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The Cat, the Dog, and Adam Before Eden Closed

They put their paws together and swore never to share a house. The dog starved his way to Adam's door. The cat was already inside.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Mouse Stood Before God
  2. They Swore on Their Paws
  3. The Dog Lost Every Host
  4. Adam Could Not End It

The curve of Adam's heel had outshone the sun. God had tied canopies over him in the Garden, ten or eleven or thirteen, depending on who counted the stones in the verse. Then God said, "You are dust," and the glory of his face changed, and the gate shut.

The Cat, the Dog, and Adam Before Eden Closed Click for full size

Adam did not walk out in silence. Animals came at his heels. A household formed around him before he had even learned the ordinary dust. Inside that household a politics began at once.

The Mouse Stood Before God

Before the famine, before any oath, the mouse went to God with a complaint. "I and the cat are partners, but we have nothing to eat."

God looked into the mouse's heart. "You are intriguing against your companion. You want only to devour her. As a punishment, she shall devour you."

"O Lord of the world, wherein have I done wrong?"

"You should have been warned by the moon, who lost part of her light because she spoke ill of the sun, and what she lost was given to her opponent. The evil you harbored shall be punished the same way. Instead of your devouring her, she shall devour you."

"Shall my whole kind be destroyed?"

"I will take care that a remnant of you is spared."

In her rage the mouse bit the cat. The cat threw herself on the mouse and hacked with her teeth until the mouse lay dead. From that moment the mouse stood in such awe of the cat that she did not even try to defend herself. She kept herself in hiding. Intent had been enough. The act only confirmed what God had already seen.

They Swore on Their Paws

The cat and the dog had been friends. They shared food. They shared winter. Then neither could find anything to eat for three days.

The cat grew peevish, then sharp. "We can't go on like this," she said. "We can't find enough to share. Separately we might each live." The dog offered to help because he was stronger. She already knew where she was going.

"To the house of Adam," she said. "There are mice there. He will be grateful if I clear them. I shall have food."

The dog assented, hurt, and said he would wander farther. The serpent, wisest of the animals, told them the proper way to end a compact. They put their right fore-paws together and swore never to interfere with each other by going to the same place. Then they parted. The dog trotted off with his head hanging down. Once he looked back. The cat did not.

The Dog Lost Every Host

The cat took up her abode with Adam and found enough mice to satisfy her. Adam treated her kindly. The dog saw bad times.

The first night he sheltered in the cave of the wolf. He barked at steps in the dark. The steps were wild animals, and he nearly lost his life. He fled to the monkey, who would not grant him even one night. He went to the sheep. Again he heard steps. He rose to chase the marauders, who turned out to be wolves. His barking told the wolves where the sheep were. He saved his host and killed his host with the same sound.

Now he had lost his last friend. Night after night he begged for shelter and found none. He was cold. He was hungry. He stood outside Adam's house and decided that no oath, sworn under better circumstances, could require him to starve to death.

Adam Could Not End It

He went in. Wild animals approached under cover of darkness. The dog barked. Adam woke, took his bow, and drove them away. He bade the dog remain always. In the morning the cat was already there, watching. She had been there first, by the terms of their agreement.

"The dog has violated the oath he swore not to come to the place where I am," she said.

"He did not know you were here," Adam said. "I invited him. He is useful. There is room for both."

The dog promised not to touch anything intended for her. She insisted she could not live in one house with a thief. She arched her back and put out her claws. He stood dejected, tail between his legs, and said he had been hungry and miserable and tired. She would not be pacified.

Bickerings became the order of the day. At last the dog could stand it no longer. He left for the house of Seth, who welcomed him. From there he still tried to make peace. In vain. Adam lost patience.

"You blame each other," he said. "I can't make you out. You look like quarrelling forever."

The sentence sat on them like a decree. The enmity of the first dog and the first cat went down to their descendants. Behind it sat an older sentence still, spoken over a mouse who had only intended harm, in the days when Adam's heel still remembered the sun.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 1:62Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

It wasn't always this way! According to the legends, these creatures weren’t born rivals. Their animosity, like so much else in this world, has a story, a reason... or rather, several reasons.

Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews recounts a fascinating tale. Originally, they were partners! But a certain… imbalance of power led to a divine intervention.

One day, the mouse went to God with a complaint: "I and the cat are partners, but we have nothing to eat!" Sounds innocent enough. But God saw into the mouse's heart. "Thou art intriguing against thy companion, only that thou mayest devour her," the Lord declared. "As a punishment, she shall devour thee." Ouch.

The mouse, naturally, protested: "O Lord of the world, wherein have I done wrong?" God's response is a powerful lesson in itself. "O thou unclean reptile, thou shouldst have been warned by the example of the moon, who lost a part of her light because she spake ill of the sun." There's a lot packed into that one sentence! As we find in Midrash Rabbah, speaking ill of others – especially those more powerful than us – can backfire spectacularly. The mouse's punishment? The cat would devour her instead.

But, the mouse pleaded: "O Lord of the world! Shall my whole kind be destroyed?" God, in his mercy, promised: "I will take care that a remnant of thee is spared." So, even in punishment, there's always a glimmer of hope.

The story takes a dark turn. In a fit of rage, the mouse bit the cat. And the cat, in turn, attacked the mouse with deadly force. Ever since, mice have lived in terror of cats, never daring to defend themselves. It's a harsh origin story, highlighting themes of betrayal, divine retribution, and the enduring consequences of our actions.

But what about the dog and the cat? Their story is different, yet equally compelling. Initially, they too were friends, even partners, sharing whatever meager food they could find. But hard times fell upon them. For three days, neither could find anything to eat. The dog, in desperation, suggested dissolving their partnership. The cat would go to Adam, where she might find mice, while the dog would seek his fortune elsewhere. But they made a solemn vow: never to share the same master.

The cat found a good home with Adam, thriving on the plentiful mice and earning Adam's favor. The dog, however, fared poorly. He sought shelter with a wolf, then a monkey, then a sheep, but each encounter ended in near-disaster or outright betrayal. He was homeless, hungry, and alone.

Finally, in desperation, the dog also went to Adam. Adam, recognizing the dog's usefulness in guarding his home from wild animals, welcomed him. But the cat, upon seeing the dog, was furious! She accused him of breaking his oath. Adam tried to mediate, assuring her that there was enough for both of them, but the cat was unappeasable. She couldn't live in the same house as a "thief" – a breaker of oaths.

The bickering became unbearable. Eventually, the dog left Adam and found refuge with Seth. He tried to reconcile with the cat, but to no avail. And so, the enmity between the first dog and the first cat was passed down to all their descendants, continuing to this very day.

What can we learn from these ancient tales? Perhaps it’s about the fragility of friendship, the importance of keeping our promises, or the way that even small acts of betrayal can have lasting consequences. Maybe it’s just a reminder that even the simplest relationships – between cats and mice, dogs and cats – have a history, a story worth telling. And who knows, maybe understanding these stories can help us understand a little bit more about ourselves, and the complex web of relationships that make up our own lives.

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Kohelet Rabbah 1:2Kohelet Rabbah

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah, 2022 · CC-BY

Kohelet Rabbah turns to Eden, Adam at the Dawn of Creation.

Kohelet Rabbah, a rabbinic commentary on the Book of Ecclesiastes (or Kohelet in Hebrew), opens a window into this fascinating area. It begins by pondering the verse, "who is like the wise man?" (Ecclesiastes 8:1). The Midrash answers that this refers to Adam, the first man. Why? Because, as (Ezekiel 28:12) says, "You are the culmination of perfection.” He was the pinnacle of creation. And, "who knows the meaning of a matter?", well, that was Adam too, as he named all the animals.

It gets even wilder. "The wisdom of a man illuminates his face," the verse continues. Rabbi Levi takes this literally. He says, and get this, the curve of Adam's heel outshone the sun! Rabbi Levi anticipates our disbelief. He explains it with a beautiful analogy: If you craft two exquisite trays, one for yourself and one for a guest, which would you make more beautiful? Naturally, the one for yourself! Adam, the Midrash implies, was created for the service of God, while the sun was created for the service of humanity. Therefore, shouldn't Adam's heel outshine the sun? And if his heel was that radiant, imagine his face!

Rabbi Ḥama bar Ḥanina adds another layer to this incredible image. He says that God prepared thirteen canopies for Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. We find support for this in (Ezekiel 28:13): "You were in Eden, the garden of God; every precious stone was your canopy: ruby, topaz and clear quartz, beryl, onyx, and chalcedony, sapphire, carbuncle, emerald and gold."

Now, the exact number of canopies becomes a point of rabbinic discussion. Reish Lakish says eleven. Other Rabbis say ten. The Midrash explains that they aren't really disagreeing about the verse itself. The one who said thirteen interprets the phrase "every precious stone was your canopy" as referring to three additional materials. The one who said eleven interprets it as one. And the one who said ten doesn't interpret it as any. These are interpretations of the same verse.

So, picture it: Adam and Eve, surrounded by unimaginable beauty, radiating light, dwelling in a paradise of precious stones. And yet…

After all this praise, after all this glory, God says to Adam, "as you are dust" (Genesis 3:19).

The Midrash then tells us that “the boldness of his face is changed.” Why? Because when God asks Adam if he ate from the forbidden tree (Genesis 3:12), Adam blames God for giving him Eve, who gave him the fruit. The Holy One, blessed be He, then changes the glory of Adam's countenance and expels him from Eden.

What a fall from grace! From radiant being, dwelling in paradise, to mortal man, cast out into the world. It makes you think. Even with immense gifts and blessings, our choices matter. Responsibility accompanies privilege. And perhaps, the story of Adam isn't just a story about the first man, but a mirror reflecting our own potential – and our own capacity for disappointment.

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Jewish Fairy Tales and Legends, The Quarrel of the Cat and DogJewish Fairy Tales and Legends (Landa, 1919)

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Project Gutenberg eBook #26711 · Public Domain

Adam once had a peaceful house, and the cat and dog nearly ruined it.

Landa's 1919 Jewish folktale begins in the childhood of the world, when Adam had named the animals and still ruled over them. Cat and dog were partners then. They shared food, shelter, secrets, and winter hunger. Then scarcity came, and the cat proposed a formal separation.

The serpent, called wise by the animals, supplies the legal idea. Cat and dog swear never to cross one another's path. The cat runs to Adam's house to catch mice. The dog wanders into hunger, wolves, wounds, and humiliation until he too reaches Adam's door without knowing the cat is inside.

Adam is grateful to both. The cat protects the house from mice. The dog guards it from danger. But the old oath poisons the peace. The cat insists the dog has violated the agreement. The dog says he came only because hunger drove him there.

Adam tries to reconcile them, then loses patience and says they look ready to quarrel forever. The tale treats that sentence like a decree. From then on, cat and dog carry the first broken partnership of Eden into every human house.

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