Parshat Bereshit

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Covers the creation of the world in six days, Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, the first sin, Cain and Abel, and the generations from Adam to Noah. Genesis 1:1-6:8.

Philo on the Deeper Meaning of the Seasons

Philo The Midrash of Philo 22:2

We take them for granted, this endless cycle of planting and harvesting, warmth and cold. But what if it all stopped? What if spring never came, or winter just kept going and going...

CreationSoulWisdomExile

Philo Interprets Whoso Sheddeth Man's Blood

Philo The Midrash of Philo 6:1

Take the phrase, "Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed" (Genesis 9:6). Sounds simple enough. An eye for an eye. But is it really that simple? The ancient rabb...

CreationJudgmentDivine justiceViolence

Why Humans Bear the Image of God but Not His Own Image

Philo The Midrash of Philo 6:4

Take (Genesis 9:6), for example. It says God made humankind in His image. But the verse specifies "...the image of God," not “…His own image.” Why the distinction? Philo, the great...

CreationSoulHumorWit

Noah's Nakedness Was Actually Praise of the Wise

Philo The Midrash of Philo 21:5

It offers a reading that's surprisingly insightful, telling us it’s actually a praise of the wise person. Yes, you read that right: praise! But how can nakedness be praiseworthy? P...

CreationMysticismSoulPrayer

Why Canaan Was Cursed Instead of His Father Ham

Philo The Midrash of Philo 27:9

Take the story of Noah and his sons after the flood, specifically Ham and his son Canaan. We read in (Genesis 9:27) that Canaan, not Ham, is cursed to be a servant. Why? What's goi...

CreationHell/GehennaHoly Land

Japhet in Jewish Tradition

Philo The Midrash of Philo 2:2

Let's take a detour into the world of ancient Jewish thought, specifically, a fascinating text known as the Midrash of Philo. Now, Philo of Alexandria was a Jewish philosopher livi...

WisdomAdam & EveMusic & SongSin

The Lost Father and the Soul's Inner Tug of War

Philo The Midrash of Philo 8:2

That struggle, that internal tug-of-war, is something ancient thinkers grappled with too. And one place we find it explored is in the writings attributed to Philo of Alexandria. In...

CreationHeavenCreaturesSoul

Divine Intervention

Philo The Midrash of Philo 8:2

We’re promised something amazing, something life-changing, but a little part of us whispers, "Show me. Just a little sign." That tension is ancient. And it’s right there, simmering...

MiraclesWisdomHumorWit

Philo Sees Layers of Allegory Woven Into Torah

Philo The Midrash of Philo 9:2

Sometimes, it feels like there's a whole hidden world waiting to be unlocked. Philo of Alexandria, a Jewish philosopher who lived in the first century CE, was absolutely convinced ...

CreationHeavenTorahTemple

Abraham in Battle and the Covenant

Philo The Midrash of Philo 10:1

Sometimes, those tiny details hold the biggest secrets. Take (Genesis 15:10), for example. It’s a verse about Abraham, and God's covenant with him. Seems straightforward. "And he t...

CreationAbrahamCovenantWar

Abraham Drove Off the Birds From the Covenant Sacrifice

Philo The Midrash of Philo 11:1

What does it even mean? The verse appears in the context of the brit bein ha-betarim, the “covenant between the pieces.” God makes a covenant with Abraham, promising him descendant...

CreationSacrificeCovenant

Philo on Abraham's Vision of Four Hundred Years

Philo The Midrash of Philo 13:2

The ancient sages certainly did. And they found profound meaning in that feeling. to a fascinating interpretation of a well-known biblical passage, explored in the Midrash of Philo...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsJob

Going to Your Fathers in Peace and What It Really Means

Philo The Midrash of Philo 15:1

We find ourselves pondering this very question in a fascinating corner of Jewish thought, a place where ancient wisdom meets profound insight. The question arises from the Book of ...

CreationDivine justiceHumorWisdom

Philo's Midrash on Sarah and the Layers Beneath Scripture

Philo The Midrash of Philo 1:1

Not quite. The beauty of Jewish tradition lies in its layers. We don't just read the text; we wrestle with it. We ask questions. We search for deeper meaning. And that's where midr...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchs

Why Sarah Told Abraham to Sleep With Hagar

Philo The Midrash of Philo 2:1

Let’s pull up a chair and delve into one of those moments – a complicated one, to be sure, involving Sarah, Abraham, and Hagar. The question before us is this: Why did Sarah, barre...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsWomen of the Bible

The Wise Man Who Called Her His Wife's Handmaiden

Philo The Midrash of Philo 6:2

Our story revolves around a "wise man" – and we aren't explicitly told who, which almost makes him universal. He's speaking about a woman who has conceived a child with him. Now, h...

WisdomJudgmentWomen of the BibleAdam & Eve

Philo on Souls That Welcome Reproof and Souls That Flee

Philo The Midrash of Philo 8:1

The Midrash of Philo dives into this very question, exploring the human soul's capacity for growth and its resistance to it. It suggests that not every soul possesses the ability t...

CreationAngelsPatriarchsMatriarchs

Why Hagar Fled From the Face of Sarah Her Mistress

Philo The Midrash of Philo 8:7

We're diving into a very specific verse: (Genesis 16:8). It's where Hagar, the maidservant of Sarah, answers the angel's question about where she's going. Her reply? "I am fleeing ...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsPrayer

The Angel Promises Hagar Descendants Beyond Counting

Philo The Midrash of Philo 11:1

The verse in question, from (Genesis 16:10), has an angel speaking to Hagar, Sarah's handmaid, who is pregnant with Abraham's child, Ishmael. The angel says, "I will multiply thy s...

CreationAngelsWomen of the Bible

Abraham Isaac and Jacob of Hagar

Philo The Midrash of Philo 15:1

And they gave us a whole treasure trove of interpretations, embellishments, and downright fascinating tales to flesh things out. The verse in question? (Genesis 16:15): "Hagar brou...

CreationPatriarchsWomen of the Bible

Philo on How We Understand Ourselves Before God

Philo The Midrash of Philo 1:1

It’s a question that takes us to the heart of how we understand ourselves in relation to the world, and even to God. Philo of Alexandria, a Jewish philosopher living in Roman Egypt...

CreationMusic & SongHumorWit

Abram — Abraham's Transgression

Philo The Midrash of Philo 5:1

We often take them for granted, but in the ancient world – and particularly in the Jewish tradition – names held incredible power. They weren't just labels; they were reflections o...

CreationPatriarchsAbrahamSin

Philo on the Multiple Meanings of Circumcision

Philo The Midrash of Philo 10:1

The verse in (Genesis 17:10) states, "And every male of you shall be circumcised, and you shall circumcise, or you shall be circumcised, in the flesh of your foreskin." Seems strai...

CreationCovenantYetzer Hara (Evil Inclination)

God's Omnipresence

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanhuma

And the answer, again and again, comes back to this: God is everywhere. It's right there in the scriptures. As it says, "His presence fills all the earth" (Isaiah 6:3). We're not t...

HeavenMosesAdam & EveTemple

The Might Of The Angels

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanhuma-Yelammedenu

Jewish tradition grapples with this feeling too, often through stories of angels – beings of immense power, but always, always subservient to God. What does it mean to say somethin...

AngelsDemonsHeavenAdam & Eve

The Quarrel Of The Mountains

Midrash Tanchuma Tanchuma, Shemot 26

You'd expect a pretty epic location. But did you know there was a whole competition to be that mountain? The story goes that when the mountains caught wind that God was planning a ...

TorahMosesSinaiSin

The Parting Of The Red Sea

Midrash Tanchuma Tanchuma, Beshalach 4

That’s the situation the Israelites faced at the Yam Suf, the Sea of Reeds, what we often call the Red Sea. And what happened next is one of the most iconic moments in the entire T...

AngelsMosesNoah & FloodHoly Land

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 6

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 6

And God remembered Noah (Gen. 8:1). May it please our master to teach us the benediction recited upon witnessing a rainbow. Thus did our masters teach us: Upon seeing a rainbow, on...

DeathNoah & FloodAbrahamPatriarchs

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 10

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 10

Go forth from the ark (Gen. 8:16). Scripture says elsewhere in reference to this verse: I counsel thee: keep the king’s command, and that in regard of the oath of God. Be not hasty...

DeathJudgmentFireNoah & Flood

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 11

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 11

Another explanation of go forth from the ark. David said: Bring my soul out of prison (Ps. 142:8). Noah, while in the ark, prayed continually: Bring my soul out of prison, and it i...

CovenantNoah & FloodFloodHoly Land

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 14

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 14

And he planted a vineyard (Gen. 9:20). Noah was one of four men who introduced four things. Noah introduced planting, as it is written: And he planted a vineyard; cursing when he s...

SacrificeYetzer Hara (Evil Inclination)PriesthoodNoah & Flood

Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 16

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Noach 16

And the whole earth was of one language (Gen. 11:1). May it please our master to teach us why a house with an eruv27A legal fiction which establishes the continuity of a community ...

TorahNoah & FloodHumorWomen of the Bible

Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 1

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 1

And the Lord said unto Abram: “Get thee out of thy country” (Gen. 12:1). May it please our master to teach us whether an Israelite is permitted to take upon himself the yoke of the...

TorahKingsAbrahamCommandments

Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 13

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 13

Prior to the verse After these things scripture states: And Abraham heard that his brother was taken captive (Gen. 14:14). Was Lot actually Abraham’s brother? No, indeed! This stat...

PatriarchsAbrahamSinAdam & Eve

Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 19

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 19

And I will make my covenant between Me and thee (Gen. 17:2). Scripture says elsewhere in allusion to this verse: The secret of the Lord is with them that fear Him; and His covenant...

CovenantAdam & EveAbrahamHumor

Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 20

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Lech Lecha 20

And Abraham fell upon his face (Gen. 14:3). Prior to his circumcision, Abraham prostrated himself whenever the Shekhinah (the Divine Presence) addressed him, but after he was circu...

CovenantAdam & EveHumorKings

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 1

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 1

And the Lord appeared unto him by the terebinths of Mamre (Gen. 18:1) May it please our master to teach us: How many benedictions must a man pray each day? Thus do our masters teac...

TorahWomen of the BiblePrayerBlessing

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 3

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 3

And the Lord appeared unto him by the terebinths of Mamre (Gen. 18:1) Why did the Holy One, blessed be He, appear by the terebinths of Mamre? May the name of the Holy One, blessed ...

JudgmentSacrificeSinAdam & Eve

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 4

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 4

And he lifted up his eyes and looked, and lo, three men stood over against him; and when he saw them, he ran to meet them (Gen. 18:1). Thereupon the blood flowed once again from hi...

JudgmentViolenceTribesAbraham

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 8

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 8

And the two angels came to Sodom at evening (Gen. 19:1). What is written before this verse? And Abraham drew near and said, “Wilt Thou sweep away the righteous with the wicked?” (G...

PatriarchsAbrahamSinHumor

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 9

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 9

And the two angels came to Sodom (Gen. 19:1). May it please our master to teach us the number of death penalties the Beth Din (the court of seventy-one members) was empowered to im...

JudgmentAdam & EveAngelsDeath

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 12

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 12

But before they lay down, the men of the city, even the men of Sodom, came … and they called unto Lot and said: “Where are the men?” (Gen. 19:4–5). From this incident you learn tha...

PatriarchsWomen of the BibleHumorAdam & Eve

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 13

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 13

And the Lord remembered Sarah, as he had said (Gen. 21:1). Scripture states elsewhere in allusion to this verse: God is not a man that He should lie; neither the son of man, that H...

MatriarchsProphecyAdam & EveAngels

Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 22

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 22

And He said unto him: “Abraham”; and he said: “Here am I” (Gen. 22:1). What does the expression hineni (“here am I”) signify? It signifies meekness and piety. The meekness of pious...

SacrificeCovenantAbrahamAdam & Eve

Midrash Tanchuma, Chayei Sara 1

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Chayei Sara 1

And Abraham was old, well stricken in age (Gen. 24:1). May it please our master to teach us: What should a man do if he is riding upon an ass when the time for prayer arrives? Thus...

PatriarchsPrayerAbrahamBlessing

Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 5

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 5

These are the generations of Isaac, Abraham’s son: Abraham begot Isaac (Gen. 25:19). It is written in Scripture: No weapon that is formed against thee shall prosper; and every tong...

JudgmentAdam & EveAbrahamPatriarchs

Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 9

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 9

And it came to pass, that when Isaac was old (Gen. 27:1). Scripture states elsewhere in reference to this verse: Instead of thy fathers shall be thy sons, whom thou shalt make prin...

PatriarchsAbrahamAdam & EvePrayer

Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 11

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 11

And Isaac trembled very exceedingly (Gen. 27:33). What is written before this? Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac, his father (ibid., v. 30). This indicates t...

PatriarchsJacobSinAdam & Eve