The Poor Sinner's Flour Offering Without Oil or Frankincense

"And if his means do not suffice for two turtledoves" and so on (Leviticus 5:11). Rabbi Yehuda said: a commandment is precious in its proper time, for he immediately brings the tenth of an ephah, and we do not wait for him until he becomes wealthy and brings a lamb or a goat. Rabbi Eliezer says: a commandment is precious in its proper time, for in the matter of valuations he immediately gives a sela, and we do not wait for him until he becomes wealthy and brings fifty selas. Rabbi Shimon says: a commandment is precious in its proper time, for the burning of fats is fit all night, and they override the Sabbath in their proper time, and we do not wait for them until they are offered at the conclusion of the Sabbath. "And he shall bring his offering for that which he has sinned, a tenth of an ephah" (Leviticus 5:11): I have only the offering of his obligation as a tenth of an ephah; from where do I include also the offering of his free will as a tenth of an ephah? Scripture states, "his offering for that which he has sinned, a tenth of an ephah." "A tenth of an ephah": one part in ten of three seahs, which are seven quarters and a bit more. "Fine flour": just as the fine flour mentioned elsewhere is from wheat, so too the fine flour mentioned here is from wheat. "For a sin-offering": that its separation as a commandment be for the sake of a sin-offering. "He shall put no oil upon it": it was taught, Rabbi Shimon says: by right the meal-offering of a sinner should require oil and frankincense, so that the sinner should not profit; and why does it not require them? So that his offering should not be of fine quality. And by right the fat sin-offering should require libations, so that the sinner should not profit; and why does it not require them? So that his offering should not be of fine quality. It was stated: as for a handful of a sinner's meal-offering upon which he placed oil, Rabbi Yochanan said it is disqualified; Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish said he himself stirs it among the remnants of the log of oil and offers it up. But is it not written "he shall put no oil upon it"? That verse means that he should not fix a measure of oil for it as for its companions. "He shall put no oil upon it," and if he placed oil, it is disqualified. One might think "he shall not place frankincense on it," and if he placed it, it is disqualified; Scripture states, "for it is a sin-offering." One might think the same for oil; Scripture states, "it is." And what did you see to disqualify with oil and to validate with frankincense? I disqualify with oil because it cannot be gathered off, and I validate with frankincense because it can be gathered off. Rabbi Yitzhak bar Yosef said in the name of Rabbi Yochanan: if he placed any amount of oil upon an olive's bulk of meal-offering, it is disqualified. What is the reason? "He shall put"—any placing at all; "upon it"—provided there is the required measure of meal-offering. And Rav Yitzhak bar Yosef said in the name of Rabbi Yochanan: if he placed an olive's bulk of frankincense upon any amount of meal-offering, it is disqualified. What is the reason? "He shall not place"—provided there is a placing; "upon it"—it was included again, and this is inclusion after inclusion, which serves only to exclude. The rabbis taught: "he shall put," one might think by means of two priests; Scripture states "upon it"—Scripture speaks of the body of the meal-offering itself. One might think he should not place vessel upon vessel, and if he did it is disqualified; Scripture states "upon it"—Scripture speaks of the body of the meal-offering itself. "He shall put no oil upon it": he may put oil on its remnants. "For it is a sin-offering": Rabbi Yehuda said, "it" and not the meal-offering of the High Priest, for that sin-offering [type] does not require frankincense. "And the priest shall take a handful" and so on, "upon the fire-offerings of the LORD" (Leviticus 5:12): that he burn it on the fire and direct his intent for the sake of [the offering]. "It is a sin-offering": excluding one whose handful was taken not for its own sake.