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Three Men Who Stole Time From the Angel of Death

A rabbi burned death's scroll, Jacob stripped himself to survive, and Abraham made the angel weep. The doomed do not always die on schedule.

Curated by Arthur · Told by Maggid ·
Table of Contents
  1. The List in the Synagogue
  2. The Scroll Fed to the Fire
  3. The Boy Who Understood the Arithmetic of Poverty
  4. The Man Who Made the Angel Weep
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The List in the Synagogue

It was the eve of the High Holy Days in Prague, late at night, and Rabbi Loew noticed a light burning in the synagogue when the synagogue should have been dark. He went in. At the pulpit stood a figure sharpening a knife over a long scroll, and the scroll was covered in names. They were the names of everyone in the community marked to die in the coming plague.

The Scroll Fed to the Fire

Most men would have run. Rabbi Loew, whom legend credits with shaping the Golem from river clay, did the opposite. He lunged forward, tore the scroll from the hands of the angel, and ran home, where he fed it to the fire and watched every name curl to ash. The plague that followed was a shadow of what it should have been. Only those whose names survived on a charred scrap died. And even those deaths, Rabbi Loew decided, were acceptable, because a man who can look the angel of death in the face and take his paperwork away from him has not lost the encounter. He has only lost the final round.

The same hand reaches for the same scroll across the centuries. Again and again, the doomed do not die on the appointed day. They argue, they run, they burn the paperwork. Three of them did it better than anyone.

The Boy Who Understood the Arithmetic of Poverty

The second man who stole time from death was not a rabbi and not a giant. He was Jacob, fleeing his brother on a road outside Shechem, when a thirteen-year-old with a sword rode out of the trees with orders to kill him.

Eliphaz, son of Esau, had strict instructions. Find Jacob. Kill him. Take everything. He was a grandson of Abraham and he had absorbed enough of that household's training to feel the weight of what he was being asked to do. He had not yet done anything irreversible. Jacob saw this, and Jacob, who had always understood negotiation better than combat, made an offer.

If you take everything I have and leave me with nothing, Jacob said, you have accomplished your father's purpose. The Talmud taught what Jacob already knew: a poor man is considered as if dead. Strip me completely and I am, legally and morally, a dead man. You will have satisfied the terms of your father's order without shedding blood, and you will have kept your own hands clean.

Eliphaz took the deal. He stripped Jacob of everything, left him standing in the road with nothing, and rode back to his father. Jacob survived on a technicality that he had invented on the spot, which is the most Jewish possible way to survive.

The Man Who Made the Angel Weep

The third story is the oldest and the strangest. It does not appear in the canonical text but in the accumulated memory of a tradition that spent centuries imagining how Abraham faced the moment of his death.

When the Angel of Death came for Abraham, he came the way he always came: announced, expecting compliance. He had taken every other man and woman in the world. No one had ever turned him away for long. He arrived at Abraham's tent and stated his business.

Abraham asked to see himself, to look at the glory of the angel's face. The angel showed him. What Abraham saw was so overwhelmingly beautiful and so suffused with the light of all the lives the angel had collected that Abraham began to weep. He wept for the souls. He wept for the beauty turned to service. He wept out of something that was not fear but was deeper than fear, a grief for the shape of what mortality required.

And the Angel of Death, who had never encountered anyone who responded to his appearance with compassion for him, wept back. The two of them stood there, patriarch and angel, weeping together, until the business at hand became almost beside the point. Death came. Abraham went. But the angel left with something he had not carried before, the specific weight of having been seen and mourned by the man he had come to collect.


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The texts behind this telling. Some cards carry a translation of the source; others are our own retelling of it, and each card says which. Every card links out to the original.

Die Legenden der JudenLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews by Louis Ginzberg (1909) · Public Domain

It's a concept that's woven deep into Jewish lore, appearing in various forms throughout our sacred texts and stories.

One particularly compelling tale features Rabbi Loew, the legendary Maharal of Prague, known for his wisdom and, according to some, his creation of the Golem. This story, recounted in Howard Schwartz's Tree of Souls, paints a vivid picture of a confrontation with death itself.

It's the eve of the High Holy Days, a time of reflection and repentance. Rabbi Loew, walking late at night, notices a light in the synagogue. Curiosity piqued, he investigates, only to find a terrifying figure standing at the pulpit. It's the Angel of Death, sharpening a knife over a long scroll filled with names. Names of those destined to die in the coming plague.

He's pierced with fear, but he doesn't run. Instead, he acts. With incredible courage, he snatches the scroll from the angel's grasp and races home, where he throws it into the fire, watching as every scrap of it burns to ashes.

His actions have consequences. The plague is lessened; only those whose names remained on a fragment of the list succumb. But among those names is Rabbi Loew's own. He knew that the Angel of Death, enraged, would seek revenge.

Rabbi Loew, gifted with the ability to foresee the future, knew what was coming. He emulated King David, a figure who also famously evaded death by immersing himself in Torah study, as told in the Talmud (B. Shab. 30a-b). For the Angel of Death, it's said, cannot touch a soul dedicated to the study of Torah.

But the Angel of Death is cunning. He doesn't give up easily. He finds a way, a loophole, hiding himself within a beautiful rose in the garden of Rabbi Loew's grandson. One day, the boy innocently picks the rose as a gift for his grandfather. Rabbi Loew sees the danger, the darkness lurking within the bloom.

He's faced with an impossible choice: refuse the gift and endanger his grandson, or accept it and face his own demise. Without hesitation, he chooses the latter. As he takes the rose, the Angel of Death strikes, snatching his soul in an instant.

This story, like many Jewish folktales, echoes other motifs. The image of a serpent hidden in a rose, bringing death to the one who picks it, appears in other collections, such as Sefer Sha’ashuim. It’s a recurring symbol of hidden danger, of beauty masking deadly intent.

The encounter with the Angel of Death isn't always one of fear and dread. In the pseudepigraphal text, The Testament of Abraham, the Angel of Death initially appears as a mild-mannered young man, only revealing his terrifying true form at Abraham's insistence. This duality reminds us that death, while frightening, is also a part of life, a natural transition.

And sometimes, bravery and self-sacrifice can even sway the heavens. In "The Bridegroom and the Angel of Death," found in Hibbur ha-Ma'asiyot ve-ha-Midrashot (rabbinic interpretive commentary) ve-haAggadot, a bride's willingness to die in place of her groom so impresses God that both are spared (see "The Bridegroom and the Angel of Death" in Gabriel’s Palace, pp. 162-164).

These stories, passed down through generations, offer us a glimpse into our ancestors' understanding of mortality, of the delicate balance between life and death. They remind us that even in the face of death, courage, knowledge, and selflessness can make a difference. They also offer a powerful reminder of the importance of engaging in Torah study, learning, and acts of chesed (Lovingkindness), loving-kindness, as a means of confronting the inevitable.

What do these stories tell us about our own relationship with mortality? Are we ready to face the Angel of Death with the same courage and wisdom as Rabbi Loew? Perhaps that's the question we should be asking ourselves as we navigate this precious, fleeting life.

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Legends of the Jews, VI. Jacob, Jacob Pursued By Eliphaz And EsauLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.Project Gutenberg eBook #1493, The Legends of the Jews, Volume 1 · Public Domain

Compiled by Rabbi Louis Ginzberg, it was a near-death experience involving Esau's son, Eliphaz.

Fueled by rage and a thirst for revenge, Esau doesn't waste any time. He calls for his son Eliphaz, who Ginzberg describes as "dexterous and expert with the bow," and gives him a chilling order: hunt down Jacob, kill him, and take everything he owns. A pretty direct command. Eliphaz, only thirteen years old at the time, gathers ten of his mother's brothers and sets off in pursuit. He finds Jacob near Shechem, ready to fulfill his father's command.

The scene: Jacob, alone on the road, sees Eliphaz and his men approaching, swords drawn. He's confused, unsure of their intentions. "Wherefore have you come hither, and why do you pursue with your swords?" he asks, according to Ginzberg's retelling.

Eliphaz delivers the grim news: "Thus did my father command me, and now therefore I will not deviate from the orders which my father gave me."

Desperate, Jacob pleads for his life, offering everything he has – all the possessions given to him by his parents. He begs them to spare him, promising that this act of mercy will be considered righteousness on their part.

And here, something interesting happens. "The Lord caused Jacob to find favor in the sight of Eliphaz and his men," Ginzberg writes. They listen to Jacob, but they don't let him go scot-free. They take everything – his possessions, his silver, his gold, leaving him with nothing.

When Eliphaz returns to Esau, empty-handed in terms of blood spilled, Esau is furious. Why didn't they kill him?! Eliphaz explains that Jacob's pleas moved them to pity, so they only took his belongings. Esau, ever the opportunist, takes the stolen goods and adds them to his own treasury, but still, he's not satisfied. He really wants Jacob dead.

Esau continues his pursuit, setting up an ambush on the road to Haran. But Jacob, sensing the danger, miraculously parts the waters of the Jordan River with his staff, escaping to the other side.

But Esau doesn't give up. He anticipates Jacob's path, lying in wait near the hot springs of Baarus. Jacob, unaware of the trap, decides to bathe in the springs, seeking warmth and respite. Esau blocks every exit, ready to trap him in the scalding water.

But again, a miracle occurs! As Ginzberg tells it, a new opening appears in the spring, allowing Jacob to escape certain death. This escape, Ginzberg notes, fulfills the words, "When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee; when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burnt," a passage we find in (Isaiah 43:2).

And just when you think the story couldn’t get any stranger, Ginzberg adds a final twist: a rider, cooling off in the river, drowns. Jacob takes the dead man's clothes and horse, a lucky break that allows him to continue his journey without shame after being stripped of everything by Eliphaz.

Despite being robbed and nearly killed, Jacob doesn't lose hope. He trusts in the merits of his ancestors, believing that God will aid him. And God, responds, promising to protect him from all evil, day and night. "He that keepeth Israel shall neither slumber nor sleep," God says, echoing the words of Psalm 121.

Before leaving the Holy Land, though, Jacob seeks divine guidance at Beer-sheba. He wants to ensure he's acting according to God's will, referencing the precedent of Isaac receiving permission to leave Canaan in the past (Genesis 26). He avoids the Philistines, fearing a covenant that could bind his descendants. He also avoids fighting Esau, understanding the wisdom of avoiding unnecessary danger, a lesson learned from his ancestors.

What does this story tell us? It’s a reminder that even when we face immense challenges and feel utterly alone, faith and the merits of our ancestors can provide strength and protection. Jacob's journey to Haran wasn't just a physical one, but a spiritual long road marked by divine intervention and unwavering trust.

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Legends of the Jews, V. Abraham, A Herald Of DeathLegends of the Jews

Retold in our words. Read the original at the link below.The Legends of the Jews, Louis Ginzberg (1909–1938) · Public Domain

Jewish tradition, particularly the aggadah – the storytelling tradition – doesn't shy away from these questions. to a fascinating tale from Legends of the Jews (Ginzberg), about Abraham and his encounter with the angel Michael, the herald of death.

The story begins with God instructing Michael to deliver some difficult news to Abraham: it's time to depart from this world. Michael, ever dutiful, descends to earth and finds Abraham diligently working, plowing with his oxen. Abraham, ever the hospitable host, greets the stranger – not yet recognizing him as an angel – and invites him to rest and share a meal. He even offers him a beast to ride.

Michael refuses the mount, and as they walk towards Abraham's house, a fascinating detail emerges. They pass a large tree, and Abraham hears a voice from within its branches, proclaiming, "Holy art thou, because thou hast kept the purpose for which thou wast sent." Abraham, perceptive as ever, suspects the stranger is no ordinary traveler but keeps his thoughts to himself. It's a subtle moment, hinting at Abraham's wisdom and understanding.

Upon arriving at Abraham's house, the patriarch insists on washing Michael's feet, a gesture of utmost hospitality. As he does so, a profound realization washes over him: "I perceive that in this basin I shall never again wash the feet of any man coming to us as a guest." Overcome with emotion, Isaac, Abraham's son, begins to weep, and soon Abraham joins him. Even Michael, witnessing their grief, sheds tears. And here's where it gets really interesting: the tears of the angel, according to the story, transform into precious stones.

Before the meal, Michael briefly leaves, ascending to heaven in a flash. He expresses his reluctance to deliver the death notice to God, saying, "Lord and Master, let Thy power know that I am unable to remind that righteous man of his death, for I have not seen upon the earth a man like him, compassionate, hospitable, righteous, truthful, devout, refraining from every evil deed." Michael is essentially arguing that Abraham is too good to die!

God, understanding Michael's hesitation, instructs him to return to Abraham and assures him that He will take care of revealing the news in His own way. God explains that He will cast the "thought of death" into Isaac's heart in a dream, which Isaac will then relate to Abraham, and Michael is to interpret the dream. There's a wonderful touch of divine wisdom here – a recognition that sometimes, the most difficult truths are best revealed indirectly.

But there's another problem. Michael is a celestial being, not accustomed to earthly food. So God promises to send a "devouring spirit" that will consume the food on the table through Michael, so Michael won't have to physically eat, according to the tale. (Ginzberg, Legends) They share a meal, they pray together, and then retire for the night.

During the night, Isaac awakens, deeply troubled by his dream. He cries out, "Open, father, that I may touch thee before they take thee away from me." The grief intensifies, with Abraham, Isaac, and Michael all weeping together. Sarah, overhearing the commotion, realizes that their guest is no ordinary man but an angel, perhaps even one of the three they had welcomed years before, a callback to the famous story of Abraham's hospitality (Genesis 18).

Abraham, understanding the situation, asks Isaac to recount his dream. Michael interprets the dream as a premonition of Abraham's death and ascent to heaven, though his body will remain on earth until the resurrection of the dead. Abraham acknowledges Michael's divine nature and accepts his fate, but refuses to go with him. A final act of defiance, perhaps, or evidence of his strong will.

Michael returns to heaven, reporting Abraham's refusal to God. God, in turn, sends Michael back with a reminder of all the blessings bestowed upon Abraham and the inevitability of death for all mortals. Finally, Abraham relents, but with one last request: to be taken up in his body and shown all of creation. God grants this wish, a final act of grace towards His beloved friend.

What are we to make of this story? It's a powerful meditation on death, acceptance, and the relationship between humanity and the divine. It displays Abraham’s exceptional character – his hospitality, his righteousness, and even his initial resistance to death. It also highlights God’s compassion and willingness to accommodate Abraham's final wishes.

The story, as recounted in Legends of the Jews and drawing from earlier midrashic (rabbinic interpretive commentary) sources, presents death not as a simple end but as a transition, a journey guided by divine messengers. It is a story, in the end, about the enduring power of faith and the enduring love between God and humankind.

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