conc...

WisdomEgyptExodusPassover

All labor shall not be done in them" — Neither you nor your

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 9:4

The Torah states in (Exodus 12:16) that "all labor shall not be done" on the festival days. The Mekhilta asks a pointed question: who exactly is covered by this prohibition? The an...

WisdomNationsCommandmentsTribes

And you shall guard this day" — What is the intent of this

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 9:16

"And you shall guard this day": What is the intent of this? Is it not already written (16) "all labor shall not be done in them"? This tells me only of labor per se. Whence do I de...

WisdomShabbatCommandmentsSabbath

Similarly, (Isaiah 1 — 19-20) "If you acquiesce and pay heed

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 12:14

The Mekhilta, the halakhic midrash on Exodus from the 2nd century CE, examines one of the starkest either-or passages in the Prophets. Isaiah delivers God's ultimatum: "If you acqu...

ProphecyTribesWarViolence

Variantly — "from day to day" — We are hereby apprised that

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 17:40

How often must a person inspect their tefillin (leather phylacteries worn during prayer) to make sure the scrolls inside are still intact? The Mekhilta derives the answer through a...

RedemptionKabbalahTribes

Acha says — The Holy One Blessed be He said — If not for your

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:23

R. Acha says: The Holy One Blessed be He said: If not for your outcry, I would have destroyed them for the idolatry in their midst, viz. (Zechariah 10:11) "And tzarah crossed the s...

ExileMosesProphecyMiracles

Elazar Hamodai says — "statutes" (the laws governing)

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:6

Rabbi Elazar Hamodai offers a striking interpretation of the word "statutes" as it appears in the Torah's legislation. Where one might expect this term to refer to ritual laws or c...

WisdomLawTribes

It once happened that one of the water drinkers (the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:29

The Mekhilta preserves a remarkable story about the descendants of Rechav — also known as the Rechabites, a family that had taken a perpetual vow to drink only water, never wine, a...

ProphecyTempleSacrificeAdam & Eve

Yossi says — It is written (Isaiah 45 — 19) "Not in secrecy

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 1:21

R. Yossi says: It is written (Isaiah 45:19) "Not in secrecy did I speak, in a place of darkness, etc." In the very beginning, when I gave it, I did not give it in secret or in a da...

CreationTorahPatriarchsProphecy

and the whole mountain trembled" — (Mount Sinai) was

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 4:5

"And the whole mountain trembled" (Exodus 19:18) — when God descended onto Mount Sinai, the mountain shook. But the Mekhilta reveals that Sinai was not the only mountain trembling....

TorahMosesCharity

(Exodus 19 — 22) "And also the Cohanim, who draw near to the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 4:15

(Exodus 19:22) "And also the Cohanim, who draw near to the L–rd": We are hereby apprised that the Cohanim are not included in "the people" (above, 21). And thus is it written (Levi...

RepentanceEgyptExodusPassover

There shall not be unto you any other gods before My presence

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 6:4

Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai reads the second commandment, "There shall not be unto you any other gods before My presence," as the conclusion of a divine dialogue that began long before...

TorahMosesCommandmentsKings

4) "You shall not make for yourself an idol (lit

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 6:15

(Ibid. 4) "You shall not make for yourself an idol (lit., "a carving")": I might think that he may not make one that projects but he may make one that is flat. It is, therefore, wr...

AngelsCommandmentsIdolatryEgypt

You shall not take" — What is the intent of this

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 7:2

You shall not take": What is the intent of this? (Leviticus 19:12) "You shall not swear falsely in My name" speaks only of swearing. Whence is it derived that it is also forbidden ...

Divine justiceRepentanceCovenant

to sanctify it" — with a blessing—whence they ruled — It is

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 7:10

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael derives the practice of Kiddush, the sanctification of Shabbat (the Sabbath) over wine, from the commandment to "sanctify it." The phrase "to sanctify...

PrayerShabbatSabbathHumor

Why the Torah States Both the Punishment and the Prohibition for Adultery

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 8:11

The Torah's treatment of adultery presents a puzzle that the Mekhilta refuses to ignore. In one verse, the commandment thunders from Sinai: "You shall not commit adultery." In anot...

Divine justiceDeathCommandmentsAdam & Eve

) "You shall not steal" — (Exodus 21 — 14) "One who steals a

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 8:12

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael identifies a critical distinction in the commandment "You shall not steal." The eighth of the Ten Commandments is not about stealing property. It is a...

Divine justiceCommandmentsEgyptExodus

Akiva says — What is the intent of "And these are the judgments"

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 1:2

R. Akiva says: What is the intent of "And these are the judgments"? From (Leviticus 1:2) "Speak to the children of Israel and say to them," I would think, only once. Whence do I de...

Divine justiceHoly LandJudgmentTribes