The rabbis taught: on the twenty-fifth of Nisan the tax assessors were removed from Judah and from Jerusalem, when the children of Africa came to plead against Israel, and so forth. Geviah ben Pesisa said to the sages: give me permission, and I will plead against them. If they defeat me, say to them, you have defeated a commoner among us. They gave him permission, and so forth, until: a slave who acquired property, the slave belongs to whom, the property belongs to whom? And not only that, but how many years that you did not serve us! He said to them: return him an answer. They said: give us time. He gave them three days' time; they searched and found no answer. Immediately they abandoned their fields while still sown and their vineyards while still planted and fled, and that year was a sabbatical year. Up to "And Abraham gave all" and so forth. "And to the sons of the concubines that Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts." A father who wrote a deed for his sons during his lifetime and sent one away from the other, does the one have any claim upon the other? What were the "gifts"? Rabbi Yirmeyah said: that he handed them a name of impurity, and so forth. "And he sent them away from Isaac his son" (Genesis 25:6): he said to them, as far as you are able to remove yourselves, remove yourselves, so that you not be scorched by the coal of Isaac. But Esau, because he came and joined himself to Jacob, took what was his from beneath his hand, as it is written, "Is this your joyous city? Who has counseled this against Tyre the crowning city?" and so forth (Isaiah 23:7-8). "And these are the days of the years of Abraham's life" (Genesis 25:7): "The LORD knows the days of the wholehearted" (Psalms 37:18), this is Abraham; "and their inheritance shall be forever," "And these are the days of the years of Abraham's life."
Geviah ben Pesisa and the Claim of the Africans
Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 110:3
תָּנוּ רַבָּנָן, בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְחַמִשָׁה בְּנִיסָן אִתְנַטּוּל דִּימוּסְנָאֵי מִיהוּדָה וּמִירוּשָׁלַיִם, כְּשֶׁבָּאוּ בְּנֵי אַפְרִיקָא לָדוּן עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכוּ', אָמַר לָהֶם גְּבִיהָה בֶּן פְּסִיסָא לַחֲכָמִים, תְּנוּ לִי רְשׁוּת, וְאָדוּן עִמָּהֶן. אִם יְנַצְּחוּנִי אִמְרוּ לָהֶם הֶדְיוֹט שֶׁבָּנּוּ נִצַּחְתֶּם. נָתְנוּ לוֹ רְשׁוּת (וְכוּ' עַד) עֶבֶד שֶׁקָּנָה נְכָסִים עֶבֶד לְמִי, נְכָסִים לְמִי, וְלֹא עוֹד אֶלָּא כַּמָּה שָׁנִים שֶׁלֹּא עֲבַדְתָּנוּ אָמַר לָהֶם, חִזְרוּ לוֹ תְּשׁוּבָה. אָמְרוּ, תֵּן לָנוּ זְמַן. נָתְנוּ לָהֶם זְמַן שְׁלֹשָׁה יָמִים, בָּדְקוּ וְלֹא מָצְאוּ תְּשׁוּבָה. מִיַּד הֵנִיחוּ שְׂדוֹתֵיהֶן כְּשֶׁהֵן זְרוּעוֹת וְכַרְמֵיהֶן כְּשֶׁהֵן נְטוּעוֹת וּבָרְחוּ וְאוֹתָהּ שָׁנָה שְׁבִיעִית הָיְתָה. עַד וַיִּתֵּן אַבְרָהָם אֶת כָּל וְגוֹ'. וְלִבְנֵי הַפִּילַגְשִׁים אֲשֶׁר לְאַבְרָהָם נָתַן אַבְרָהָם מַתָּנֹת אָב שֶׁכָּתַב לְגִטְיוּן לְבָנָיו בַּחַיִים וְשִׁגֵּר זֶה מֵעַל זֶה, יֵשׁ לְזֶה עַל זֶה כְּלוּם מַאי מַתָּנוֹת, אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמִיָּה, שֶׁמָּסַר לָהֶם שֵׁם טֻמְאָה וְכוּ'. וַיְּשַׁלְּחֵם מֵעַל יִצְחָק בְּנוֹ אָמַר לָהֶם, מַה שֶׁאַתֶּם יְכוֹלִין לְהַרְחִיק הַרְחִיקוּ שֶׁלֹּא תִּכָּווּ בְּגַחֲלָתוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק אֲבָל עֵשָׂו עַל יְדֵי שֶׁבָּא וְנִזְדַּוֵּג לְיַעֲקֹב נָטַל אֶת שֶׁלּוֹ מִתַּחַת יָדוֹ הֲדָא הוּא דִּכְתִיב (ישעיה כג, ז ח) "הֲזֹאת לָכֶם עֲלִיזָה וְגוֹ' מִי יָעַץ זֹאת צוֹר הַמַּעֲטִירָה" וְגוֹ'. (בראשית כה ז) וְאֵלֶּה יְמֵי שְׁנֵי חַיֵּי אַבְרָהָם (תהלים לז, יח) "יוֹדֵעַ ה' יְמֵי תְמִימִים", זֶה אַבְרָהָם "וְנַחֲלָתָם לְעוֹלָם תִּהְיֶה", וְאֵלֶּה יְמֵי שְׁנֵי חַיֵּי אַבְרָהָם.