Rabbi Akiva Questions the Elders on Counting Sins

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 464:7

Rabbi Akiva said: I asked Rabban Gamliel and Rabbi Yehoshua in the meat-market of Emaus, when they went to buy an animal for the feast of Rabban Gamliel's son: one who lay with his sister, his father's sister, and his mother's sister in a single lapse of awareness, what is the law? Is he liable once for them all, or for each one? They said to him: this we have not heard, but we have heard that one who lay with his five menstruant wives in a single lapse is liable for each one, and we see that the matter is an argument from the lighter to the heavier. Rabbi Akiva further asked about a dangling limb on an animal; they said: we have not heard, but we have heard about a dangling limb on a person, that he remains pure, and so those afflicted with boils in Jerusalem would do: a man would go on the eve of Passover to the physician, who would cut until he left a hair's breadth, stick it on a thorn, and the man would pull away from it, and that man would offer his Passover lamb and the physician his, and we see the matter is an argument from light to heavy. Rabbi Akiva further asked about one who slaughters five sacrifices outside the courtyard in a single lapse; they said: we have not heard. Rabbi Yehoshua said: I have heard that one who eats from a single sacrifice in five servings in one lapse is liable for each on account of misuse of sacred property, and I see the matter as an argument from light to heavy. Rabbi Shimon said: what proof is one who eats to one who slaughters? Rabbi Akiva said: if it is a received tradition we accept it, but if it is reasoning, there is a reply. He said: reply. He said: no, for in misuse of sacred property the law made the feeder like the eater and the one who benefits another like one who benefits himself, joining the misuse over a long span; can you say this here, where none of these applies? Rabbi Akiva said: I asked Rabbi Eliezer about one who does many labors on many Sabbaths of a single kind, whether he is liable once or for each, arguing from the menstruant, and he answered me that the Sabbath has only one warning, while the menstruant has two; and so the back-and-forth continued. "The children of Israel, a soul" (compare Leviticus 4:27): thus the community is like the individual; just as the individual brings only for a matter whose deliberate doing carries excision and whose inadvertent doing requires a sin offering, so too the community.

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