7 min read

Naphtali Saw Levi Ride the Sun and a Ship Run Aground

They would not believe he was dying. Naphtali told them Levi rode the sun, and a ship with no sailors ran onto a rock.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The Last Banquet
  2. Do Not Join Joseph
  3. Levi Rode the Sun
  4. The Ship Ran Aground
  5. He Died as He Had Said

Naphtali was one hundred and thirty-two years old when he called his children to a table. He fed them. He drank with them. He watched their faces by lamplight and knew this was the last evening he would share a meal on the earth.

Naphtali Saw Levi Ride the Sun and a Ship Run Aground Click for full size

When morning came he told them so. They would not believe him. He praised God anyway, thanked heaven that he had known his last night at table for what it was, and then he spoke.

The Last Banquet

He left them no inventory of silver, no parcel of land, no list of holdings. What he left them was a commandment he called the easiest thing in the world.

"Fear God," he said. "Serve Him. Follow Him."

His sons pushed back at once. Why does God need our service? What does the Maker of heaven and earth lack that we could supply? Naphtali answered without a pause. God needs nothing from any creature. Every creature needs Him. He did not make the world from want. He made it so that human beings would know their need of Him and of each other, and so that none of them would do to a neighbor what they would not want done to themselves.

Then the sons asked the question that always comes when a father starts warning. Have you seen us stray, to the right or to the left? He said God was his witness, and he was theirs: they had not strayed. The dread in him was not for the room. It was for the years after the room went empty.

Do Not Join Joseph

"I fear future times," he said. "You may leave the ways of the Lord and walk in the statutes of the nations, and join yourselves to the sons of Joseph instead of the sons of Levi and Judah."

They asked him why he would command such a thing. He told them he knew Joseph's line would turn, and that the turning would drag the rest of Israel after it, off the beautiful land into a land that was not theirs. Joseph had once brought the Egyptian bondage down on them. The old pattern still had teeth.

He had lived, he said, without a sin he could name. Save his wife, he had known no woman. He had not lifted his eyes. He had drunk no wine that might lead him aside. Guile had no place in his heart. Lies did not pass his lips. He had sighed with the heavy-laden and given his bread to the poor. He had loved God with all his might, and mankind also. Do likewise, he told them, and the spirits of Beliar will flee, and wild beasts will have no power, because the Lord of heaven will be with you.

Levi Rode the Sun

Then he told the visions. He had seen the first while he was still a shepherd of flocks, his brothers pasturing beside him.

Jacob came and said, "Up, my sons, each one take what he can in my presence." They answered that they saw nothing but the sun, the moon, and the stars. "These shall ye take," their father said.

Levi snatched up an ox-goad, sprang to the sun, sat on him, and rode. Judah jumped to the moon and rode her. The other nine each took a star or a planet. Joseph stayed on the earth. Jacob asked why. Joseph said, "What right have men born of woman to be in the heavens, seeing that in the end they must stay on earth?"

A tall steer appeared, with pinions like a stork's wings and horns long as a reem's. Jacob told Joseph to mount. Joseph rode, galloping and then flying, until he reached Judah. He unfolded a standard and began to beat his brother. Judah had twelve rods in his hand. Joseph had one. Give me yours, Joseph said, and peace will hold. Judah refused. Joseph beat him until ten rods dropped and two remained. Then Joseph called the brothers to leave Judah and follow him. They did, all but Benjamin, who stayed true. Levi came down from the sun, grieved. A storm broke toward the end of the day and scattered them, so that no two stood together.

When Naphtali told that vision to Jacob, the old man said it was only a dream, and a dream could neither help nor harm.

The Ship Ran Aground

A short while later the second vision came. The twelve stood with their father at the shore of the sea. A ship appeared in the midst of the water, with no sailors and no crew. Jacob asked if they saw what he saw. They did. He took off his clothes and sprang into the sea, and they sprang after him.

Levi and Judah were first to scale the side. Their father cried to them to read the mast. Every ship bears the owner's name there. They read, "This ship and all the treasures therein belong unto the son of Barachel." Jacob thanked God for blessing him on sea as on land. He told them to stretch out their hands. Levi caught the big mast. Judah took the second. The others took oars, except Joseph. Jacob seized the two rudders to guide the ship. He bade Joseph take an oar. Joseph refused. Jacob gave him a rudder instead.

Then Jacob disappeared. Joseph took the second rudder too. For a time Judah and Joseph acted in harmony, and Judah kept Joseph informed of the course. Then a quarrel broke. Joseph would not steer the way his father had commanded. Judah tried to correct him. The vessel wrecked upon a rock. Levi and Judah came down from the masts. The rest escaped to shore.

Jacob appeared and found them scattered. They told him Joseph had run the ship aground out of jealousy of Judah and Levi. Jacob asked for the spot. Only the masts showed above the water. He whistled them together, swam out, and raised the vessel. "My son," he said to Joseph, "never do that again. Never let jealousy of thy brethren master thee. Nearly it happened that all thy brethren perished because of thee."

He Died as He Had Said

When Naphtali told Jacob this second vision, the old man clasped his hands. Tears ran. "For that the vision was doubled unto thee twice, I am dismayed," Jacob said. "I shudder for my son Joseph. I loved him more than all of you, but by reason of his perverseness ye will be carried into captivity and scattered among the nations. Thy first and thy second vision had the same meaning. The vision is one."

So Naphtali commanded his children not to join Joseph's sons, but to join Levi and Judah. His own inheritance, he said, would be of the best of the land, the middle of the earth. They would eat and be satisfied. He warned them not to kick in that plenty, not to forget the God Abraham had chosen.

He had no curse in him on that last morning. He blessed them from a clean place. Then he died, just as he had said he would, with the wrecked ship still in their ears and the sun Levi had ridden still hanging over the table.


← All myths

From the tradition

Sources

2 sources

The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Legends of the Jews, II. The Sons Of Jacob, Naphtali's Dreams Of The Division Of The TribesLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Project Gutenberg eBook #1494, The Legends of the Jews, Volume 2 · Public Domain

Compiled by Ginzberg, in his 132nd year, Naphtali invited his children to a banquet. The next morning, he announced his impending death, which they, of course, disbelieved. But Naphtali insisted, praising God and reaffirming his time was near, marked by the banquet he had shared with them. Then came his final address, his tzava’ah, or ethical will, to his children.

Naphtali begins by recounting his birth. "I was born of Bilhah," he says, "and because Rachel had acted with cunning, and had given Jacob Bilhah instead of herself, I was called Naphtali." He recalls Rachel's love for him, as he was born on her knees. She wished for a brother from her own body who would resemble him. This, he says, is why Joseph resembled him so greatly, answering Rachel’s prayer. Naphtali also shares details about his mother, Bilhah, daughter of Rotheus, and her connection to Rebekah’s nurse, Deborah. Rotheus, a God-fearing Chaldean, was captured and later married to Laban’s slave, Aina.

He reflects on his own life, "I was fleet of foot like a deer," he says, "and my father Jacob appointed me to be his messenger, and in his blessing he called me a hind let loose." He then explores a profound theological point. "As the potter knows the vessel he fashions, how much it is to hold, and uses clay accordingly, so the Lord makes the body in conformity with the soul." This idea, echoing throughout Jewish thought, suggests a divine plan, a harmonious agreement between body and soul. And this is all "by weight, and measure, and rule."

Naphtali urges his children to live well-ordered lives in the fear of God, avoiding ill-regulated or untimely actions. He instructs them not to focus on material possessions, but on serving God and following His ways. When his sons ask why God requires their service, Naphtali replies that God needs no creature, but all creatures need Him. "Nevertheless He hath not created the world for naught, but that men should fear Him, and none should do unto his neighbor what he would not have others do unto him." Sound familiar? It's a beautiful articulation of the Golden Rule.

But then, Naphtali expresses a deep concern for the future. He fears that his descendants may stray from the path of God, following idols and joining with the sons of Joseph instead of the sons of Levi and Judah. Why this warning? Because, he says, "I know that the sons of Joseph will one day turn recreant to the Lord..and it is they that will lead the sons of Israel into sin."

To illustrate his fears, Naphtali recounts two vivid dreams.

The first dream involves his brothers pasturing herds together. Their father, Jacob, instructs them to take what they can in his presence. When they see only the sun, moon, and stars, Jacob tells them to take those. Levi and Judah mount the sun and moon, respectively, while the other tribes ride stars. Joseph, however, remains on Earth, questioning humanity's place in the heavens. A steer with wings appears, and Joseph rides it, eventually attacking Judah and demanding his rods of leadership.

The second dream takes place at the seashore. A ship appears without a crew, and Jacob leads his sons into the sea to board it. Levi and Judah seize the masts, while the others take oars. Joseph, initially refusing, eventually takes a rudder. Harmony reigns until a quarrel erupts between Judah and Joseph, leading to the ship's destruction. Jacob reappears, lamenting Joseph's jealousy and its near-fatal consequences for his brothers.

According to Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews, Jacob dismisses the first dream as harmless, but the doubled nature of the vision alarms him, foreshadowing the future captivity and scattering of Joseph's descendants due to his "perverseness." Therefore, Naphtali commands his sons to align themselves with Levi and Judah, whose tribes will carry the torch of religious leadership and observance.

Therefore, Naphtali implores his sons to remember God, "whom your father Abraham chose when the families of the earth were divided in the days of Peleg." He reminds them of God's power, evident in the creation of man, from head to foot, each organ performing its unique function. This intricate design, he argues, should inspire awe and gratitude.

Naphtali concludes by enjoining his children to carry his remains to Hebron, to be buried near his fathers. He then eats and drinks with rejoicing, covers his face, and dies. And his sons, as any good children would, carried out their father’s final wishes.

Naphtali’s story is a poignant reminder of the importance of faith, family, and ethical conduct. His dreams, though cryptic, reveal deep anxieties about the future of his people and the potential for division. It’s a powerful message, resonating even today, about the need for unity, humility, and unwavering devotion to the divine. What do you think, can Naphtali’s dreams and his deathbed exhortations still teach us something profound about our own lives and the legacy we leave behind?

Full source
Legends of the Jews 2:44Legends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

Naphtali, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, is on his deathbed, surrounded by his family. And what he says is “I am one hundred and twenty-two years old," he proclaims, "and I can discern no sin in myself. Save my wife, I have known no woman. I was guilty of no unchastity through the lifting up of eyes.” No sin. At all. He continues, laying out the principles that guided his life, principles he hopes his children will embrace.

"I drank no wine, that I might not be led astray," Naphtali explains. "I did not covet what belonged to my neighbor, guile had no place in my heart, lies did not pass my lips."

These aren't just empty words. Naphtali is presenting a model of ethical living, focused on self-control, honesty, and contentment. He avoided temptations that could lead him astray, guarding his thoughts and actions with vigilance.

It's more than just personal rectitude. Naphtali’s righteousness extends outward, encompassing compassion and love for others. "I sighed along with all that were heavy-laden, and to the poor I gave my bread." He felt the pain of others and actively sought to alleviate their suffering. He embodied the principle of tzedakah (righteousness/charity), not just as an obligation, but as an expression of genuine empathy.

And finally, the most important part: “I loved the Lord with all my might, and mankind I also loved.” This is the core of his being, the very foundation upon which his virtuous life was built. Love for God and love for humanity – inseparable, intertwined.

So, what’s the result of such a life? Naphtali believes it offers protection from the forces of evil. "Do ye likewise, my children," he urges, "and all the spirits of Beliar will flee from you, no deed done by the wicked will have power over you, and ye will vanquish all the wild beasts, for ye have with you the Lord of heaven."

Beliar, in this context, represents the embodiment of evil, a figure often associated with the demon. Naphtali is saying that by following his example, his children can shield themselves from malevolence. More than that, they will have the strength to overcome any adversity, because they will have the support of God.

Naphtali’s final words are more than just a father’s advice; they’re evidence of the power of righteous living. A life dedicated to God, compassion, and integrity isn’t just virtuous – it’s a force field against the darkness. It is a powerful message to us, even today.

What if we all strove for that kind of purity, that kind of unwavering dedication to good? What kind of world could we create?

Full source