Parshat Vayera

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Three angels visit Abraham, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, the birth of Isaac, and the Binding of Isaac (the Akedah). Genesis 18:1-22:24.

The Hand of God Behind Each of the Ten Plagues

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 48:16

Not just any hand, mind you, but the hand of the Holy One, blessed be He. Rabbi Ishmael, in Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer (Chapter 48), unveils a fascinating idea: each finger on God's ri...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsMosesTorah

Wisdom of Rabbi Eliezer

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 48:17

They stretch, bend, or take on a new form entirely. It's more than just aesthetics; according to Jewish tradition, these final forms, the sofit, hold a profound secret, a key to un...

PatriarchsJosephMosesJob

How Sneezing Once Meant Instant Death Before Jacob Prayed

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 52:6

It's more than just good manners. It's a whisper echoing from a very, very old story. A story about Jacob, and a world without sickness as we know it. According to Pirkei DeRabbi E...

CreationPatriarchsJosephJob

Tracing the Patriarchs Through an Ancient Chronicle

Midrash Aggadah Seder Olam Zutta 1:2

The Seder Olam Zutta (סדר עולם זוטא), meaning "The Lesser Order of the World," is a historical chronicle believed to have been composed sometime after the completion of the better-...

PatriarchsHoly LandPassoverTime

Shem and the Ark of Peleg

Midrash Aggadah Seder Olam Zutta 3:1

It's not as well-known as its older sibling, Seder Olam Rabbah, but it offers us a peek into rabbinic understandings of history. In this particular section, the text lays out the l...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsBirthPassover

David in Exile

Midrash Aggadah Seder Olam Zutta 10:2

The Seder Olam Zutta, a lesser-known chronicle of Jewish history, offers a glimpse into this fascinating, and sometimes tragic, narrative. Our story begins in Babylonia, in a world...

PatriarchsKing DavidHoly LandDreams & Visions

Adam Sacrificed Seventy Years So David Could Live

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 41:2

There's a fascinating passage in the Yalkut Shimoni on Torah, specifically section 41, that gives us a glimpse – a truly mind-bending glimpse – into just such a conversation. It in...

AngelsAdam & EveKing DavidPrayer

Joseph and the Patriarchs of Rebbe

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 145:17

She relentlessly pursued him, but he resisted. But the Yalkut Shimoni, that incredible compilation of Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)ic interpretations, gives us a glimp...

PatriarchsJobTorahMessiah

Moses the King of Kush Before the Burning Bush

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 168:2

We know him as the liberator of the Israelites, the one who received the Torah on Mount Sinai. But what about the years before the burning bush? The Yalkut Shimoni, a compilation o...

PatriarchsRepentanceDivine NamesHoly Land

Moshe in Battle

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 168:34

This story centers around Moshe – yes, that Moses – but it's a chapter of his life you likely won't find in your typical Sunday school lesson. It begins with a war brewing between ...

PatriarchsRepentanceDivine NamesHoly Land

Kingdom of Rabi Pinchas

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 191:1

It’s a question that’s sparked debate and contemplation for millennia. According to a fascinating passage in Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 191, even the angels were curious! The text tel...

CreationAngelsJosephMessiah

Seraphim and Cherubim of Kohanim

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 39:1

What seems like a simple act is actually steeped in tradition, detail, and a whole lot of meaning. Let's unpack it. The Book of Numbers, Bamidbar in Hebrew, gives us the source for...

AngelsAdam & EveMosesTemple

Rebbi and the Heavenly Realms

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 42:3

You're not alone! Our sages grappled with these apparent inconsistencies too. The passage opens with a head-scratcher concerning the number of angels. One verse says, "Is there any...

HeavenAngelsKing DavidSolomon

Tribal Ordinances and the Wilderness

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 50:1

The Book of Numbers – in Hebrew, Bamidbar, meaning "in the wilderness" – is full of intricate details about the Tabernacle, the sacrifices, and the duties of the Levites. And withi...

SacrificeTribesPatriarchsExodus

Who Must Wear Tzitzit and Why Women Are Exempt

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 115:1

They might seem like a minor detail, but within those knotted threads lies a whole world of meaning. Today, we're diving into Sifrei Bamidbar, a collection of ancient rabbinic lega...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaAngels

Aaron and Creation of Cohanim

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 119:2

Our source today is Sifrei Bamidbar, and it unveils a remarkable array of gifts bestowed upon the Cohanim – the priests. We're talking about twelve specific offerings originating "...

CreationHeavenAngelsNoah & Flood

Ovadiah's Vision

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 133:2

Jewish tradition grapples with these questions in fascinating ways, often through the stories of our ancestors. Take the prophet Ovadiah, for instance. The book of Ovadiah opens wi...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsJosephTorah

God Shows Moses Every Corner of the Promised Land

Other Texts Sifrei Bamidbar 136:1

In Sifrei Bamidbar, a collection of legal and ethical teachings from the Book of Numbers, we find a discussion about that very moment. (Deuteronomy 34:4) tells us, "And the L-rd sa...

HeavenPatriarchsMosesTorah

Why Moses Rebuked All of Israel at the Same Time

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 1:8

Turns out, our ancestors wrestled with this question too. The Sifrei Devarim, a legal midrash on the Book of Deuteronomy, gives us a fascinating glimpse into Moses’s final address ...

CreationHeavenNoah & FloodPatriarchs

Rabbi Yehudah at the Dawn of Creation

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 1:19

The Sifrei Devarim, an ancient rabbinic commentary on the Book of Deuteronomy, often finds meaning by looking closely at the names we find in the Torah. Take, for instance, the sto...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsKing David

When the Israelites Told Moses His Blessing Wasn't Enough

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 11:1

Our ancestors apparently felt that way once, and their reaction is It all starts in Sifrei Devarim, a collection of legal and homiletical teachings connected to the Book of Deutero...

CreationPatriarchsMosesPrayer

Gamliel — Rabbi Shimon at the Dawn of Creation

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 25:4

But where do we draw the line? When is it just a colorful way of speaking, and when is it a promise we can truly count on? In Sifrei Devarim, a collection of legal interpretations ...

CreationHeavenPatriarchsTorah

David's Legacy of Solomon

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 27:3

This idea of "servant" comes up in Sifrei Devarim, that's the book of Deuteronomy, and it got me thinking. The verse we're looking at is (Deuteronomy 3:24), where Moses is pleading...

PatriarchsMosesKing DavidSolomon

Ezekiel's Legacy

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 31:3

It's an old, old story. And it seems it was happening even in the time of the prophet Ezekiel. to a fascinating passage from Sifrei Devarim 31, which brings us a discussion about i...

PatriarchsTorahTempleProphecy

Renewing the Commandments and Defeating the Evil Impulse

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 33:4

It tells us that the commandments shouldn't feel like an antiquated edict, something ignored and forgotten. Instead, they should feel brand new, urgent, something everyone rushes t...

CreationHeavenAdam & EvePatriarchs

Gerar and the Patriarchs

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 38:8

It's almost as if they're walking magnets for blessings. Well, Jewish tradition actually speaks to this phenomenon directly, suggesting that the presence of the righteous is a cata...

PatriarchsJosephMosesPrayer

Moses — Rabbi Shimon and the Heavenly Realms

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 306:36

It’s a question that’s been pondered for centuries, and one little verse in Devarim (Deuteronomy) offers a fascinating glimpse into the reverence the ancients held for the unspeaka...

HeavenAngelsMosesProphecy

Daniel at the Dawn of Creation

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 306:37

The unpronounceable, the sacred Yod-Keh-Vav-Keh (יהוה), often referred to as the Tetragrammaton. It's a name so holy, so powerful, that we traditionally don't say it aloud. So, wha...

CreationHeavenAngelsJoseph

The Seventy Elders Who Saw God on Mount Sinai

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 311:1

But what about everyone else? Well, Sifrei Devarim 311 sheds some light. It interprets the verse about consulting "your elders, and they shall say it to you" (Deuteronomy 32:7) as ...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsJosephMoses

Jacob and the Patriarchs of Yehoshua

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 322:9

The ancient sages noticed this human tendency, too, and they saw it reflected in the relationship between Israel and the other nations. Sifrei Devarim, a legal midrash on the Book ...

PatriarchsJosephSolomonTorah

Timna and the Patriarchs

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 336:1

Because according to the Sifrei Devarim, a collection of legal midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary)im on the Book of Deuteronomy, absolutely nothing in the Torah is empty or ...

PatriarchsTorahMessiah

The Levites Kept the Covenant When Others Did Not

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 351:1

Our ancestors wrestled with these questions, and their answers, preserved in ancient texts, still resonate today. to a fascinating passage from Sifrei Devarim, a collection of earl...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsJosephTorah

Jacob's Promise That God Will Return You to Your Land

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 356:9

And while definitive answers might elude us, Jewish tradition offers tantalizing hints and comforting assurances. Our exploration begins in Sifrei Devarim, a collection of legal an...

PatriarchsMosesKing DavidMessiah

Esav Among the Fathers

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 357:1

It’s a timeless human experience, and it’s something the ancient rabbis wrestled with too. In the book of Sifrei Devarim, a collection of early rabbinic legal interpretations on th...

PatriarchsJosephMosesSolomon

Avot DeRabbi Natan 37

Midrash Aggadah Avot DeRabbi Natan 37

There are seven creations [in the universe] in ascending degrees of importance. High above everything God created the firmament. Above1i.e. of greater importance and usefulness. th...

JudgmentAngelsWisdomAdam & Eve

Rachel Warned Jacob That Laban Was a Trickster

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 29

Genesis 29 tells the story of Jacob arriving in Haran, meeting Rachel at a well, and being deceived by Laban into marrying Leah first. The Targum Jonathan injects dialogue, backsto...

HolidaysJacobPatriarchsHumor

Rachel Stole a Talking Severed Head from Her Father

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 31

The standard Bible tells you Rachel stole her father's household gods when Jacob fled Laban's house. The Targum Jonathan, an ancient Aramaic translation from roughly the 1st-2nd ce...

Dreams & VisionsCovenantPatriarchsJacob

Why Esau's Teeth Hurt When He Kissed Jacob

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 33

When Esau and Jacob finally reunited after twenty years of separation, the Bible says Esau ran to his brother, embraced him, kissed him, and they wept (Genesis 33:4). It sounds lik...

PatriarchsMatriarchsJacobJoseph

Simeon and Levi's Brutal Defense of Dinah

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 34

The story of Dinah in Genesis 34 is already one of the most violent chapters in the Torah. The Targum Jonathan, the ancient Aramaic translation, does not soften it. Instead, it sha...

CovenantWomen of the BibleTribesSimeon

Why Esau Left Canaan Out of Fear of Jacob

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 36

The standard Genesis 36 reads like a dry census of Esau's descendants. But the Targum Jonathan, the ancient Aramaic interpretive translation, quietly inserts theological details th...

PatriarchsJacobWomen of the BibleKings

The Angel Gabriel Led Joseph to His Brothers

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 37

Joseph's sale into slavery is one of the most dramatic episodes in Genesis. But the Targum Jonathan adds details that the Hebrew original never mentions, turning a family tragedy i...

DeathDreams & VisionsJosephAngels

Joseph Showed Jacob a Marriage Contract to Prove His Sons Were Jewish

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Genesis 48

The Torah's account of Jacob blessing Joseph's sons is already dramatic—the old patriarch crossing his hands to favor the younger son over the firstborn. But Targum Jonathan adds l...

JosephWomen of the BiblePatriarchsJacob

Moses Saw the Knot of God's Tefillin from Behind

Midrash Aggadah Targum Jonathan on Exodus 33

After the golden calf, God told Moses something devastating in (Exodus 33:1-23). The Shekinah (the Divine Presence) would not travel with Israel anymore. The Targum Jonathan turns ...

MosesPatriarchsPrayerSin

Pesikta Rabbati 27

Midrash Aggadah Pesikta Rabbati 27

The angels said before the Holy One, ‘Master of the World! Isn’t this Jerusalem?!’ as it is said “This is Jerusalem; in the midst of the nations I have placed her…” (Yechezkel 5:5)...

Holy LandTribesAngelsJerusalem

Yalkut Shimoni 119

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 119

and he lay down in that place – R’ Yehudah says ‘here he lay down, but all fourteen years that he was hidden away in the land serving Ever he never laid down.’ R’ Nechemia says ‘he...

TorahAdam & EvePatriarchsPsalms

Yalkut Shimoni 168

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 168

En esos tiempos hubo una guerra entre Kush y los Bnei Kedem. Salió Konkos Rey de Kush a la guerra contra Aram y los Bnei Kedem, dejando a Bilam -que es Laban el Arameo de Petor- el...

TorahPatriarchsJacobHeresy

Yalkut Shimoni 190

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 190

"This month shall be for you." It shall be turned over to you. R. Yehoshua b. Levi said, "It's like a king who had a horologue. When he looked at it, he would know what time of day...

HolidaysAngelsLaw

Yalkut Shimoni 191

Midrash Aggadah Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 191

Rabi Pinchas and Rabi Chilkiyah said in the name of Rabi Simon: the ministering angels gathered to Hashem and said before Him: Master of the world, when is the beginning of the yea...

Divine NamesLightHolidaysHumor