"Receive now the present which is brought to you, because it has been given me through mercy from before the Lord." Jacob's insistence in Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (Genesis 33:11) rests on a subtle theological claim.

The gift was not really Jacob's. The flocks and the servants and the abundance had been given to him — by mercy, from the Holy One — during his twenty years with Laban. When he now pressed it into Esau's hand, he was not parting with his own property. He was passing along something that had arrived at his door through grace.

The chain of mercy

The rabbis noticed how this framing disarms the transaction. Esau could have refused out of pride (I have enough). Jacob removed the pride by removing the ownership. These gifts did not begin with me, he said; they came from a higher source, and now they continue on to you. You are not taking from your younger brother; you are receiving from the same merciful hand that gave them to me.

"And he urged upon him, and he received." Esau relented. The gift flowed on. And the pattern became a model for Jewish giving: you do not give from what is yours; you pass along what was never fully yours in the first place.

The takeaway: when you know your wealth came through mercy, you give it away more easily.