Parshat Behar

838 related texts · 4 related myths · Page 1 of 18

The sabbatical year, the jubilee year, laws of land ownership, and the prohibition against usury. Leviticus 25:1-26:2.

Rabbi Berekhya said — The Holy one blessed be He recorded

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 10:13

Rabbi Berekhya said: The Holy one blessed be He recorded the redemption of Israel in the Torah, as it is written: “If a stranger who is a resident among you shall prosper…” (Leviti...

TorahExileRedemptionPatriarchs

He Shall Serve Him Forever Until the Jubilee Year Yovel

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 2:23

"and he shall serve him forever": until the Jubilee year (Yovel). For it would follow otherwise, viz. If money, whose "power" is formidable, and which acquires everything, acquires...

WisdomAdam & EveTribes

Why the Ear of a Hebrew Slave Is Pierced at the Doorpost

Midrash Aggadah Gaster, The Exempla of the Rabbis (1924), No. 277

The Torah gives one of its most peculiar laws. If a Hebrew slave, after six years of service, chooses to stay with his master rather than go free, his ear is brought to the doorpos...

TorahRabbisEthics

Sabbatical Years and Jubilees Ordained at Sinai

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 50:6

It's considered apocryphal – meaning it's not part of the biblical canon for most Jewish denominations. But it’s still a treasure trove of information about ancient Jewish thought ...

Adam & EveMosesHoly LandSinai

Joseph and the Hand of God in Every Hardship

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 76

There is nothing more beloved than the Mincha prayer. The afternoon offering, the one between the morning and the evening, is the prayer that comes at the moment when the day is st...

JacobJosephTorahKing David

Let All Their Wickedness Come Before You, and Do to Them

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 1:57

“Let all their wickedness come before You, and do to them as You did to me for all my transgressions, for my sighs are many and my heart is suffering” (Lamentations 1:22).“Let all ...

CreationRedemptionMosesProphecy

When Moses Saw This, He Took the Blood and Sprinkled It on the People

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 3:5

R. Yishmael says: What is written at the beginning, viz. (Leviticus 25:1-3) "And the L–rd spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying … then the land shall rest a Sabbath to the L–rd. Si...

CreationTorahMosesPrayer

He Shall Go Out from You in the Jubilee Year

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 1:25

Whence do we derive (the same for) the food of his children? From (Leviticus 25:41) "And he shall go out from you (in the Jubilee year), he and his children with him." From "going ...

WisdomWomen of the BibleTribesHumor

The Torah's Prohibition Against Charging Interest Is One of the Most

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 1:7

The Torah's prohibition against charging interest is one of the most distinctive features of biblical economic law. The Mekhilta examines the verse "Do not impose interest upon him...

WisdomCommandmentsTribes

Eber and Noah of Jubilee

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 8:13

It's a fascinating read, full of details you won't find anywhere else in the Torah. The Book of Jubilees, sometimes called Lesser Genesis, presents itself as a revelation given to ...

Noah & FloodAdam & EveMosesDreams & Visions

The Torah Commands Freedom Forever, but the Jubilee Trumps

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 2:24

Rebbi, the great Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi, offered a precise definition of a word that usually sounds limitless. When the Torah says a Hebrew servant "shall serve him forever" (Exodus ...

DeathAdam & EveHumor

Differences Between Male and Female Servitude

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 118:5

Our case in point comes from Sifrei Devarim 118, a commentary on the Book of Deuteronomy. It specifically asks why the Torah bothers mentioning both "the Hebrew man" and "the Hebre...

TorahAdam & EveDivine justiceKabbalah

The Hebrew Slave Who Refuses Freedom Out of Love

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 121:1

Specifically, The Torah outlines that a Hebrew slave is to be freed in the seventh year of their servitude. But what happens if the slave, presented with freedom, refuses it? What ...

TorahAdam & EveHumorLove

The Seventh Year Belongs to the Poor and the Beasts

Midrash Aggadah Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Exodus 23:11

Six years you plow. Six years you harvest. Six years you measure the field by what it produces for you. Then the seventh year arrives. And the ledger flips. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan ...

CharitySabbathHoly LandPoverty

The Requirements Of The Messiah

Midrash Aggadah Mishneh Torah

What does it truly mean for the Messiah to come? What would be required? The familiar telling remembers the miraculous, the earth-shattering changes that the arrival of Mashiach – ...

CreationMessiahTorahTemple

The Expanded Story of Moses on Mount Sinai

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 1:4

The familiar story is this: Moses goes up the mountain, gets the Ten Commandments, and comes back down. But what if there was more to the story? What if the Bible we know is just a...

CreationJosephMosesTorah

Mount Sinai Studies Torah

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 6:34

Book of Jubilees turns to Mount Sinai Studies Torah. It states, quite directly, that "one day in the year in this month they shall celebrate the festival. For it is the feast of we...

TorahHoly LandHolidays

Rebecca Blesses Jacob Before He Departs in Jubilees

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 25:9

Book of Jubilees turns to Rebecca Blesses Jacob Before He Departs in Jubilees. The Book of Jubilees, sometimes called Lesser Genesis, is a fascinating ancient Jewish text. It retel...

PatriarchsHoly LandWomen of the BibleJacob

The Shofar Blasts That Navigate the Spiritual Desert

Sefer HaKanah Sefer HaKanah 45:8

In ancient text, Sefer HaKanah, these sounds are a complex language, a mystical dialogue between us, the divine, and the very forces that shape our reality. Yourself in the wildern...

CreationAdam & EveTorahMessiah

The First Torah

Apocrypha Jubilees 1:1-4

The familiar picture has Moses on Mount Sinai, receiving the divine word directly from God. Forty days and forty nights of dictation. But what if I told you there's another story, ...

CreationAngelsHeavenMessiah

She Shall Not Go Out as the Canaanite Bondsmen Go Out

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 1:20

For it is written (Ibid. 7) "And if a man sells his daughter as a maidservant, she shall not go out as the (Canaanite) bondsmen go out", by (loss of) organ prominences, as the Cana...

WisdomHumorTribesHeresy

Rabbi Eliezer Tackles a Textual Ambiguity in the Torah's Laws

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 9:6

Rabbi Eliezer tackles a textual ambiguity in the Torah's laws of servitude that has real legal consequences. The verse under discussion deals with the acquisition of servants, and ...

WisdomTribesBibleLaw

Rabbi Yishmael on a Sobering Principle About Canaanite Bondservants

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 9:14

Rabbi Yishmael taught a sobering principle about Canaanite bondservants: a Canaanite bondservant can never be redeemed by an outside party. The only path to freedom is the master's...

WisdomAdam & EveAbrahamRedemption

The Poor of Your People Shall Eat It

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 3:25

"And the poor of your people shall eat it", during the shemitah year, the produce that grows on its own is available to the poor. But (Leviticus 25:6) says something different: "fo...

CharityPovertyTribes

What They Leave Shall Be Eaten by the Animals

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 3:27

"And what they leave shall be eaten by the animals of the field", the Torah establishes that shemitah produce left uneaten by humans may be consumed by wild animals. But the Mekhil...

WisdomTribesAnimalsAdam & Eve

God Promised Triple Harvests in the Sixth Year

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Leviticus 25

Leviticus 25 introduces the sabbatical year and the Jubilee. The Targum Jonathan addresses the most obvious objection: if the land rests every seventh year, what will people eat? G...

MosesSinaiRedemptionAtonement

On a Floor of Alabaster, Marble, Mother-of-pearl, and Onyx

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 2:9

“On a floor of alabaster, marble, mother-of-pearl, and onyx.” Rav Naḥman said: Come and see what the comfort of that wicked one was like. His house was paved with precious stones a...

Divine justiceWomen of the BibleCreationEsther

Clapping Hands During Prayer Breaks All Judgments

Kabbalah & Mysticism Likutey Moharan, Lesson 9

The essence of life comes from prayer. Rabbi Nachman of Breslov derives this from a single verse: "Prayer to the God of my life" (Psalms 42:9). Prayer is not merely an appeal to th...

PrayerTzaddikFaithHealing

Joseph Slaughter an Animal and Prepare It, Prepare Alluding to Sabbath

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 1:14

In what lies in the other ark it is written (Exodus 20) "I am the L–rd your G–d," and of Joseph it is written (Genesis 50:19) "Am I in the place of G–d?" In what lies in this ark i...

MosesShabbatHoly Land

In Your Brothers, the Children of Israel, One May Not Lord It Over

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 1:13

"Six years shall he serve": I might think (that he performs) both demeaning and non-demeaning service. It is, therefore, written (Leviticus 25:39) "Do not have him work the service...

Holy LandTribesLevi

Beloved are the strangers, for by every epithet that Israel

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 18:5

Beloved are the strangers, for by every epithet that Israel is called, the strangers are called. Israelites are called "servants," as it is written (Leviticus 25:55) "For unto Me t...

PatriarchsProphecyHoly Land

Jerusalem Remembered in the Days of Her Affliction and Her

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 1:34

“Jerusalem remembered in the days of her affliction and her wretchedness, all her delights that she had from the days of old; with the fall of her people into the hand of the adver...

TorahExileShabbatCharity

The Lord Accomplished What He Devised He Implemented His

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 2:21

“The Lord accomplished what He devised: He implemented His statement that He commanded from the days of old; He destroyed and had no compassion. He caused the enemy to rejoice over...

CovenantHoly LandJoyTragedy

Why Do You Forget Us Forever, Forsake Us for So Long

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 5:20

“Why do You forget us forever, forsake us for so long?” (Lamentations 5:20).“Why do You forget us forever?” Rabbi Yehoshua bar Avin said: Jeremiah employed four expressions: Spurni...

MosesProphecyHoly Land

The Sun as a Great Sign Upon the Earth

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 2:20

Book of Jubilees turns to The Sun as a Great Sign Upon the Earth. Specifically, the text emphasizes their role “to rule over the day and the night, and divide the light from the da...

CreationMiraclesSun and moonTime

How Jubilees Retells the Garden of Eden Story

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 3:17

It might surprise you to learn that some of it isn't directly from the Torah we read in synagogues. Let's The Book of Jubilees, also sometimes called Lesser Genesis, is an ancient ...

TorahTempleAdam & EveBirth

Jubilees Warns of Judgment and Exile to Come

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 23:38

This ancient Jewish text, considered canonical by some but not others, pulls no punches when it comes to predicting the future – or, perhaps more accurately, warning us about the c...

Hell/GehennaTempleExileJudgment

Ancient Agricultural Tithes Ordained in Jubilees

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 32:18

Book of Jubilees turns to Ancient Agricultural Tithes Ordained in Jubilees. The Book of Jubilees isn’t part of the canonical Hebrew Bible that most people know. It’s an ancient Jew...

TorahHumorHeresyAdam & Eve

Jacob's Priestly Tithe at Bethel in Jubilees

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 32:21

Sometimes, they're right there in the Torah. Other times, we find echoes of them in texts that didn't quite make it into the official canon. Take the Book of Jubilees, for example....

PatriarchsTempleSacrifice

Esau's Declaration of War Against Jacob in Jubilees

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 37:24

The Book of Jubilees, for those who aren't familiar, is an ancient Jewish text, considered part of the biblical apocrypha or pseudepigrapha – writings that hover around the edges o...

MosesWarPatriarchsJacob

The Ten Commandments (Book of Jubilees)

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees

The Book of Jubilees claims that Moses received far more on Mount Sinai than the Ten Commandments, he received a cosmic download about the very fabric of time itself. The text pres...

MosesTorahSinai

Why Would a Hebrew Slave Not Be Freed When Maimed by His Master

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 1:21

The Torah specifies that a Hebrew maidservant does not go free through the loss of "organ prominences", external body parts like teeth or eyes that, if knocked out by the master, w...

WisdomWomen of the BibleTorahLaw

Here They Adduced One Who Lends on Interest Is Guilty

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 1:9

The Mekhilta catalogs the multiple transgressions committed by someone who lends money at interest. From the Torah's various prohibitions against usury, the rabbis identified five ...

WisdomCommandmentsTribes

Mount Sinai's Transgression

Sifrei Bamidbar Sifrei Bamidbar 143:1

Sifrei Bamidbar turns to Mount Sinai's Transgression. It’s an intriguing comparison, isn’t it? This verse seems to be drawing a parallel between the regular, daily tamid offering a...

MosesSinaiSacrifice

The Sabbatical Release of Debts Inside and Outside Israel

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 112:1

Sifrei Devarim turns to The Sabbatical Release of Debts Inside and Outside Israel. Our passage starts with a verse from Deuteronomy (15:2), stating "because it has been declared sh...

TorahDivine justiceHumorAdam & Eve

Why Shmita Releases Loans but Yovel Does Not

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 112:4

They might sound distant, but their underlying principles still resonate. A system designed to periodically reset economic imbalances. That's the essence of Shemitah and Yovel. The...

TorahWisdomKabbalahDivine justice

Gifts for Freed Hebrew Slaves - You Cannot Send Them Empty

Sifrei Devarim Sifrei Devarim 123:1

The Torah, it turns out, is overflowing with them. Take the laws surrounding freeing Hebrew slaves, for example. We find some fascinating details in Sifrei Devarim, a collection of...

TorahDivine justiceKabbalahLight

Why Rabbi Judah's Face Glowed When He Was Accused of Usury

Midrash Aggadah Gaster, Exempla No. 44

A gentile came to Rabbi Judah ben Ilai with a rude accusation. "Rabbi," he said, "your face is too well-fed. You must be living off usury, taking interest from the poor." Rabbi Jud...

RabbisStudyTorahWisdom