Hebraic Literature (1901)

335 texts in Kabbalah & Mysticism

Four Short Sayings on Torah, Blessing, and Broken Promises

Berakhot 35a and parallels (Hebraic Literature, 1901)

Four small teachings, stitched together like beads on a string, preserve what the sages thought mattered most in daily life. Rava said the man who pursues wisdom will receive the b...

TorahEthicsSpeechCharity

Pelatya Argued God's Case Before Nebuchadnezzar

Gittin 55b-56a and related aggadot (Hebraic Literature, 1901)

When Nebuchadnezzar carried Judah into exile, his officers wanted the captives dead. These men are men of death, they said. They refuse to obey the king's order. Execute them. One ...

ExileDestructionWisdomDivine justice

When the Temple's Lamps Lit the Streets of Jerusalem

Mishnah Sukkah 5:1-4; Sukkah 51a (Hebraic Literature, 1901)

The Second Temple had a section called the Ezrat Nashim, the Court of Women — a gallery where women could gather for the great ceremonies while men stood on the lower floor. During...

TempleHolidaysLightCommunity

Two Portions in Paradise and Gehinnom

Talmud, Chagigah 15a

Acheer once pressed Rabbi Meir with a hard verse: God also has set the one over against the other (Ecclesiastes 7:14). What did it mean? Rabbi Meir offered the simple answer. The H...

AfterlifeDivine justiceRabbisRighteousness

How Moses Felled Og King of Bashan

Talmud, Berakhot 54b

A tradition delivered at Sinai remembers the day Og, king of Bashan, nearly crushed the camp of Israel under a single stone. Og stood above the valley and measured the camp with hi...

MosesMiraclesTorahHoly Land

Nero Flees to Become a Jew

Talmud, Gittin 56a

When Nero first entered the Holy Land, he did not arrive as a conqueror sure of his victory. He arrived as a diviner uncertain of his fate. He took up his bow and shot an arrow eas...

DestructionTempleProphecyRabbis

Six Acts of Hezekiah the Sages Judged

Talmud, Pesachim 56a

Kings are remembered in lists, and the sages kept careful accounts. For Hezekiah, they drew up two columns. On one side, the three things they praised him for. First, he dragged th...

TempleDivine justiceRabbisTorah

Hillel, Shammai, and the Single Jar of Oil

Talmud, Shabbat 21b

The schools of Hillel and Shammai disagreed even about how to kindle a candle. On Chanukah, Shammai said: begin with eight lights on the first night and remove one each evening, so...

HolidaysTempleMiraclesRabbis

When Dogs Howl and When Elijah Arrives

Talmud, Bava Kamma 60b

The Rabbis gave practical instructions for living in a town visited by plague. When pestilence walks the streets, do not walk down the middle of the road. The middle is where the a...

ElijahAngelsPrayerCommunity

Twelve Months in Gehinnom and the Wind That Scatters

Talmud, Rosh Hashanah 17a

The Rabbis of Rosh Hashanah 17a sorted the afterlife into categories. Most of the wicked — those guilty of ordinary sins, the ones who grew coarse through sensuous indulgence rathe...

AfterlifeDivine justiceJudgmentSin

Ha-Satan Teaches Noah How to Plant a Vineyard

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach; Yalkut Shimoni on Genesis

After the flood, Noah broke fresh ground for a vineyard. He had tasted the grape and prized it twice — for its fruit and for its juice. As he worked, Ha-Satan — the heavenly Accuse...

Noah & FloodFloodSinEthics

The Lost Scroll and the Found Garment

Talmud, Bava Metzia 29b

The Rabbis of Bava Metzia 29b worked out what a person owes to what he finds. If you discover a lost scroll in the road, you have duties of preservation, not enjoyment. You may unr...

EthicsRabbisTorahCommunity

How a Question Climbed to the Sanhedrin

Talmud, Sanhedrin

The Sanhedrin of seventy-one was not a single institution. It was the top of a ladder, and Rabbi Yossi remembered the steps. In each city of Israel sat a provincial court of twenty...

TempleCommunityRabbisTorah

Why Adam Fasted One Hundred and Thirty Years

Talmud, Eruvin 18b

When Adam understood that his own transgression had drawn death into every future generation, he did not try to defend himself. He mourned. He fasted for one hundred and thirty yea...

Adam & EveSinRepentanceDemons

Joshua's Tart Reply and the Laws He Forgot

Talmud, Temurah 16a

The last conversation between Moses and Joshua began as a gift and ended as a rebuke. On the day Moses was to enter Paradise, he turned to his closest student and said, "If any dou...

MosesTorahStudyHumility

The Stay of Bread and the Staff of Mishnah

Talmud, Chagigah 14a

The prophet Isaiah once warned Jerusalem and Judah that the Lord of hosts was about to take away the stay and the staff, the whole stay of bread and the whole stay of water, the mi...

TorahStudyWisdomRabbis

Nikodemon's Daughter Gathering Barley from Dung

Talmud, Ketubot 66b

One morning Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai rode out of Jerusalem with his disciples. On the road, he saw a young woman bent over, picking individual barley grains out of the droppings ...

CharityDestructionRabbisWomen of the Bible

Judah's Return to the Cave of Machpelah

Midrash on Genesis

The Midrash preserves a legend that the Tanakh only whispers at. When Isaac died, his two sons came to bury him. "His sons Esau and Jacob buried him" (Genesis 35:29), the written T...

PatriarchsDeathDivine justiceHoly Land

Akiva and the Dead Man Carrying Wood

Midrash Aseret ha-Dibrot

On a lonely road, Rabbi Akiva met an ugly, exhausted man bent double under a massive bundle of firewood. "I adjure you," Akiva said. "Tell me — are you a man, or are you a demon?" ...

AfterlifeRepentancePrayerParenting

Adam, David, Messiah — One Soul Passed Through Three

Nishmat Chaim, fol. 152

The Kabbalists — the sages of truth, as the tradition calls them — noticed something about the Hebrew letters of Adam. The word אדם spells three names. Aleph for Adam. Dalet for Da...

Adam & EveKing DavidMessiahKabbalah

A Hundred Solomons and Not One Letter Changes

Midrash

When the Torah laid out the rules for Israel's king, it gave three specific warnings. In Deuteronomy 17, Moses wrote that the king shall not acquire for himself many horses. He sha...

SolomonTorahAngelsDivine justice

The Ass Complains of Cold Even in Tammuz

Talmud (proverbs)

The Talmud keeps a ledger of shorter sayings — proverbs worn smooth by repetition, each one a whole argument compressed into a sentence. "Do not do to others what you would not hav...

WisdomEthicsSpeechPrayer

The Old Man Planting Figs for His Great-Grandsons

Midrash (Tanchuma, Kedoshim)

The Emperor Hadrian, riding through the streets of Tiberias, spotted a very old man on his knees in the dirt, planting a fig tree. Hadrian dismounted. He could not resist the quest...

WisdomParablesRighteousnessParenting

Bar Kamtza's Revenge at the Wrong Door

Talmud, Gittin 55b

A man in Jerusalem held a grand banquet. He had a friend named Kamtza and an enemy named Bar Kamtza. He sent his servant to invite Kamtza. The servant, confused by the similar name...

DestructionTempleSpeechCommunity

The Hasmonean Dedication and Eight Growing Lights

Rabbinic tradition on Chanukah

The Holy One has often worked wonders in the lives of His children at the hour of their greatest need. These miracles are recorded not for spectacle but as a brake against disbelie...

HolidaysTempleMiraclesCommunity

Titus at Sea and the Gnat That Humbled Rome

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Talmudic Miscellany

When Titus sacked Jerusalem in 70 CE, the Talmud tells us, he did not content himself with fire and slaughter. He stripped the Temple of its sacred vessels, wrapped them in the vei...

DestructionDivine justiceTemple

The Giant Og Who Held the Ark and Survived the Flood

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Talmudic Miscellany

The rabbis preserved a strange little tradition about how Og, the giant king of Bashan, survived the Flood. The Torah never explains it. Og appears later, towering over the Israeli...

Noah & FloodFloodMoses

Why Abraham's Children Served Egypt Two Hundred Years

Nedarim 31b (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

The Talmud in Nedarim asks an uncomfortable question: why did the children of Abraham, the father of faith, endure two hundred and ten years of Egyptian bondage? What did Abraham, ...

PatriarchsExileDivine justiceTorah

Four Harsh Decrees of Moses That Four Prophets Softened

Maccoth 24a (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

The Talmud in Maccoth preserves a remarkable teaching: Moses pronounced four severe judgments over Israel, and four later prophets rose up and softened them. This is not rebellion....

MosesProphecyTorahDivine justice

Why Hezekiah Hid the Book of Remedies

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Talmudic Miscellany

There is a tradition that King Hezekiah hid away a Sefer Refuot, a Book of Remedies, containing cures for nearly every disease. To modern ears this sounds cruel — why withhol...

KingsHealingHoly LandRabbis

Why Jews Light Candles Eight Nights for Chanukah

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Talmudic Miscellany

Every year, in the dark weeks of winter, Jewish homes kindle flames for eight nights — the Chag HaChanukah, the Feast of Dedication. The festival commemorates the purifying o...

HolidaysTempleRabbisLight

Ten Peculiar Laws That Governed Jerusalem

Bava Kamma 82b (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

The rabbis taught that Jerusalem was not like other cities. Ten laws applied to her alone, each one a small clue to her strange status. A mortgaged house there was never permanentl...

Holy LandTempleCommunity

Nicodemon Ben Gorion and the Twelve Reservoirs of Rain

Taanit 19b (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

When Israel went up to Jerusalem for one of the three pilgrimage festivals (Exodus 34:23-24), a season came in which the wells ran dry. There was no water for the pilgrims to drink...

PrayerMiraclesTempleHoly Land

The Fifteen Steps and the Water-Drawing Joy of Sukkot

Sukkah 51b (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

There were fifteen steps in the Temple that led down from the Court of Israel to the Court of the Women. The rabbis said they matched the fifteen Shir HaMa’alot, the Songs of...

TempleHolidaysCommunityLight

The Angels Quarrying Pearls for the Gates of Jerusalem

Bava Batra 75a (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

Rabbi Yochanan was teaching his students on the verse, “I will make thy windows of agates, and thy gates of carbuncles” (Isaiah 54:12). He said, “The Holy One, bl...

MessiahAngelsRabbisHoly Land

Rabbi Ishmael Refuses a Basket of His Own Grapes

Ketubot 105a (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

Rabbi Ishmael ben Yossi had a tenant who tended his vineyard. Every Friday, the man brought a basket of grapes to the Rabbi’s door — the standard portion owed to the la...

RabbisEthicsDivine justice

Four Kinds of People Who Destroy the World

Sotah 21b (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

The Mishnah in tractate Sotah teaches that four kinds of people tear down the world from within: foolish pietists, crafty villains, sanctimonious women, and self-afflicting Pharise...

EthicsCharityRabbisCommunity

Why Ha-Satan Cannot Accuse on Yom Kippur

Yoma 20a (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

Elijah the Tishbite once appeared to Rav Yehudah, brother of Rav Salla the Holy, and the prophet asked him a question that could only come from a man who walked between worlds: &ld...

ElijahHolidaysRepentanceAngels

Nine Hundred and Three Ways to Die, and the Divine Kiss

Berachot 8a (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

The rabbis counted the ways a human being can leave this world. They arrived at nine hundred and three, derived from the verse, “Unto God the Lord belong the issues of death&...

DeathMosesSoul

The Invisible Crowd of Sprites That Jostle the Rabbis

Berachot 6a (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

Abba Benjamin used to say, “If our eyes were permitted to see the malignant sprites that beset us, we could not rest for a moment on account of them.” The air, the rabb...

DemonsRabbisMysticism

What Blessing Could God Possibly Give Abraham

Bamidbar Rabbah 2 (via Hebraic Literature, 1901)

Bamidbar Rabbah preserves a tender moment in the imagined inner life of the Holy One. When God decided to bless Abraham, He paused. “What shall I tell him?” the Holy On...

PatriarchsRighteousness

How Blessings Follow the Righteous Wherever They Go

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Midrashim

The rabbis read the Torah with a quiet attention to who shows up at whose door. They noticed that wherever a righteous person travels, blessing travels with them, like a shadow tha...

PatriarchsRighteousnessHoly Land

Why Jacob's Inheritance Outstretched Abraham's and Isaac's

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Rabbinical Ana

The rabbis noticed a quiet escalation in the promises made to the patriarchs about the land. To Abraham, God said, “Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in th...

PatriarchsSabbathExileHoly Land

Thirteen Rabbinic Sayings on Speech, Patience, and Charity

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Proverbial Sayings

The old rabbis were poets of the short sentence. Here is a small anthology of proverbs preserved in the Midrash — each one a stone you can carry in your pocket. On speech: Op...

WisdomEthicsSpeechCharity

The Wise Son Who Ordered Wood at the Inn

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Proverbial Sayings

A merchant died in an inn, far from home, leaving a young son who was yet to reach manhood. When the son finally came of age, he set off to claim his father’s property from t...

WisdomParablesEthics

Miriam bat Baythus Eats a Fig Skin and Dies Rich

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Proverbial Sayings

The midrash tells of the last days of Jerusalem under Roman siege. One of the wealthiest women of the city, Miriam the daughter of Baythus, sent her servant to buy flour for the ho...

DestructionWomen of the BiblePovertyProphecy

Why the Chanukah Lights Will Outlast the Temple Sacrifices

Hebraic Literature (Harris, 1901), Fasts and Festivals

When God commanded Aaron and his sons to kindle the lamps of the menorah in the Tabernacle, Aaron worried. The tribal princes were bringing their own magnificent dedication offerin...

MosesTempleHolidaysSacrifice