Parshat Shemot

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The Israelites' enslavement in Egypt, the birth of Moses, Moses at the burning bush, and God's call to liberate His people. Exodus 1:1-6:1.

Baby Moses Grabs Pharaoh's Crown at a Banquet

Book of Jasher Jasher 70

We all know the story of his dramatic rescue as a baby, floating down the Nile in a basket. But what happened next, after he was adopted by Pharaoh's daughter? The Book of Jasher, ...

CreationAngelsPatriarchsMatriarchs

Moses in Pharaoh's Palace Feels His People's Pain

Ginzberg Vol. 2

The Torah portion of Shmot – Exodus – introduces us to Moses, arguably the greatest prophet in Judaism. But even before the burning bush, before the plagues, before the parting of ...

JudgmentMosesEgyptDivine justice

Moses — Aaron at the Dawn of Creation

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:236

"What! Is our sorrow not great enough, burdened as we are by those who have suffered in Egypt from the very beginning? Must you add more to the land?" Can you imagine Aaron saying ...

CreationJosephMosesTorah

Pharaoh — Moses and Divine Judgment

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:238

Turns out, Moses knew exactly how that felt, way back in ancient Egypt. Imagine this: Moses, chosen by God to lead his people out of slavery, invites the elders of Israel to join h...

Hell/GehennaMosesEgyptJudgment

Kingdom of Moses of Aaron

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:254

That feeling, that impossible tension, isn’t new. The Israelites felt it acutely during their enslavement in Egypt, and their frustration boiled over in a truly heartbreaking way. ...

JosephMosesJobMessiah

Pharaoh Went to the Nile Every Morning to Hide He Was Human

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:287

It all started with a walk by the river. Pharaoh, had a little… problem. He fancied himself a god. Not just any god, mind you, but the god of Egypt. The problem? Gods aren't suppos...

MosesMiraclesEgypt

Moses Stands Before Pharaoh After the Ten Plagues

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:340

Really trapped. Centuries of slavery, your identity almost erased. Then, a glimmer of hope appears: MOSES. But even after plagues and miracles, freedom seems just out of reach. Wha...

JosephMosesPrayerHoly Land

Moses Begs God to Remember the Burning Bush

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 6:128

That’s the feeling that clings to the story of Moses and his unfulfilled dream of leading the Israelites into the Promised Land. We all know the story: Moses, the reluctant prophet...

Adam & EveJosephMosesHoly Land

Elazar says — after she parted from him with a ma'amar (i

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 3:16

R. Elazar says: after she parted from him with a ma'amar (i.e., by word of mouth). For when the L–rd said to Moses: Go and take My people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt, viz...

MosesHoly LandHumorWit

Aaron — Moses in Joseph's Time

Midrash Aggadah Midrash Tehillim 113:2

That feeling…that’s almost the heart of the story of Hallelujah. But what is Hallelujah, really? It's more than just a word; it's an expression, a moment in time. Midrash Tehillim,...

JosephMosesSolomonTorah

Pharaoh — Moses Speaks for God

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 40:7

That feeling, that sense of profound loss, isn't just a modern phenomenon. Our Sages wrestled with it too. Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, a fascinating and often imaginative work of Jewis...

MosesElijahProphecyHoly Land

The Miraculous Signs Moses Performed Before Pharaoh

Midrash Aggadah Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer 40:8

The story begins with Moses, standing before God, asking for a sign, a mofet, to prove his divine mission. "Sovereign of all worlds!" he pleads, "Give me a wonder or a sign!" And G...

Adam & EveMosesMiraclesHoly Land

Pharaoh — Moses at the Dawn of Creation

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 1:23

We all know the basics: baby Moses in a basket, found by Pharaoh's daughter. But what if I told you there's a whole world of interpretation swirling around just a few verses? to on...

CreationAngelsMosesKing David

Pharaoh — Moses's Miracle

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 9:6

And his reaction to Moses and Aaron's miracles in Egypt, as described in Shemot Rabbah, is a masterclass in insecure overcompensation. We all know the story: Moses and Aaron come b...

JosephMosesMiraclesWisdom

Birth of Pharaoh of Moses

Midrash Rabbah Shemot Rabbah 10:5

We read the story of the plagues, and it can feel like a foregone conclusion, like Pharaoh was just cartoonishly stubborn. But there were moments... moments where the pressure was ...

Hell/GehennaMosesTempleEgypt

(Exodus 12 — 1) "saying" — Go and say it to them immediately

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 1:20

(Exodus 12:1) "saying": Go and say it to them immediately. These are the words of R. Yishmael. As it is written (Exodus 34:34) "And he went out and spoke to the children of Israel ...

MosesProphecyHoly Land

(Exodus 13 — 14) "And it shall be if your son asks you

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Pischa 18:23

When the Torah says "tomorrow," does it mean the next day or some distant point in the future? The Mekhilta demonstrates that the word carries both meanings, depending on context. ...

WisdomEgyptExodusPassover

(Exodus 13 — 17) "And it was, when G–d sent ("shalach") the

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 1:1

(Exodus 13:17) "And it was, when G–d sent ("shalach") the people": "sending" in all places is accompaniment, viz. (Genesis 18:16) "And Abraham went with them to send them," (Ibid. ...

PatriarchsMosesProphecyDivine justice

Rebbi says — Last night you said (i

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayehi Beshalach 4:12

Rebbi says: Last night you said (i.e., you complained to Me) (Exodus 5:23) "And from the time I came to Pharaoh, etc." And now you stand and wax long in prayer? "Why do you cry out...

MosesPrayerDeathHoly Land

(Exodus 15 — 1) "Az yashir Mosheh" — Az ("then") sometimes

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Shirah 1:1

(Exodus 15:1) "Az yashir Mosheh": Az ("then") sometimes signals the past and sometimes signals the future. The past: (Genesis 4:26) "Az men began", (Exodus 4:26) "Az she said", (Ex...

MosesProphecyMiraclesCharity

The Ten Trials of Israel in the Wilderness

Midrash Aggadah Avot DeRabbi Natan 34

The opening verse of Deuteronomy lists a string of place names — "in the wilderness, in the Arabah, over against Suph, between Paran and Tophel, and Laban, and Hazeroth, and Di-zah...

ExodusSinMosesDivine judgment

How Abraham Unlocked the Hidden Torah

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 13

Each prophet saw God differently. Amos saw Him standing — "I saw the Lord standing beside the altar" (Amos 9:1). Isaiah saw Him sitting — "I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, high ...

AbrahamJacobJosephMoses

God Searched a Thousand Men to Find One Righteous

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 50

David lifts his eyes to the mountains and prays — "A song of ascents" — and God answers him through a text he might not have expected: Moses's blessing of Judah. "And this is the b...

Divine throneAbrahamAdam & EveMoses

God Will Gather All of Jacob at the End of Days

Midrash Aggadah Aggadat Bereshit 83

"I will assemble Jacob, all of you; I will bring together the remnant of Israel" (Micah 2:12). The end of Aggadat Bereshit's prophetic arc arrives here: not the death of Jacob, not...

MessiahJacobJosephMoses

“The young woman who will please the king will reign in

Midrash Rabbah Esther Rabbah 5:4

“The young woman who will please the king will reign in place of Vashti. The proposal pleased the king and he did so” (Esther 2:4).“The young woman who will please the king” – who ...

MosesProphecyHoly LandKings

Yehoshua says — When Miriam died, the well was removed, and

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Vayassa 6:22

Three miraculous gifts sustained Israel in the wilderness, and each one was tied to a specific leader. Rabbi Yehoshua teaches that when Miriam died, the well that had followed the ...

MosesDeathJoshuaWomen of the Bible

the father-in-law of Moses" — In the beginning, Moses prided

Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Mekhilta Tractate Amalek 3:12

The Mekhilta notices something peculiar about how the Torah identifies Yithro. In the beginning of the story, Moses is the one who boasts about the relationship. When Moses returns...

CreationTorahMoses

Pharaoh Orders All Hebrew Boys Cast Into the Nile

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 47:6

to one of those today, a fascinating glimpse behind the curtain of Moses' infancy. We all know the story: Pharaoh, gripped by fear of the Israelites' growing numbers, decrees that ...

Noah & FloodJosephMosesEgypt

Moses Grows Up in Pharaoh's Palace

Apocrypha Book of Jubilees 47:14

We know he was found in the reeds, destined for greatness. But what happened between that moment and the burning bush? Well, the Book of Jubilees, a fascinating ancient text not in...

MosesHoly LandEgypt

Moses Marries Zipporah

Ginzberg Vol. 2

According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, Moses encountered seven maidens at a well. One of them, Zipporah, caught his eye with her modesty. He proposed marriage, b...

CreationDemonsHeavenTorah

Pharaoh — Joseph in the Days of Moses

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 1:174

We all know the story: Joseph, sold into slavery by his jealous brothers, ends up in Egypt. He rises through the ranks, but then gets thrown in jail after being falsely accused. Bu...

JosephMosesWisdomEgypt

Job Advised Pharaoh to Use Midwives to Kill Hebrew Babies

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:17

But here's where it gets interesting, and frankly, disturbing. According to Legends of the Jews, specifically Ginzberg's retelling, Job, yes, that Job, of suffering and faith, some...

Hell/GehennaMosesJobEgypt

The Midwives Defied Pharaoh and Saved the Hebrew Babies

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:22

Pharaoh, you'll remember, had ordered the Hebrew midwives to kill all newborn baby boys. But these women – Shifra and Puah are their names in (Exodus 1:15) – defied him. They feare...

HeavenMosesKing DavidTemple

God Sent Plagues on Egypt While Baby Moses Floated on the Nile

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:57

We all know the story: Pharaoh, terrified by the growing number of Israelites, orders all newborn Hebrew boys to be cast into the Nile. A desperate act of cruelty. But what was goi...

AngelsNoah & FloodMosesPrayer

Bithiah Pretended to Be Pregnant Then Produced Moses

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:68

We get glimpses in the Torah, of course, but the aggadah (non-legal rabbinic narrative), those beautiful, imaginative expansions of the biblical narrative, fill in the gaps and pai...

MosesWisdomEgypt

Moses — The Burning Bush

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:101

We often think of the burning bush, the plagues, the parting of the Red Sea. But what about the years before all that? Ginzberg, in his Legends of the Jews, paints a fascinating pi...

JosephMosesEgyptShabbat

Moses's Rod Becomes a Serpent with a Double Meaning

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:210

The Torah is full of these kinds of startling transformations, and the story of Moses' rod is a perfect example. It’s more than just a cool magic trick; it’s a lesson about power, ...

CreaturesAdam & EveJosephMoses

Moses Argued That Pharaoh Would Never Listen to a Prophet

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:215

According to Ginzberg's masterful retelling in Legends of the Jews, Moses didn't exactly jump for joy when he got the divine call. In fact, he voiced some pretty significant doubts...

JosephMosesProphecyHoly Land

Moses Rode the Same Donkey That Carried Isaac to the Binding

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:224

According to Legends of the Jews, as retold by Rabbi Louis Ginzberg, the great leader wasn't exactly racing toward his destiny. He was accompanied by his wife and children, yes, an...

PatriarchsJosephMosesMessiah

Moses and the Dreamer of Zipporah

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:225

Moses, our leader, lawgiver, the one who spoke to God face to face... even he wasn't perfect. We often think of Moses as this unwavering figure. But the texts paint a more nuanced ...

JosephMosesEgyptCovenant

Aaron — Moses and the Fires of Gehenna

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:241

Terrifying. That's exactly where Moses and Aaron found themselves when they approached Pharaoh. Pharaoh's palace wasn't just a building; it was a fortress, a symbol of absolute pow...

Hell/GehennaAngelsMosesEgypt

Aaron — Moses and the Dreamer

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:242

Oh no, that would be far too simple. According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of the Jews, at every single entrance stood two massive lions. Lions! Terrifying. These weren't yo...

JosephMosesEgypt

Moses and Divine Judgment of Pharaoh

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:260

Seems simple enough. Except Moses knew better. He knew the hearts of his people, the Israelites. The text tells us, "The last was a most difficult task." See, this wasn't just abou...

Hell/GehennaMosesHoly LandEgypt

Kingdom of Moses of Pharaoh

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:288

Some folks sneak around, waiting for the perfect moment to pounce. Others? They give you a heads-up, a warning shot across the bow. That difference, believe it or not, is at the he...

MosesMiraclesHoly LandEgypt

Birth of Moses of Pharaoh

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:315

We all know the story: Moses and Aaron plead with Pharaoh, Pharaoh refuses, plagues ensue. But what about the details? The little human moments tucked away in the grand narrative? ...

MosesPrayerRepentanceMiracles

Pharaoh — Signs and Wonders of Moses

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:320

Moses, the man who stood toe-to-toe with Pharaoh, the man who witnessed unimaginable plagues unleashed upon Egypt, still maintained a certain level of deference. It's almost counte...

MosesMiraclesHoly LandEgypt

Pharaoh Hunts for Moses on the Night of Death

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:337

We're talking about the night of the slaying of the firstborn, the tenth plague that finally broke his iron grip on the Israelites. According to Ginzberg's retelling in Legends of ...

MosesEgyptKingsAdam & Eve

Pharaoh — Moses and the Dreamer

Ginzberg Legends of the Jews 4:338

We read about the plagues, the drama, the escape... but what about the quieter moments? What about the conversations that might have happened just before the dawn broke and freedom...

JosephMosesPrayerHoly Land