Mishnah: At first the lulav was taken in the Temple for seven days, and in the rest of the country one day. After the Temple was destroyed, Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai instituted that the lulav should be taken throughout the country for seven days, as a remembrance of the Temple. And he instituted that the entire day of the waving should be forbidden. Gemara: From where do we derive that we make a remembrance of the Temple? Rabbi Yohanan said: As the verse states: "For I will restore health to you, and I will heal you of your wounds, says the LORD; because they called you an outcast, saying, This is Zion, there is none that seeks her" (Jeremiah 30:17). "There is none that seeks her" implies that she requires seeking. "And that the entire day of the waving should be forbidden." What is the reason? It is a concern that the Temple will speedily be rebuilt, and people will say: Last year, did we not eat the new grain as soon as the eastern horizon grew light? Now too let us eat. And they would not know that last year, when there was no Temple, the lighting of the eastern horizon permitted the new grain, whereas now that there is a Temple, the omer offering is what permits it.
The Creation Of The Third Temple
Sukkah 41a; Rashi on Sukkah 41a
מַתְנִי׳ בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיָה לוּלָב נִיטָּל בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ שִׁבְעָה, וּבַמְּדִינָה יוֹם אֶחָד. מִשֶּׁחָרַב בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, הִתְקִין רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי שֶׁיְּהֵא לוּלָב נִיטָּל בַּמְּדִינָה שִׁבְעָה, זֵכֶר לַמִּקְדָּשׁ. וְשֶׁיְּהֵא יוֹם הֶנֶף כּוּלּוֹ אָסוּר. גְּמָ׳ מְנָא לַן דְּעָבְדִינַן זֵכֶר לַמִּקְדָּשׁ? אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, דְּאָמַר קְרָא: ״כִּי אַעֲלֶה אֲרוּכָה לָךְ וּמִמַּכּוֹתַיִךְ אֶרְפָּאֵךְ נְאֻם ה׳ כִּי נִדָּחָה קָרְאוּ לָךְ צִיּוֹן הִיא דּוֹרֵשׁ אֵין לָהּ״. ״דּוֹרֵשׁ אֵין לָהּ״, מִכְּלַל דְּבָעֲיָא דְּרִישָׁה. וְשֶׁיְּהֵא יוֹם הֶנֶף. מַאי טַעְמָא? מְהֵרָה יִבָּנֶה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, וְיֹאמְרוּ: אֶשְׁתָּקַד מִי לֹא אָכַלְנוּ בְּהֵאִיר מִזְרָח? הַשְׁתָּא נָמֵי נֵיכוֹל. וְאִינְהוּ לָא יָדְעִי דְּאֶשְׁתָּקַד דְּלָא הֲוָה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ — הֵאִיר מִזְרָח, הִתִּיר. הַשְׁתָּא דְּאִיכָּא בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ — עוֹמֶר מַתִּיר.