Do Not Eat the Passover Raw or Boiled but Only Roasted

Mekhilta DeRabbi Shimon Ben Yochai 12:9

"Do not eat any of it raw" (Exodus 12:9): "raw" means only that it is not cooked as much as needed. One might think it is permitted to eat it raw; the verse says "roasted with fire": roasted is permitted to you, and all the rest is forbidden to you. It says "do not eat any of it raw, but only roasted with fire." If it were only so, I would say one might think it is permitted to eat it raw; the verse says "do not eat any of it raw." So if one ate any of it raw, he receives the forty lashes. One might think that just as it is forbidden to eat it raw, so if it is fully cooked it is forbidden; the verse says "boiled in water": boiled in water is forbidden to you, but if it is fully cooked otherwise it is not forbidden to you. "In water" (Exodus 12:9): I would know only water. From where to include wine, oil, and honey? The verse says "and thoroughly boiled": wherever Scripture says "boiled" without specifying, you take it to mean as opposed to roasted, until Scripture spells out "in water" for you. From here Rabbi Yoshiyah used to say: one who vows away from "boiled" food is forbidden roasted food too. If he boiled it and afterward roasted it, or roasted it and afterward boiled it, it is forbidden, since it says "and thoroughly boiled." One might think that if he ate any of it before nightfall he is liable. Is this a matter of logic? If at the hour when roasting is required it falls under "do not eat it raw," then at the hour when roasting is not yet required it surely should fall under "do not eat it raw"; the verse says "but only roasted with fire": at the hour when roasting is required, they are liable for it under "raw" and "boiled," but at the hour when roasting is not yet required, they are not liable for it under "raw" and "boiled." "But only roasted with fire, its head with its legs and its inner parts" (Exodus 12:9): he would bring its head, its legs, and its entrails inside it. These are the words of Rabbi Yose the Galilean. Rabbi Akiva said to him: but then they too would be scorched and cooked by what is inside it; rather, one hangs them outside it. Rabbi Yishmael calls it a crowned kid. Rabbi Tarfon calls it tukhbar, because its inside is like its outside.

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