Parshat Mishpatim

1,629 related texts · Page 4 of 34

A collection of civil and criminal laws covering slavery, damages, lending, and the covenant ceremony at Sinai. Exodus 21:1-24:18.

God Demanded Obedience to His Laws as the Price of Leaving Egypt

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Bachodesh 6:5

The Mekhilta unpacks a subtle but powerful argument that God makes to Israel. The verse reads: "As the deeds of the land of Egypt in which you dwelt you shall not do" (Leviticus 18...

MosesEgyptCommandmentsAdam & Eve

(21 — 35) "And if the ox of a man strike" to exclude the ox

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 12:2

(Exodus 21:35) says: "And if the ox of a man strike" — the Mekhilta immediately draws a legal boundary. The phrase "of a man" excludes the ox of a minor. A child who owns an ox tha...

WisdomNationsHeresyConversion

pay shall he pay an ox for an ox" — This tells me only (that

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 12:15

"Pay shall he pay an ox for an ox" — the Torah prescribes the remedy when a mued (habitual goring ox) kills another person's ox. The payment is a beast for a beast. But the Mekhilt...

WisdomHumorDivine justice

But this is refuted by (the theft of) a blemished beast

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Nezikin 12:26

The Mekhilta raises an objection to the theory that the four-and-five payment applies only to animals that are sacrificed on the altar. If that were the rule, then a blemished anim...

TempleSacrificeAnimalsAdam & Eve

and the stranger" — This refers to a ger toshav (a

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Kaspa 3:34

"and the stranger": This refers to a ger toshav (a "sojourning stranger [one who shuns idolatry and observes the seven Noachide laws]). But perhaps it refers to a ger tzedek (a "ri...

Divine justiceShabbatConversionAnger

The Angel Of Rain

Talmud Aggadah Ta'anit 25b

The tradition paints a rather… unusual picture. Imagine an angel resembling an ox with a split lip. Strange. But hold that image for a moment, because this angel's position is what...

CreationAngelsNoah & Flood

Noah and the Patriarchs of Laws

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 2:5

There's a powerful, almost unsettling image in Midrash Tehillim, a collection of homiletic interpretations of the Book of Psalms. It speaks of someone being stripped bare, of havin...

PatriarchsHolidaysNoah & FloodWisdom

The Fallen Angel Who Tricked Israel into Idolatry

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 45:7

A story found woven into the ancient text of Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer. The scene: Mount Sinai. Moses is up there receiving the Torah, the ultimate gift, the very blueprint for a just...

JosephMosesHoly LandEgypt

Protecting Human Dignity in the Laws of Pledges

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 277:1

But when you really dig in, you find these incredible layers of compassion and ethical guidance. Take the laws about lending and taking pledges, for example. They're not just about...

JudgmentAdam & EveProtectionKabbalah

The Forgotten Sheaf Left Behind for the Widow

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 283:2

It’s not just about what we owe to God, but what we owe to each other. Today, let’s delve into a fascinating passage from Sifrei Devarim, a commentary on the Book of Deuteronomy, c...

MysticismWisdomCharityRain

Levirate Marriage and the Brother's Duty to the Widow

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 288:1

Ever hear a law and think, "Wow, that's… specific?" Well, buckle up, because we're about to dive into one of those laws from the Torah. It’s a concept called yibum, or levirate mar...

JosephTribesCharityKabbalah

What Counts as Death in the Laws of Levirate Marriage

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 288:3

Now, what happens when one of them passes away, leaving behind a wife but no children? Traditionally, Jewish law provides a specific path, one designed to both care for the widow a...

JosephKabbalahAdam & EveDeath

The Widow and the Law of Levirate Marriage

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 288:4

Today, we're going to untangle a particularly fascinating knot from Sifrei Devarim 288, dealing with the laws of yibum and chalitzah – levirate marriage and its alternative. So, wh...

JosephWomen of the BibleKabbalahHumor

Laws of Levirate Marriage When a Brother Dies

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 289:4

The ones that govern life, death, and... well, levirate marriage? It's a mouthful, I know. But stick with me, because even in ancient texts, there are surprisingly human stories hi...

JosephDeathTribesKabbalah

Chalitzah, the Shoe Removal Rite of the Widow

Other Texts Sifrei Devarim 289:10

The kind of stuff that makes you scratch your head and think, "Wow, someone really thought of everything!" Well, today we’re diving into one of those corners: the laws of chalitzah...

MatriarchsJosephHoly Land

Benjamin supported a widow with seven children

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 100

Benjamin the Righteous served as the guardian of the community charity fund. Every donation that came in, every disbursement that went out, passed through his honest hands. The peo...

WisdomAdam & EveCharityTribes

The story of Ben Sabar who helped an orphan to be married

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 137

The story of Ben Sabar who helped an orphan to be married. On his journey home he was met by the angel §5 of death. He went to the R. Shaffan b. Laish and was saved from death thro...

AngelsDeathCharity

Ben Sabar Outran the Angel of Death for Two Hundred Years

Midrash Aggadah Exempla of the Rabbis, No. 137

Ben Sabar was traveling home one evening when he came upon a young orphan girl weeping by the side of the road. She had no family, no dowry, and no one willing to marry her. Withou...

AngelsDeathCharityAdam & Eve

Four Hundred Years of Slavery Foretold to Abraham

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 44:18

"Know with certainty that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, and they will be enslaved to them and they will oppress them, four hundred years.” That's...

CreationPatriarchsHumorWit

Jacob's Oxen and Donkeys Hold Messianic Symbolism

Midrash Rabbah Bereshit Rabbah 75:6

In the Torah, seemingly straightforward words often ripple with hidden depths, revealing layers of symbolism that speak to our history, our hopes, and our ultimate destiny. Take Ja...

CreationKing DavidMessiahProphecy

Jethro the Stranger Who Was Welcomed Into Israel

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 27:5

The verse “Yitro…heard” (Exodus 18:1) sparks a fascinating connection to a seemingly unrelated verse from Job: “The stranger does not stay the night outside” (Job 31:32). What’s th...

CreationHeavenMosesKing David

“We have become orphans, fatherless; our mothers are like

Midrash Rabbah Eikhah Rabbah 5:3

“We have become orphans, fatherless; our mothers are like widows” (Lamentations 5:3).“We have become orphans, fatherless.” Rabbi Berekhya said in the name of Rabbi Levi: The Holy O...

RedemptionHoly LandWomen of the BibleCharity

Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 1

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 1

21:1). Scripture states (elsewhere in reference to this verse): The strength also of the king who loveth justice. Thou hast established equity and righteousness in Jacob (Ps. 99:4)...

PatriarchsJudgmentDivine justiceKings

Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 3

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 3

21:1). R. Abahu said in the name of R. Yosé the son of Zimra: Whenever the word eleh (“these”) is written, the lack of importance of the earlier generations is indicated, but whene...

JudgmentLawAdam & EveDivine justice

Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 4

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 4

21:1). Scripture says (elsewhere) in reference to this verse: These also are sayings of the wise. To have respect of persons in judgment is not good (Prov. 24:23). The Holy One, bl...

JudgmentDreams & VisionsTzedakah (Charity)

Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 18

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 18

Behold, I sent an angel before thee (Exod. 23:20). The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Moses: I will send an angel before you but not before them. Whereupon Moses replied: If you ...

MosesAngelsBlessingSin

Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 19

Midrash Tanchuma Midrash Tanchuma, Mishpatim 19

Behold, I send an angel before thee (Exod. 23:20). Scripture says elsewhere in reference to this verse: For He will give His angels charge over thee, to keep thee in all thy ways (...

AngelsDemonsTribesPatriarchs

Tobias Offers Half His Fortune to the Angel

Apocrypha Book of Tobit 12:3

The Book of Tobit, a beautiful story nestled within the Apocrypha, touches on just that. It's a tale filled with faith, healing, and the surprising intervention of angels. We find ...

HeavenAngelsPatriarchsMatriarchs

Freeing Jewish Slaves to Receive the Torah

Apocrypha Letter of Aristeas 1:16

We're diving into the Letter of Aristeas, a fascinating text that offers a glimpse into the world of Hellenistic Judaism. Imagine you're an advisor to a powerful king, and you're t...

TorahPrayerEgypt

The Torah's Laws as a Hedge Against Corruption

Apocrypha Letter of Aristeas 1:144

The Letter of Aristeas, a fascinating text that purports to describe the translation of the Torah into Greek, offers a glimpse into this very question. It suggests that these seemi...

MosesTorahKabbalahHeresy

Dietary Laws That Teach Virtue and Self-Control

Apocrypha Letter of Aristeas 1:150

It's easy to dismiss them as arbitrary, ancient dietary restrictions. But what if there's something much deeper going on? Something about character, about virtue, about becoming th...

TorahHeresyKabbalahDivine justice

Hidden Wisdom Behind the Laws of Kashrut

Apocrypha Letter of Aristeas 1:162

It's easy to dismiss them as outdated or just plain weird. But what if there's a deeper wisdom hidden within? The Letter of Aristeas, an ancient text, gives us a fascinating perspe...

TorahDivine justiceWisdomHeresy

Rabbi Loew And The Angel Of Death

Ginzberg Die Legenden der Juden

But it's a concept that's woven deep into Jewish lore, appearing in various forms throughout our sacred texts and stories. One particularly compelling tale features Rabbi Loew, the...

CreationAngelsTorahPatriarchs

Joseph The Slave Of Potiphar

Ginzberg Vol. 2

We all know the story of Joseph and his brothers. Sold into slavery in Egypt, he rises to prominence, eventually saving his family from famine. But let's rewind and look at the ver...

AngelsHeavenTorahPatriarchs

Moses and the Heavenly Realms of Angels

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:9

Jewish tradition offers some truly fascinating perspectives. For instance, the idea that God's goodness should reign on earth just as it does in Heaven. To achieve this, the tradit...

HeavenMosesTorahMiracles

God Consulted the Angels Before Making Humankind

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:6

Not according to some powerful Jewish legends! They paint a picture of a world created specifically for us, for the people of Israel. It’s a pretty bold claim, isn't it?According t...

CreationHeavenJosephMoses

The Angels Who Opposed the Creation of Humans

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:12

The universe is a vast, seemingly endless expanse, and yet, here we are, tiny humans on a small planet, contemplating our existence. It’s a question that has plagued philosophers a...

TorahAngelsCreationHumor

Enoch and the Angels

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 3:10

That’s the story of Enoch. According to Legends of the Jews, after spending a long time in seclusion, Enoch heard an angel calling him. “Enoch, Enoch,” the angel said, “make yourse...

CreationHeavenAngelsAdam & Eve

Pharaoh's Advisors Protested Making a Former Slave Their Master

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:172

It sounds like a dream. But what if everyone around you is dead-set against it? That's the situation Joseph found himself in, according to Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews, when Phar...

JosephMosesTorahWisdom

An Angel of Strength Always Fought at Judah's Side

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:33

According to Ginzberg in Legends of the Jews, Judah wasn't shy about sharing his battlefield exploits. He recounted his bravery in the wars against the Canaanite kings and even aga...

AngelsPatriarchsTorahProphecy

Amram Divorced His Wife Rather Than Bring Children Into Slavery

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:37

We all know the big picture: slavery, plagues, the parting of the Red Sea. But what about the individual choices, the moral dilemmas, the moments of despair and resilience that sha...

Noah & FloodPatriarchsJosephMoses

Two Angels Steadied Each Person at the Revelation

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:51

According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, the very voice of the Divine, booming forth, caused heaven and earth to shake. Can you picture it? The sheer power of it w...

CreationHeavenHell/GehennaJob

The Spiritual Contagion of Adultery Theft and Lies

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:64

We're talking commandments here, not the Big Ten, but more like, let's say, the "Really Important Suggestions for a Good Life and Avoiding Divine Wrath." Sound intense? It is! Firs...

Hell/GehennaTorahMiraclesHoly Land

Moses Confronts the Towering Angel Hadarniel

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:79

The story, as retold by Ginzberg in Legends of the Jews, introduces us to this angel, a being named Hadarniel. This angel, it's said, towers over his brethren, exceeding them by si...

CreationHeavenAngelsAdam & Eve

Moses Faces the Angels of Terror at God's Throne

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:84

According to some traditions, the journey up the mountain was even more perilous than we imagine. Moses, a mortal man, ascending to the very Throne of Glory, surrounded by angels.....

CreationHeavenJosephMoses

Angels Try to Steal the Torah From Moses in Heaven

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:85

We often picture him receiving the Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, in a moment of serene revelation. But Jewish tradition suggests it was a far more intense, even ...

HeavenAngelsMosesElijah

The Angels Questioned Whether Moses Would Claim the Torah

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 2:134

It's a monumental task. Well, the angels apparently had some thoughts. The story goes that they were a little… skeptical. As we find in Legends of the Jews, a monumental compilatio...

MosesTorahHoly Land

Joseph Kept the Sabbath as a Slave in Egypt

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 3:99

And when we look at the story of Joseph, the biblical hero, we find a fascinating answer. Joseph, sold into slavery in Egypt, faces temptation at every turn. But he remains steadfa...

PatriarchsJosephTorahTemple