Heaven and Earth as Israel's Two Witnesses to the Torah

Midrash Aggadah, Deuteronomy 4:26

"I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day." In every covenant they are witnesses for Israel, as you say: "The heavens shall reveal his iniquity, and the earth shall rise up against him" (Job 20:27). And "one witness shall not rise up against a man," but only "by the mouth of two witnesses" (Deuteronomy 19:15). Therefore, when Israel transgress the Torah, "He will shut up the heavens, and there shall be no rain, and the ground shall not yield her fruit" (Deuteronomy 11:17). And it says: "And I will make your heaven as iron, and your earth as brass" (Leviticus 26:19).

Themes

Biblical References