Parshat Shoftim

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Laws of judges and officers, the king, the Levitical priests, true and false prophets, cities of refuge, and warfare. Deuteronomy 16:18-21:9.

And all who help Israel, help, as it were, the Holy One

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 6:5

And all who help Israel, help, as it were, the Holy One Blessed be He, viz. (Judges 5:23) "Curse Meroz, said the angel of the L–rd. Curse bitterly its dwellers. For they came not t...

MosesProphecyAngelsDivine justice

Antoninus asked Rabbeinu Hakadosh — I want to go to Alexandria

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 6:15

Antoninus, the Roman emperor, once asked Rabbeinu HaKadosh — Rabbi Judah the Prince, the compiler of the Mishnah (the earliest code of rabbinic law) — for political counsel. "I wan...

MosesProphecyKings

Variantly — "working wonders" — He wrought wonders for us and

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:21

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael takes the phrase "working wonders" from the Song at the Sea (Exodus 15:11) and expands it far beyond the events at the Red Sea. The Torah describes Go...

MiraclesCharitySupernaturalAdam & Eve

Variantly — "working wonders" with the fathers, and destined

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 8:22

Variantly: "working wonders" with the fathers, and destined to work them with the sons, viz. (Michah 7:15) "As in the days when you went forth from the land of Egypt, I shall show ...

MosesMiraclesCharityHoly Land

) "to the habitation (neveh) of Your holiness" — in the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 9:11

The Mekhilta interprets the phrase "to the habitation of Your holiness" as a reference to the Temple in Jerusalem. God guided Israel through the wilderness in the merit of the holy...

ProphecyTempleHoly Land

) "Quaking has seized the dwellers of Plasheth" — Once the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 9:13

(Exodus, Ibid.) "Quaking has seized the dwellers of Plasheth": Once the dwellers of Plasheth heard that Israel had entered the land, they said: They have come to take revenge for t...

CovenantCharityHoly Land

Variantly — When Israel crossed the Jordan, all the kings of

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 9:23

The Mekhilta offers a variant tradition that shifts the scene from the Red Sea to the Jordan River. When Israel crossed the Jordan into the Promised Land, all the kings of Canaan b...

PrayerHoly LandKingsTribes

An analogy — Robbers enter a king's palace

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 10:9

The Mekhilta tells a parable. Robbers break into a king's palace. They despoil everything of value. They kill the king's courtiers — his loyal servants, the people who maintained h...

Divine justiceTempleKingsAdam & Eve

Elazar Hamodai says — Israel were servants to kings in Egypt

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 2:9

Rabbi Elazar Hamodai offered a surprising claim about what life was actually like for the Israelites in Egypt. Contrary to what one might expect from a nation of slaves, Israel liv...

MosesHoly LandEgyptKings

25) "Let me pass over, na and see" — "na" is a term of imploration

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:8

Moses begged God for permission to cross into the Promised Land. The word he used was "na" — a term the rabbis identified as pure imploration, the language of a person who knows th...

ProphecyTempleHoly Land

But Moses persisted in standing there and making all those

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:11

Moses would not give up. Even after God had decreed that he would not lead Israel into the Promised Land, he stood his ground and kept negotiating, trying every possible angle to g...

MosesKingsAdam & EveDivine justice

He persisted in standing before Him and making all those requests

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:12

Moses refused to accept the verdict. After God told him he could not enter the Promised Land as a king or as a commoner, he came back with yet another proposal — each one more desp...

MosesKingsAdam & EveLaw

And whence is it derived that He showed him the overturning

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 2:28

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael explores a tradition about what God revealed to Moses at the end of his life. Among the many visions granted to Moses before his death, the rabbis ask...

WisdomMosesAdam & EveProphecy

from the hand of Egypt and from the hand of Pharaoh" — from

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 3:40

The Mekhilta offers a striking interpretation of the phrase "from the hand of Egypt and from the hand of Pharaoh" (Exodus 18:10). Why does the verse mention both Egypt and Pharaoh ...

MosesProphecyEgyptKings

(Exodus 18 — 18) "You will languish" — R

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:7

Yithro warned Moses with a vivid and frightening prophecy (Exodus 18:18): "You will languish." The Hebrew word used here prompted two different interpretations from the rabbis, and...

MosesProphecyEgyptExodus

21) "And you shall see from all the people" — by prophecy

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:15

Yithro told Moses to select judges from among the people, but he specified five qualities they must possess (Exodus 18:21). R. Yehoshua explained what each qualification meant in p...

ProphecyDivine justiceJudgmentJudges

and place over them officers of thousands, officers of

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:17

Yithro's plan for restructuring Israel's judicial system was built on precise mathematics. He told Moses to appoint "officers of thousands, officers of hundreds, officers of fiftie...

Holy LandAdam & EveMosesTorah

Nathan says — Great is the covenant that was made with

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 4:30

R. Nathan made a bold comparison between two of the most important covenants in Jewish history — and declared that the covenant with an obscure desert clan was greater than the cov...

ProphecyCovenantCharity

An analogy — A man was walking on the road leading his son - Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 2 — 8

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 2:8

The Mekhilta tells a parable about a man walking along a road with his young son. At first, the father leads his child in front of him, keeping the boy in sight. But then robbers a...

WisdomSefirotKings

Variantly — "I am the L–rd your G–d" — When the Holy One

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 5:6

Variantly: "I am the L–rd your G–d": When the Holy One Blessed be He stood and said "I am the L–rd your G–d," the mountains shook and the hills quivered, and Tavor came from Be'er ...

MosesProphecyTempleCharity

An analogy — A king of flesh and blood enters a province and

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 6:2

The Mekhilta offers a parable that illuminates the logic behind the order of events at Sinai. A king of flesh and blood enters a new province. His servants immediately urge him: "M...

WisdomKingsViolenceLaw

An analogy — A king of flesh and blood enters a province

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 8:17

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael uses a vivid parable to explain why murder is equated with diminishing the divine image. The teaching compares God to a king of flesh and blood who en...

WisdomKingsViolenceHeresy

It is written "There shall not be unto you any other gods

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 8:18

Idolatry and adultery are the same sin. The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael, a 3rd-century CE halakhic midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary), makes this case by pointing to the stru...

ProphecyHoly LandCommandmentsIdolatry

It is written "You shall not take the name of the L–rd your

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 8:19

The Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael reveals a hidden connection between two of the Ten Commandments by examining their physical placement on the tablets. The commandment "You shall not t...

ProphecyCommandmentsViolence

16) "And they said to Moses — Speak, you, with us, and we

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 9:11

(Exodus, Ibid. 16) "And they said to Moses: Speak, you, with us, and we will hear, (and let G–d not speak with us, lest we die.") We are hereby apprised that they lacked the streng...

MosesProphecyRepentanceHoly Land

(Exodus 22 — 1) "If the thief be found breaking in" — This

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 13:1

(Exodus 22:1) introduces the law of the burglar: "If the thief be found breaking in." The Mekhilta clarifies what the homeowner's mental state must be. The verse describes a situat...

WisdomKingsEgyptExodus

You shall not cook" — This tells me only that cooking it is

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 5:17

"You shall not cook" — the Torah explicitly prohibits cooking meat in milk. But what about eating the cooked mixture? The verse says "cook," not "eat." Does the absence of an expli...

WisdomCommandmentsKings

Whence is (the same derived for cooking) its flesh in its

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 5:34

The Mekhilta pushes the meat-and-milk prohibition further. What about cooking an animal's flesh in its own milk? Not the mother's milk, not a sister's milk, but the milk the animal...

WisdomKingsHumorWomen of the Bible

Whence is (the same derived for cooking) the milk of goats

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 5:35

Can goat's milk be used to cook sheep's flesh? The species are different — goats and sheep — but both are domesticated livestock. The Mekhilta extends the prohibition through yet a...

TorahKingsHumorWomen of the Bible

Akiva were once walking on the road, with Levi Hasadar and R

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shabbata 1:3

R. Yishmael and R. Elazar b. Azaryah and R. Akiva were once walking on the road, with Levi Hasadar and R. Yishmael the son of R. Elazar b. Azaryah walking behind them, when this qu...

ShabbatKingsTribesHumor

Isaiah's Vision

Midrash Aggadah Isaiah 6:1-8

The prophet Isaiah did. And his vision, described in the Book of Isaiah (6:1-8), has shaped Jewish understandings of God, heaven, and the very nature of holiness for millennia. Ima...

AngelsHeavenPatriarchsAdam & Eve

Mother Zion

Midrash Aggadah Pesikta Rabbati 26:7

Jewish tradition offers a powerful, heart-wrenching image: Mother Zion. The image of Mother Zion comes from a deep well of sorrow and longing, born from the exiles and devastations...

PatriarchsAdam & EveCreaturesSoul

The Angel Who Created The World

Midrash Aggadah Kitab al-Anwar w'al-Mar'akib (Karaite)

We're talking about a figure so powerful that, according to some, it was this angel who brought everything into existence. Think of it: this angel created not just the physical wor...

CreationAngelsHeavenTorah

The Ascent Of Elijah

Midrash Aggadah 2 Kings 2:1-12

But for Elijah, the prophet, and his devoted disciple Elisha, it was reality. Our story begins as the Lord is about to take Elijah up to heaven. Elijah and Elisha are journeying fr...

DemonsHeavenAdam & EveSoul

King David Is Crowned In Heaven

Talmud Aggadah Sanhedrin 38a

The Jewish mystical tradition has some pretty answers, especially when it comes to King David. There's a wild idea that David wasn't just crowned here, but also in heaven! Accordin...

CreationAngelsDemonsHeaven

Forcing The End

Talmud Aggadah Sanhedrin 98a

Jewish tradition actually considers the possibility that certain individuals, through their spiritual potency, could actually force the coming of the Messiah. Wild. In every genera...

MessiahPatriarchsAdam & EveProphecy

The Sleeping Messiah

Midrash Aggadah Eastern European Folk Tradition (19th c.)

That's the story of two yeshiva students, eighty years ago, burning with a desire for redemption. Their hearts yearned for Jerusalem, for the chance to stand at the tomb of King Da...

MessiahAdam & EveProphecyHoly Land

Waking The Fathers

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei Mashiah in Beit ha-Midrash 3:73-74

According to Jewish tradition, it's not just about who gets in, but who gets to wake up first. Why are our patriarchs, the Avot – Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob – said to be buried in t...

CreationMessiahPatriarchsAdam & Eve

The Ingathering Of The Exiles

Talmud Aggadah Pesahim 93a

It’s a concept that has pulsed through the heart of Jewish longing for centuries: the return of all scattered Jewish communities to the Holy Land. Jewish tradition paints a breatht...

CreationHeavenTorahMoses

Abraham Walks the Path of the Blessed

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 1:11

The opening of Psalm 1, "Blessed is the man," seems simple enough, but according to Midrash Tehillim, a collection of rabbinic interpretations of the Book of Psalms, it's packed wi...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaAdam & Eve

Moses and David Foretell the Messianic Age

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 2:9

It's like a vast, intricate conversation spanning centuries. Midrash, the art of interpreting and elaborating on scripture, helps us hear those connections. And Midrash Tehillim, s...

MosesKing DavidTorahMessiah

Doeg in Heaven

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 5:8

The Book of Psalms certainly does. And the Midrash, the ancient rabbinic commentaries, dives deep into these very questions. Today, we're looking at Midrash Tehillim 5, a fascinati...

HeavenHell/GehennaMosesKing David

Kingdom of Saul of David

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 7:5

The Midrash Tehillim, a collection of Rabbinic commentaries on the Book of Psalms, grapples with just that, using Psalm 7 as a springboard to explore themes of guilt, respect, and ...

King DavidJobTorahMessiah

Kingdom of David of Saul

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 7:17

The ancient collection of rabbinic teachings called Midrash Tehillim uses a powerful analogy to describe exactly that feeling – and it centers on the life of King David. Imagine th...

CreaturesKing DavidMiracles

Habakkuk and the Lawgiver

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 7:19

It’s a question that’s plagued humanity for ages, and it’s something the ancient rabbis wrestled with too. Midrash Tehillim, a collection of rabbinic teachings on the Book of Psalm...

MosesKing DavidSolomonTorah

Shaul and the King

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 7:20

In Midrash Tehillim, a collection of rabbinic interpretations on the Book of Psalms, the text wrestles with this very idea, using the term "Cushite" as a lens to understand beauty,...

King DavidSolomonTempleJudgment

Kingdom of Hillel

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 10:5

It's a wild ride, so buckle up! The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) starts with a stark claim: "For Hillel the wicked, his own desires are his god." Whoa. Harsh. It's no...

King DavidSolomonDanielPrayer

Did Adam and Eve's Sin Echo Through All History

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 12:4

Midrash Tehillim, a collection of interpretations on the Book of Psalms, offers us a glimpse into that very question. Specifically, in Midrash Tehillim 12, we find a fascinating ba...

HeavenAdam & EveKing DavidJob