Parshat Mishpatim

1,870 related texts · 10 related myths · Page 39 of 39

A collection of civil and criminal laws covering slavery, damages, lending, and the covenant ceremony at Sinai. Exodus 21:1-24:18.

The Profound Impact of Giving to the Poor

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 34:8

Vayikra Rabbah opens a hard teaching about giving and withholding kindness, and the stakes begin with the poor at the door. The first example? None other than Abraham. Abraham as a...

CreationHell/GehennaAngelsPatriarchs

Jacob and the Commandments He Kept Before Sinai

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 35:2

The Vayikra Rabbah, a fascinating midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) collection on the Book of Leviticus, explores this very idea. It opens with the verse "If you follow ...

CreationPatriarchsKing DavidSolomon

Divine Statutes That Hold the Stars and Seas in Place

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 35:4

Vayikra Rabbah turns to Divine Statutes That Hold the Stars and Seas in Place. Not just any statutes. Vayikra Rabbah, a fascinating collection of Midrashic (rabbinic interpretive c...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodKing David

Statutes Written in Fire Before God Gave Them to Moses

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 35:5

You're not alone. Our tradition recognizes this struggle, this internal tug-of-war. And it offers a powerful image to understand it. The text Specifically, it's from section 35. It...

MosesTorahProphecyEgypt

How Does the Greatly Crowded City Sit Alone

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 1:1

“How does the greatly crowded city sit alone? She has become like a widow. Great among the nations, a princess among the states: She has become a vassal” (Lamentations 1:1).“How [e...

TorahExilePatriarchsMoses

Her Impurity Is on Her Hems, She Had Not Considered Her

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 1:36

“Her impurity is on her hems, she had not considered her end; she has declined extraordinarily, there is no one to comfort her. See, Lord, my affliction, for the enemy has expanded...

TorahProphecyDivine justiceTemple

The Adversary Extended His Hand Over All Her Delights for

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 1:38

“The adversary extended his hand over all her delights; for she saw the nations entering her Sanctuary, whom You had commanded that they should not enter Your assembly” (Lamentatio...

TorahPatriarchsProphecyDivine justice

Nine in Egypt and One in the Rest of the World

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 1:17

“The elite of Persia and Media:” It is taught in the name of Rabbi Natan about these ten measures: There are ten portions of licentiousness in the world, nine in Alexandria and one...

TorahMosesProphecyWisdom

Happy Are Those Who Observe the Law, Who Act with

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 6:1

“Happy are those who observe the law, who act with righteousness at all times” (Psalms 106:3). They were counted1They assembled to vote to decide matters of halakha. in the loft of...

TorahRedemptionDivine justiceDeath

Who Gave Ten Thousand Silver Talents to Obliterate Israel

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 7:12

“Haman said to King Aḥashverosh: There is one people that is scattered and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom; their laws are different from every peo...

TorahAngelsDivine justiceWisdom

After he erected the gibbet, he went to Mordekhai and found

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 9:4

After he erected the gibbet, he went to Mordekhai and found that he was sitting in the study hall with the children sitting before him, with sackcloth on their waists, engaging in ...

TorahMosesDivine justiceCovenant

Rabbi Berekhya said — The Holy one blessed be He recorded

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 10:13

Rabbi Berekhya said: The Holy one blessed be He recorded the redemption of Israel in the Torah, as it is written: “If a stranger who is a resident among you shall prosper…” (Leviti...

TorahExileRedemptionPatriarchs

Three Times God Warned Israel Not to Return to Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah, Petichta 3

God told Israel three separate times: do not go back to Egypt. According to Esther Rabbah, they violated every single warning and paid for every single one. Rabbi Shimon ben Yohai ...

TorahMosesProphecyCovenant

Maimonides on the Absolute Oneness of God

The Wars of God The Wars of God 2:11

Central to Judaism is the absolute oneness of God. It’s right there in the Shema, that foundational declaration: “Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one” (Deuteronomy 6:...

Adam & EvePatriarchsMosesKing David

Shekhinah — Divine Presence

The Wars of God The Wars of God 2:15

Jewish tradition has a name for that feeling: Shekhinah (the Divine Presence). But what exactly is it? It’s a word we hear often, especially when talking about exile and redemption...

HeavenNoah & FloodTorahExile

How the Israelites Bowed Before God's Glory Without Idolatry

The Wars of God The Wars of God 2:16

The question at hand: how could the Israelites, knowing the honor due to God, prostrate themselves before something that was created? Isn't that, well, a bit too close to idolatry?...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaAngels

Ptolemy Bowed Seven Times Before the Torah

The Wars of God The Wars of God 2:25

The story goes that when the seventy-two elders presented it to him, he didn't just nod politely. He rose from his throne, and prostrated himself before it not once, but seven time...

Noah & FloodJosephMosesKing David

We Bow to God Through the Torah, Not to the Scroll

The Wars of God The Wars of God 2:26

Our tradition teaches us a vital principle: we don't prostrate ourselves before the Sefer Torah, the Torah scroll itself. It's not about worshipping parchment and ink. Instead, as ...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsTorah

The Obligation to Question and Investigate Torah

The Wars of God The Wars of God 3:2

Our journey starts with what some might call "foolishness and evil folly." The text Why should we limit our investigation? Shouldn't we strive for complete understanding, a sincere...

TorahTempleMysticismRepentance

Father — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

The Wars of God The Wars of God 4:10

Our sages, zichronam livracha, may their memory be a blessing, were extremely careful to distance themselves from any notion that the Almighty needed His creations or relied on the...

CreationMosesTorahMysticism

Kabbalists Who Tangled Evil Into the Divine Realm

The Wars of God The Wars of God 4:22

The answer, as with so many profound questions, lies deep within Jewish tradition, and grapples with some pretty mind-bending concepts, especially when we explore Kabbalah. But som...

HeavenAngelsJosephMoses

Maimonides at the Dawn of Creation

The Wars of God The Wars of God 4:27

The question of creation... it's one that's gripped humanity for millennia, isn't it? How did it all begin? Was there a before? And if so, what was it like? The rabbis of old grapp...

CreationHeavenAngelsAdam & Eve

When Kabbalists and Philosophers Clashed Over God's Unity

The Wars of God The Wars of God 4:29

It’s a recurring theme in Jewish thought, this tension between reason and revelation. The Kabbalists, those mystics who plumb the depths of Jewish esotericism, they didn’t hold bac...

CreationHeavenTorahPrayer

Philo on the Human Struggle Between Body and Soul

Philo The Midrash of Philo 19:2

Ancient Jewish wisdom has something profound to say about that very human struggle. Philo of Alexandria, a Jewish philosopher living in Egypt in the first century CE, offered a uni...

CreationHeavenAdam & EveTorah

Why Cain Was Marked Instead of Killed

Philo The Midrash of Philo 15:8

The familiar story is this: Cain's offering wasn't accepted, Abel's was, jealousy flared, and tragedy struck. But what about the consequences? Why a mark of protection, instead of ...

CreationHell/GehennaJosephJob

Rabbi Jeremiah the Son of Eleazar Declared God

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 10

And the two angels came to Sodom (Gen. 19:1). Scripture states elsewhere in allusion to this verse: But they rebelled and grieved his Holy Spirit; therefore, He was turned to be th...

TorahHeavenAngelsRepentance

Because Lot Associated with Abraham He Learned to Welcome Travelers

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayera 11

And the two angels came to Sodom … and he said: “Behold now, my lords, turn aside, I pray you, into your servant’s house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet” (Gen. 19:1–2). Th...

TorahAngelsAbrahamWisdom

When God, Was About to Give the Torah to Israel, He Asked Will Ye

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayigash 2

Then Judah came near (Gen. 44:18). Scripture states elsewhere in allusion to this verse: My son, if thou art become a surety for thy neighbor, if thou hast struck thy hands for a s...

TorahPatriarchsTribesAdam & Eve

It Happened That Rabbi Hanina the Son of Dosa

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayigash 3

Then Judah came near unto him. Scripture states elsewhere in reference to this verse: The lion, which is the mightiest of beasts, turneth not away for anyone (Prov. 30:30). It happ...

TorahTribesConversionJoseph

The Time Drew Near That Israel Must Die

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vayechi 1

And the time drew near that Israel must die (Gen. 47:29). It is stated in Scripture in reference to this verse: For we are strangers before Thee, and sojourners, as all our fathers...

TorahPatriarchsDeathHumor

It Shall Be When Thy Son Asketh Thee Tomorrow What Is

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Bo 13

And it shall be when thy son asketh thee tomorrow: “What is this?” (Exod. 13:14). Sometimes tomorrow means the next day, and sometimes it means the time to come. In the verse When ...

TorahEgyptMosesRedemption

When We Reached the Sea We Left Unuttered No Words of Praise with

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Yitro 3

18:1). Scripture says elsewhere in allusion to this verse: Thine ointments have a goodly fragrance; thy name is an ointment poured forth; therefore do the maidens love thee (Song 1...

TorahHumorCommandmentsAdam & Eve

To Teach Us What Things Have Their Reward in the World-to-come

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Yitro 14

And God spoke (Exod. 20:1). May it please our master to teach us: What things have their reward in the world-to-come? Thus do our masters teach us: These are the things whose inter...

TorahNationsHeresy

Rabbi Berechiah the Priest Berabbi on God, Will Deal Mercifully with

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Tetzaveh 12

And this is the thing that thou shalt do unto them (Exod. 29:1). Scripture says elsewhere in allusion to this verse: Forever, O Lord, Thy word standeth fast in heaven (Ps. 119:89)....

TorahAngelsLawAdam & Eve

He Gave Unto Moses, When He Had Made an End of Speaking with Him

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Ki Tisa 17

And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of speaking with him (Exod. 31:18). Scripture says elsewhere in reference to this verse: Thou hast ascended on high, thou hast led c...

MosesNoah & FloodTorahExile

The Lord on Unto Moses Write Thou These Words, for After the Tenor

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Ki Tisa 34

And the Lord said unto Moses: “Write thou these words, for after the tenor of these words I have made a covenant with thee and with Israel” (Exod. 34:27). Scripture states elsewher...

MosesHumorAdam & EveTorah

For Example, Bezalel, Who Built the Ark, Was Extolled Before God

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Pekudei 3

For example, Bezalel, who built the ark, was extolled before the Holy One, blessed be He, and the angels. He was praised in the upper regions and in the terrestrial regions, as it ...

TorahHumorAdam & EveAngels

What Is the Meaning of That Which Is Written

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Kedoshim 6

(Lev. 19:2:) “You shall be holy.” R. Pinhas bar Hama the Priest said that R. Reuben said, “What is the meaning of that which is written (in Ezek. 3:12), ‘and I heard after me?’14Th...

TorahAngelsHeresyAdam & Eve

When Your Relative Becomes Poor and Sells Some of His Property, Then

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Behar 3

(Lev. 25:25:) ”When your relative becomes poor and sells some of his property, then his redeemer shall come.” Who is his redeemer? I am He, as stated (in Jer. 50:33-34), “The Child...

TorahWomen of the BibleRedemptionConversion

Another Interpretation, Each with His Standard, Under the Banners

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Bamidbar 14

Another interpretation (of Numb. 2:2), “Each with his standard, under the banners.” This text is related (to Cant. 2:4), “He brought me unto the banquet house, [and His standard (d...

TorahTribesMosesLove

Enroll the Children of Levi…. This Text Is Related, God Causes

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Bamidbar 16

(Numb. 3:15:) “Enroll the Children of Levi….” This text is related (to Ps. 68:7), “God causes individuals to dwell in a home.” A certain matron78Lat. matrona. asked R. Jose ben Hal...

TorahTribesAdam & EveMoses

Then Israel Sent Messengers to Sihon. This Text Is Related, Depart

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Chukat 22

(Numb. 21:21:) “Then Israel sent messengers to Sihon […].” This text is related (to Ps. 34:15), “Depart from evil and do good; [seek peace and pursue it].” The Torah did not comman...

TorahAdam & EveConversion

What Is the Meaning of to You? to You It Is Fitting

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Masei 10

(Numb. 34:2), “This is the land that shall fall to you as an inheritance.” What is the meaning of “to you?” To you it is fitting.29Numb. R. 23:11. [The matter] is comparable to a k...

TorahHeresyAdam & EveKings

Lord God, You Have Begun There Is a Parable to What Is This Comparable

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Vaetchanan 5

"Lord God, You have begun" (Deuteronomy 3:24): There is a [relevant] parable: To what is this comparable? To a king that saw an orphaned woman and sought to marry her. He sent to p...

TorahAdam & EveJobKings

Move to the Sides Before the Likeness of God

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Eikev 4

All of the commandment that I command you today (Deuteronomy 8:1): This is what the verse stated (Proverbs 7:2), "Keep My commandments and live," since David said (Psalms 17:8), "G...

TorahKing DavidPsalmsTzedakah (Charity)

Another Interpretation as These Nations That You Are About to

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Shoftim 11

Another interpretation: "As these nations that you are about to dispossess, etc. but you not like this to you" (Deuteronomy 18:14). It is speaking about Avraham, as he saw through ...

TorahCreationWarHeaven