“And Mitzrayim begot Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehavim, and Naftuḥim” (Genesis 10:13). “And Mitzrayim begot Ludim…” – all of the coinages of Egypt are only with yam:19All the sons of Mitzrayim had names ending in yud mem, which spells yam [the sea]. Ludim – the Ludim of the sea [Ludei yam], Anamim – the Anamim of the sea [Anamei yam], as their names imply, Lehavim – the Lahav of the sea [Lahav yam], Naftuḥim – the Naftuḥim of the sea [Naftuḥei yam].20All these nations lived by the sea.
“And Patrusim, and Kasluḥim, from which the Philistines and the Kaftorim emerged” (Genesis 10:14). “Patrusim” – Parvitot. “Kasluḥim” – Pekusim. Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: Patrusim and Kasluḥim produced bachelors, these would steal the wives of those, and those would steal the wives of these.
What emerged from them? Philistines – mighty,21They would invade [poleshim] other lands. Kaftorim – dwarfs.22They were small and round like buttons [kaftorim].