5 min read

Balaam Was the Last Prophet That God Gave the Nations

A Midianite priest once let a fugitive water his flocks and marry his daughter. From the cliffs of Peor, Balaam named that man's family first.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. God Is Not a Man
  2. What He Saw From the Cliff
  3. The Girls Who Came Early to the Troughs
  4. The Debt Ran Both Directions
  5. Nothing Came After That

Balaam stood on the bare top of Peor with Balak beside him and the tents of Israel spread out under them in the valley, and he opened his mouth to curse, and something else came out.

Balaam Was the Last Prophet That God Gave the Nations Click for full size

It came out loud. God had put a carrying power into that voice, and the words did not stop at the edge of Moab. Farmers in countries that had never heard of Israel straightened up in their fields. Sailors heard it. Every inhabited place on the earth got the same sentence at the same moment, delivered by a man who had been paid to say the opposite.

God Is Not a Man

What the world heard first was a boundary.

God is not a man, Balaam said, and the man who passes himself off as a god is lying. And the one who tells you he will vanish for a while and then come back is promising you something he cannot deliver. Woe to the nation that listens to him.

Balak had hired a curse and was getting a public warning against imposters instead, broadcast to every kingdom that might one day produce one. There is no record of what his face did.

What He Saw From the Cliff

Then the sweep opened out and Balaam stopped being able to stop.

He saw David, centuries off, and the wars of his reign. He went further, out past every reign, to the last days, and watched the nations come apart. Rome. All of them. Israel standing at the end of it.

All of them but one family.

The descendants of a Midianite priest would be spared, Balaam said. They would be inside Israel's joys and inside Israel's griefs, counted in. And the Kenites, the sons of Jonadab, would be the ones to bring the news of the Messiah to Israel, the first up the road with offerings for the Temple, the first to stand in Jerusalem and announce that the city was free.

Balaam had been brought to Moab to break Israel. From the highest ground in the country he named the exact clan that would greet Israel's redemption, and the clan was his own neighbors.

The Girls Who Came Early to the Troughs

The priest in question had been an idol man once. Seven names got attached to him over a lifetime and each one marks a stage: Jether, because the Torah carries an extra section on his account. Jethro, because he ran over with good deeds. Hobab, the beloved. Reuel, the friend. Heber, the associate. Putiel, the one who walked away from idols. Keni, the one who was zealous and who bought the Torah with his life.

The town did not forgive him for the last three.

His daughters had to work around it. They would get to the wells before anyone else, in the grey before the shepherds came out, and haul water up hand over hand until the troughs were full. It never worked. The shepherds would arrive, drive the girls off, and water their own flocks out of the troughs the girls had just filled. Then the girls would go home.

One morning a man nobody knew was sitting by that well. He had killed an Egyptian and run for his life and had nothing at all. He got up and drove the shepherds off and watered the flocks himself, and Jethro took him in, and Moses married Zipporah, and the man who would take Israel out of Egypt spent forty years keeping a Midianite's sheep.

The Debt Ran Both Directions

That is the family Balaam named from the cliff.

The water at the trough came back as a place in the redemption. A stranger got fed and housed by a man his own town had turned on, and generations later the descendants of that man are the advance party at the rebuilt Temple, coming up out of the wilderness with gifts while everyone else is still working out what has happened.

Balaam had spent his working life trying to bury Israel. His last act as a prophet was to hand the honor of announcing Israel's rescue to the household that had once given Israel's rescuer a drink.

Nothing Came After That

Then it stopped.

The prophetic spirit went out of Balaam on that hilltop and did not come back. He came down off Peor an ordinary man with a reputation, went to Moab and then to Midian, and turned to the only trade he had left, which was selling advice on how to hurt Israel by other means.

Moses had asked, once, that prophecy belong to Israel and to no one else. God had held the request open. On the cliff at Peor He granted it, and the way He granted it was by not replacing Balaam. No prophet was ever given to the nations again. The last thing the last one of them said was where to stand when the Messiah comes, and the address he gave was a tent camp in the wilderness of Judah, downwind of the sheep.


← All myths

From the tradition

Sources

2 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews 6:52Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Balaam's voice carried to the ends of the earth, one voice, heard by everyone. Why? Because God knew that one day, someone would come along claiming to be a god, leading many astray.

God, in His wisdom, amplified Balaam's pronouncements to serve as a warning. Balaam declared, "God is not a man, and the man that passeth himself for God lieth." It's a pretty direct condemnation. And he didn't stop there. He went on to say that anyone who claims they will disappear and then reappear is making a promise they can't keep. According to Balaam's prophecy, woe to the nation that listens to such a person!

Balaam's vision extended beyond this warning. He also foresaw events surrounding King David's reign. And, even more dramatically, he spoke of the end of days, the acharit hayamim, and the time of the Messiah. He prophesied that Rome, and indeed all other nations, would be destroyed by Israel… with one notable exception.

The descendants of Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, would be spared. They would participate in Israel's joys and sorrows. It's a fascinating detail, highlighting the importance of those who choose to align themselves with the righteous.

And get this: Balaam even specified that the Kenites, descendants of Jethro, specifically the sons of Jonadab, would be the ones to announce the arrival of the Messiah to Israel! They would be the first to bring offerings at the Temple and proclaim Jerusalem's deliverance. What a powerful image!

This, according to the Legends of the Jews, was Balaam's final prophecy. After this, the prophetic spirit departed from him. And here's where it gets even more significant for us: God granted Moses' wish to reserve the gift of prophecy as a special distinction for the Jewish people. Balaam, in effect, became the last prophet of the nations.

So, what does this all mean? It's a reminder that while others may receive glimpses, the true path to understanding God's will, the ongoing legacy of prophecy, rests within the covenant between God and Israel. A reminder of our unique role, and a challenge to live up to the responsibility that comes with it.

Full source
Legends of the Jews 4:119Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

The story of Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, is one such transformation. It’s so profound, in fact, that it's reflected in his very names.

The Midrash (rabbinic interpretive commentary) tells us that Jethro wasn’t just called Jethro. He had seven names, each hinting at a stage in his spiritual journey. Each name seems to capture a facet of his evolving character. He was called Jether, because the Torah contains an “additional” section about him – evidence of his importance and contribution. Then there’s Jethro, meaning he "overflowed" with good deeds, a sign of his dedication to a righteous life.

The story doesn't stop there. He was also known as Hobab, "the beloved son of God," suggesting a deep connection with the divine. Reuel, "the friend of God," shows his intimate relationship with the Almighty. Then there's Heber, "the associate of God," which speaks to his close partnership with the divine will. Putiel, meaning "he that hath renounced idolatry," marks a pivotal turning point – his rejection of his past beliefs. And finally, Keni, signifying that he was "zealous" for God and "acquired" the Torah. What a journey! It's all right there in the names.

Let's What is it about wells in the Torah that makes them meeting places?

According to the ancient texts, Jethro's daughters faced constant harassment. Because of Jethro's..complicated relationship with the townsfolk (being a former priest of idols probably didn't help!), his daughters had to arrive at the watering troughs before everyone else to avoid trouble. But even then, the shepherds would often drive them away and water their own flocks using the water the maidens had painstakingly drawn.

Enter Moses.

When Moses arrived in Midian, he, like Isaac and Jacob before him, found himself at a well. These crucial encounters at wells. As we read in Genesis, Rebekah was chosen by Eliezer as the wife of Isaac while she was busy drawing water (Genesis 24). Jacob first saw Rachel while she was watering her sheep, as recounted in Genesis 29. And it was at this well in Midian that Moses met his future wife, Zipporah.

What is it about these wells? Are they just convenient gathering places? Or do they symbolize something deeper? Perhaps they represent sources of life, both physical and spiritual. Maybe they are places of encounter, where destinies are intertwined and lives are forever changed. Whatever the reason, the well in Midian certainly marked a turning point, not only for Moses, but also for Jethro and his family, setting the stage for the giving of the Torah and the birth of a nation.

Full source