Parshat Shemot

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The Israelites' enslavement in Egypt, the birth of Moses, Moses at the burning bush, and God's call to liberate His people. Exodus 1:1-6:1.

Moses and the Dreamer of Pharaoh

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:11

But here's the catch: he thinks they’re just popping out for a quick three-day religious retreat in the wilderness to offer sacrifices. A short vacation, essentially. He even sends...

JosephMosesTempleHoly Land

Pharaoh — Moses in Joseph's Time

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:16

It wasn't just about getting cheap labor back, oh no. According to the ancient stories, it was something far more sinister. The Legends of the Jews tells us the Egyptians weren't a...

JosephMosesWisdomHoly Land

Moses and Noah of Jethro

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:136

It’s a question that pops up again and again in Jewish tradition, and one story in particular, about Moses and his father-in-law Jethro, really brings it home. At first, Moses wasn...

Noah & FloodJosephMosesKing David

Moses Praises Aaron's Urim and Tummim in Final Blessing

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 7:36

According to Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews, Moses, in his final blessings, had some pretty powerful things to say about the Levites. He specifically calls out Aaron, prince of the...

Noah & FloodJosephMosesElijah

Jochebed and Joshua Search Desperately for Moses's Body

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 7:65

What happens when a legend disappears? When a leader, a prophet, a figure like MOSES, is simply… gone? The grief, of course, is immense. But beyond that, there's often a desperate,...

JosephMosesTorahMiracles

Their — Pharaoh in the Days of Moses

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 2:1

Midrash Tehillim, a collection of homiletic interpretations of the Psalms, offers a pretty powerful image to explain it. It starts with the question: "Why did the nations rage?" Th...

MosesDanielTorahProphecy

Pharaoh and Moses of Judah

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 106:5

We all know the story: Moses, the Israelites, the desperate flight from Egypt... But the details? Oh, the Rabbis have some thoughts. The book of Psalms (Tehillim) is a constant sou...

MosesEgyptPsalmsTribes

Why God Told Moses to Fetch Aaron Before the Torah

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 41:11

The story, as we find it in Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 41, is quite fascinating. God, ready to proclaim the Torah, tells Moses to go down to the Israelite camp. "Go down, charge the pe...

JosephMosesTorahEgypt

Pharaoh — Birth of Moses

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 48:7

The moments leading up to his birth were fraught with danger and a whole lot of divine intervention. The book of Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a fascinating text filled with stories and ...

AngelsMosesProphecyMysticism

Young Moses Defended His People from Pharaoh's Palace

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 48:9

It paints a picture of a young Moses deeply connected to his people, even while living in Pharaoh's palace. The text tells us that everyone in Pharaoh's household was involved in M...

MosesHoly LandEgypt

Why Moses Fled Egypt and Escaped to Midian

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 48:10

The Torah tells us that Moses, having fled Egypt after, well, that incident, was trying to settle into life in Midian. But trouble seemed to follow him. Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a f...

TorahMosesEgyptViolence

Death of Moses of Jethro

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 169:5

Jewish tradition certainly does. to a fascinating exploration from the Yalkut Shimoni on Torah, specifically section 169, where we uncover layers of meaning in the story of Moses a...

HeavenPatriarchsMatriarchsMoses

The Miraculous Staff Passed from Adam to Moses

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 763:12

The Yalkut Shimoni, a compilation of Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic teachings, hints at just such an idea with a fascinating take on a seemingly ordinary object: a st...

CreationMosesKing DavidTorah

Miriam Struck with Leprosy After Challenging Moses

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 105:1

Today, let’s dive into a fascinating story from the book of Bamidbar (Numbers), specifically chapter 12, verse 10, and explore the moment Miriam, Moses' sister, is struck with tzar...

JosephMosesTorahProphecy

God Warned Pharaoh He Would Beg Moses to Leave

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Exodus 11

The standard Exodus text says God promised one final plague against Egypt. The Targum Jonathan transforms this announcement into something far more personal and humiliating for Pha...

MosesAdam & EveEgyptExodus

Elazar — Aaron in the Days of Moses

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 2:20

But Midrash Rabbah, specifically Bamidbar Rabbah 2, reveals a fascinating layer of meaning beneath the surface. "The children of Israel did in accordance with everything that the L...

MosesTempleHoly LandEgypt

Moses and the Torah of Midianites

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 22:2

The text opens with God's command to Moses: "Take the vengeance of the children of Israel against the Midianites; then you will be gathered to your people" (Numbers 31:2). It seems...

MosesJobTorahHoly Land

Moses Sent Pinchas with Holy Vessels Against Midian

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 22:4

It’s a deeply human dilemma, and it appears even in the stories of our greatest leaders. to a fascinating passage from Bamidbar Rabbah, specifically section 22, to uncover just suc...

Hell/GehennaNoah & FloodMosesSolomon

Moses Wanted to See Vengeance on Midian Before He Died

Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar Rabbah 22:5

The book of Bamidbar Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Numbers, delves into Moses' burning desire to witness the vengeance against Midian before his d...

MosesKing DavidJobEgypt

Aaron — Moses Beyond the Firmament

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 5:7

It’s easy to imagine grand, sweeping transformations, but sometimes, the most profound miracles are about containing the uncontainable – about fitting more into less. That’s what o...

HeavenNoah & FloodMosesProphecy

Why God Chose Aaron as the High Priest Over Moses

Midrash Rabbah Kohelet Rabbah 1:2

to a fascinating discussion from Kohelet Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Ecclesiastes, about the appointment of Aaron as the High Priest. The Rabbis...

JosephMosesKing DavidTorah

Why Pharaoh Ordered All Newborn Boys Cast in the Nile

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:18

We all know the story of Pharaoh, the archetypal oppressor of the Israelites. But Shemot Rabbah delves into the why behind his horrific decree to cast newborn sons into the Nile (E...

Noah & FloodMosesHoly LandEgypt

How Moses Escaped Pharaoh's Executioner by a Miracle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:31

The book of Exodus tells us that Moses fled Pharaoh after killing an Egyptian who was beating a Hebrew slave (Exodus 2:15). But Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretati...

AngelsMosesSolomonEgypt

Pharaoh — Kingdom of Moses

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 3:9

In the book of Exodus, specifically (Exodus 3:19), God tells Moses, "And I know that the king of Egypt will not let you go, except by a mighty hand.” It's a pretty direct warning. ...

HeavenJosephMosesSolomon

Moses Returns to Jethro Before Going to Egypt

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 4:3

Even some of the biggest figures in Jewish history felt that way. Shemot Rabbah, a classic collection of Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic interpretations on the Book of...

MosesJobTorahProphecy

The Kiss Between Aaron and Moses in the Wilderness

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:1

The Torah touches on this very human act in some surprising ways. We find a fascinating exploration of brotherly love, and the significance of a kiss, in Shemot Rabbah, a collectio...

CreationPatriarchsMatriarchsJoseph

Moses Rides a Donkey With the Staff of God

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:5

(Exodus 4:20) tells us, "Moses took his wife and his sons, and mounted them on a donkey, and he returned to the land of Egypt. Moses took the staff of God in his hand." Simple enou...

JosephMosesTorahHoly Land

How Zipporah Saved Moses From the Angel of Death

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:8

to a strange and intense little story from Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus. It revolves around Moses, the man destined to lead the Isr...

Hell/GehennaAngelsMosesEgypt

Aaron Meets Moses at the Mountain of God

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:10

The ancient Jewish texts delve into this very idea, and one particular passage in Shemot Rabbah, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Exodus, offers a powerful i...

PatriarchsJosephMosesKing David

Moses Tells Aaron Every Word and Sign God Commanded

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 5:12

The Torah tells us, "Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord that He had sent him, and all the signs that He had charged him" (Exodus 4:28). Seems straightforward. But Shemot Ra...

MosesSolomonProphecySoul

Moses — Pharaoh and the Dreamer

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 18:3

We often read the verse in (Exodus 12:30), "As there was no house in which there was no one dead," and maybe we don't fully grasp its implications. But the ancient rabbis, in their...

JosephMosesKing DavidSolomon

Moses Raises His Staff and Splits the Sea

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 21:6

It sounds like something out of a movie, but the Rabbis grappled with this moment, and what it truly meant. The book of Exodus (14:16) tells us, "And you, raise your staff, and ext...

CreationPatriarchsMosesKing David

How Aaron Reacted When Moses Smashed the Tablets

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 37:2

We find one of those moments in the story of the Golden Calf, and how Aaron, brother of Moses, reacted to it. The scene: Moses is descending from Mount Sinai, clutching the tablets...

MosesTempleRepentanceHoly Land

Moses and Joseph of Aaron

Midrash Rabbah Shir HaShirim Rabbah 10:1

It's not just a love poem; it’s a treasure trove of wisdom, and the Rabbis of old found layers of meaning within its verses. Take the verse, “Your cheeks are lovely with ornaments,...

JosephMosesKing DavidSolomon

A Teaching Given to Moses at Sinai About Aaron's Death

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 12:2

Rabbi Yitzḥak begins with a powerful quote from Jeremiah (15:16): “Your words were revealed, and I consumed them; Your words were gladness for me and the joy of my heart because Yo...

MosesProphecyEgyptSinai

Moses's Transgression of Pharaoh

Midrash Rabbah Vayikra Rabbah 24:9

Surprisingly, the ancient Rabbis found clues in the most unexpected places – even in the words of the wicked Pharaoh himself! It's a fascinating idea, isn't it? That even through t...

CreationJosephMosesTorah

Similarly, (Exodus 3 — 6) "I am the G–d of your father, the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 1:5

The Torah lists the patriarchs in a specific order: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. In (Exodus 3:6), God introduces Himself to Moses at the burning bush as "the God of your father, the ...

PatriarchsCovenantAbrahamEgypt

And whence is it derived that they did not change their language

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 5:7

The Mekhilta identifies one of the hidden miracles of the Egyptian exile: the Israelites never abandoned the Hebrew language. Despite living for centuries among Egyptian speakers, ...

WisdomCreationEgyptExodus

Variantly — "And Yithro heard" — In the beginning, he was

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 3:5

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael preserves a fascinating tradition about the name of Jethro, Moses's father-in-law. His name was not always Jethro. In the beginning, the Torah calls h...

CreationMosesKabbalahTorah

God's Footstool

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 48

Imagine, for a moment, the backbreaking labor of the Israelites in Egypt, their cries lost in the dust and the relentless crack of the taskmasters' whips. It's a scene etched in ou...

AngelsHeavenPatriarchsMoses

Splitting the Sea in Onkelos's Translation

Midrash Aggadah Targum Onkelos, Exodus 14

The Hebrew Bible says God "hardened Pharaoh's heart" and he pursued the Israelites (Exodus 14:8). Targum Onkelos translates this without softening or explaining. The hardening stan...

MosesExodusMiracles

“It was during the days of Aḥashverosh; that [hu] - Esther Rabbah 1 — 2

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 1:2

“It was during the days of Aḥashverosh; that [hu] Aḥashverosh who reigned from India to Kush, one hundred and twenty-seven provinces” (Esther 1:1). Hu [appears] five [times] for ev...

ExilePatriarchsMosesDivine justice

The Burning Bush of Egyptian

Book of Jasher Jasher 71

We all know the story of the Exodus, the burning bush, the parting of the Red Sea. But what about the years leading up to that moment? The Book of Jasher, an ancient Hebrew text of...

AngelsNoah & FloodPatriarchsJoseph

Moses: Mount Sinai's Transgression

Book of Jasher Jasher 82

We know about Mount Sinai, the thunder, the lightning, the booming voice... but what about the days that followed?Book of Jasher and see what unfolded. The story picks up right aft...

JosephMosesTorahTemple

Pharaoh's Dream of the Scales and the Goat That Outweighed Egypt

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Chronicles of Jerahmeel XLIII

In the 130th year after the Israelites went down to Egypt, Pharaoh had a dream. Sitting on his throne, he saw an old man holding a merchant's balance scale. The old man gathered up...

AngelsPatriarchsMoses

Moses Becomes King of Cush After Fleeing Egypt

Apocrypha & Pseudepigrapha Chronicles of Jerahmeel XLIV

When Amram separated from his wife after Pharaoh's decree to drown all Hebrew boys, it was his young daughter Miriam who brought them back together. The Spirit of God came upon the...

AngelsFloodPatriarchsMoses

The Parents Of Moses

Ginzberg Vol. 2

What if the very people meant to lead us to freedom are born into the darkest of times? Times so bleak, even love itself seems impossible. That's the story of Amram and Jochebed, t...

CreationHeavenTorahPatriarchs

God Told Pharaoh His Plan to Multiply Israel Would Fail

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:14

It's a story of faith, resilience, and a battle of wills that echoes through the ages. Pharaoh, in his arrogance, sought to thwart God's promise to Abraham – the promise that his d...

PatriarchsJosephMosesEgypt