The Dual Messiah

Devarim Rabbah 3:17

Another interpretation of "Carve for yourself" (Exodus 34:1): They asked Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai: Why were the first tablets the work of heaven and the second the work of man? He said to them: To what may the matter be compared? To a king who married a woman, and he brought the paper and the scribe from his own and crowned her from his own, and brought her into his house. The king saw her laughing with one of his own servants; he became angry with her and put her out. Her best man came to him and said to him: My master, do you not know from where you took her? Did she not grow up among the servants? And since she grew up among the servants, her heart is brazen with them. The king said to him: And what do you ask, that I be reconciled to her? Bring the paper and the scribe from your own, and here is my own handwriting. So too Moses said to the Holy One, blessed be He, at the time when they fell into that affair, He said to him: Do you not know from what place you brought them out? From Egypt, a place of idolatry. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: And what do you ask, that I be reconciled to them? Bring the tablets from your own, and here is My own handwriting: "And I will write upon the tablets" (Exodus 34:1). The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: Moses, by your life, just as you gave your soul for them in this world, so in time to come, when I bring them Elijah the prophet, the two of you will come as one. From where do we know this? For thus it is written: "The LORD is slow to anger and great in power, and the LORD will by no means clear the guilty; His way is in the whirlwind and in the storm, and the clouds are the dust of His feet. He rebukes the sea and makes it dry, and dries up all the rivers; Bashan and Carmel languish, and the flower of Lebanon languishes" (Nahum 1:3-4). "In the whirlwind" (be-sufah) refers to Moses, as it is written: "And when she could no longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes and daubed it with bitumen and pitch, and put the child in it, and laid it in the reeds (ba-suf) by the bank of the river" (Exodus 2:3). "And in the storm" (u-vise'arah) refers to Elijah, as it is written: "And it came to pass, as they still went on and talked, that behold, a chariot of fire and horses of fire separated the two of them, and Elijah went up by a whirlwind into heaven. And Elisha saw it, and he cried, My father, my father, the chariot of Israel and its horsemen! And he saw him no more; and he took hold of his own clothes and tore them in two pieces" (2 Kings 2:11-12). At that hour he will come and comfort you. From where do we know? As it is said: "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet" and so forth, "and he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children" (Malachi 3:23-24).

Themes

Original Sources

  • Deuteronomy Rabbah 3:17

Biblical References