Rabbi Nehunya Made Yom Kippur Like the Sabbath

Yalkut Shimoni on Torah 336:3

Another interpretation: "life for life" -- he pays a life in place of a life, but he does not pay a life and money in place of a life. Rabbi [Judah the Prince] says: "then you shall give life for life" -- money. Or is it nothing other than [literal] death? You must reason thus: it says here "shall lay" and it says elsewhere "shall lay," just as there it means money, so too here it means money. It was taught: Rabbi Nehunya ben HaKanah used to treat the Day of Atonement like the Sabbath [regarding liability]: just as on the Sabbath one is liable with his life and exempt from payments, so too on the Day of Atonement one is liable with his life and exempt from payments. What is Rabbi Nehunya ben HaKanah's reason? Abaye said: "harm" is stated regarding [death] at the hands of Heaven and "harm" is stated regarding [death] at the hands of man; just as the harm stated at the hands of man exempts from payment, so too the harm stated at the hands of Heaven exempts from payment. And Jacob warned about all matters -- about the cold, about traps, about the lion, and about thieves. Rava said: Rabbi Nehunya ben HaKanah's reason is from here: "and if the people of the land do at all hide their eyes... then I will set my face against that man" (Leviticus 20:4-5). The Torah said: My excision (karet) is like your death; just as your death exempts from payment, so too My excision exempts from payment.

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